Clinical features and prognosis of carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma of the lacrimal gland: a comprehensive case series and literature review

AIM: To examine carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma (CXPA) and its development to provide information for its clinical assessment and prognosis. METHODS: The clinical data of 26 patients with pathologically diagnosed CXPA were included for analysis. The patients' medical histories and data (e.g.,...

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Main Authors: Run-Zi Yang, Ming-Shen Ma, Rui Liu, Ting-Ting Ren, Jing Li, Nan Wang, Liang-Yuan Xu, Qi-Han Guo, Jian-Min Ma
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Press of International Journal of Ophthalmology (IJO PRESS) 2025-09-01
Series:International Journal of Ophthalmology
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Online Access:http://ies.ijo.cn/en_publish/2025/9/20250905.pdf
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author Run-Zi Yang
Ming-Shen Ma
Rui Liu
Ting-Ting Ren
Jing Li
Nan Wang
Liang-Yuan Xu
Qi-Han Guo
Jian-Min Ma
author_facet Run-Zi Yang
Ming-Shen Ma
Rui Liu
Ting-Ting Ren
Jing Li
Nan Wang
Liang-Yuan Xu
Qi-Han Guo
Jian-Min Ma
author_sort Run-Zi Yang
collection DOAJ
description AIM: To examine carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma (CXPA) and its development to provide information for its clinical assessment and prognosis. METHODS: The clinical data of 26 patients with pathologically diagnosed CXPA were included for analysis. The patients' medical histories and data (e.g., gender, age, eye laterality, clinical manifestations, pathologic and immunohistochemical indices, treatments, and prognosis) were recorded. RESULTS: The average age of the 26 patients was 59.6±15.7y. There was no significant difference in the gender distribution. The incidence of CXPA bone destruction was approximately 57.7%, and the incidence of optic nerve involvement and extraocular muscle involvement was approximately 15.4% and 19.2%, respectively. The most common pathological type was adenocarcinoma (34.6%), followed by ductal carcinoma (26.9%). Five patients had recurrence or metastasis (19.2%). The 5-year recurrence-free survival rate was 59.0%. There were no significant differences in survival rates among patients with different pathologic types and stages (P>0.05). Bone destruction, nerve invasion, and peripheral tissue invasion did not significantly affect survival rate (P>0.05). Surgery combined with 125I radiation therapy leads to a better survival prognosis (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: CXPA has a variety of pathologic classifications, with characteristics of bone destruction and peripheral tissue invasion. Surgery combined with 125I endoradiotherapy is a preferable treatment option. However, long-term follow-up and close observation for recurrence or metastasis should be performed.
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institution Kabale University
issn 2222-3959
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language English
publishDate 2025-09-01
publisher Press of International Journal of Ophthalmology (IJO PRESS)
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spelling doaj-art-376e23f74eec4c3ca982f838f6c4cdb52025-08-22T06:07:08ZengPress of International Journal of Ophthalmology (IJO PRESS)International Journal of Ophthalmology2222-39592227-48982025-09-011891650165710.18240/ijo.2025.09.0520250905Clinical features and prognosis of carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma of the lacrimal gland: a comprehensive case series and literature reviewRun-Zi Yang0Ming-Shen Ma1Rui Liu2Ting-Ting Ren3Jing Li4Nan Wang5Liang-Yuan Xu6Qi-Han Guo7Jian-Min Ma8Jian-Min Ma. Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, China. jmma@sina.comDepartment of Ophthalmology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, ChinaBeijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, ChinaBeijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, ChinaBeijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, ChinaBeijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, ChinaBeijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, ChinaBeijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, ChinaBeijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, ChinaAIM: To examine carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma (CXPA) and its development to provide information for its clinical assessment and prognosis. METHODS: The clinical data of 26 patients with pathologically diagnosed CXPA were included for analysis. The patients' medical histories and data (e.g., gender, age, eye laterality, clinical manifestations, pathologic and immunohistochemical indices, treatments, and prognosis) were recorded. RESULTS: The average age of the 26 patients was 59.6±15.7y. There was no significant difference in the gender distribution. The incidence of CXPA bone destruction was approximately 57.7%, and the incidence of optic nerve involvement and extraocular muscle involvement was approximately 15.4% and 19.2%, respectively. The most common pathological type was adenocarcinoma (34.6%), followed by ductal carcinoma (26.9%). Five patients had recurrence or metastasis (19.2%). The 5-year recurrence-free survival rate was 59.0%. There were no significant differences in survival rates among patients with different pathologic types and stages (P>0.05). Bone destruction, nerve invasion, and peripheral tissue invasion did not significantly affect survival rate (P>0.05). Surgery combined with 125I radiation therapy leads to a better survival prognosis (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: CXPA has a variety of pathologic classifications, with characteristics of bone destruction and peripheral tissue invasion. Surgery combined with 125I endoradiotherapy is a preferable treatment option. However, long-term follow-up and close observation for recurrence or metastasis should be performed.http://ies.ijo.cn/en_publish/2025/9/20250905.pdfcarcinoma ex pleomorphic adenomalacrimal gland125i radiation therapy
spellingShingle Run-Zi Yang
Ming-Shen Ma
Rui Liu
Ting-Ting Ren
Jing Li
Nan Wang
Liang-Yuan Xu
Qi-Han Guo
Jian-Min Ma
Clinical features and prognosis of carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma of the lacrimal gland: a comprehensive case series and literature review
International Journal of Ophthalmology
carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma
lacrimal gland
125i radiation therapy
title Clinical features and prognosis of carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma of the lacrimal gland: a comprehensive case series and literature review
title_full Clinical features and prognosis of carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma of the lacrimal gland: a comprehensive case series and literature review
title_fullStr Clinical features and prognosis of carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma of the lacrimal gland: a comprehensive case series and literature review
title_full_unstemmed Clinical features and prognosis of carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma of the lacrimal gland: a comprehensive case series and literature review
title_short Clinical features and prognosis of carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma of the lacrimal gland: a comprehensive case series and literature review
title_sort clinical features and prognosis of carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma of the lacrimal gland a comprehensive case series and literature review
topic carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma
lacrimal gland
125i radiation therapy
url http://ies.ijo.cn/en_publish/2025/9/20250905.pdf
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