Antibiotic resistance in hospital wastewater in West Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract Background The occurrence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) has become a global menace and therefore increases morbidity, mortality and healthcare costs. Globally, hospital wastewater (HWW) has been identified as a significant source of antibiotic-resistant elements. Objectives This re...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Prince Hotor, Fleischer C. N. Kotey, Eric S. Donkor
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-04-01
Series:BMC Public Health
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-025-22513-w
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