Time‐Lagged Effects of Ionospheric Response to Severe Geomagnetic Storms on GNSS Kinematic Precise Point Positioning
Abstract This paper investigates time‐lag effects of ionospheric response to two severe geomagnetic storms (Kp = 8) on the degradation of kinematic precise point positioning (PPP) solutions, utilizing over 5500 Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) stations distributed worldwide. Focusing on th...
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| Format: | Article |
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Wiley
2024-09-01
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| Series: | Space Weather |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1029/2024SW003946 |
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| author | Zhe Yang Y. T. Jade Morton |
| author_facet | Zhe Yang Y. T. Jade Morton |
| author_sort | Zhe Yang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract This paper investigates time‐lag effects of ionospheric response to two severe geomagnetic storms (Kp = 8) on the degradation of kinematic precise point positioning (PPP) solutions, utilizing over 5500 Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) stations distributed worldwide. Focusing on these two severe geomagnetic storms that occurred during solar cycle 24, the study employs an open‐source positioning software package, namely RTKLIB, to derive the PPP solutions. The findings reveal significant variations in time lags across different magnetic latitudes. These variations are driven by ionospheric responses to a southward interplanetary magnetic field and subsequent decreases in the SMY‐H index during the 2015 St. Patrick's Day Storm and the 2017 September 7–8 Storm. Specifically, at high latitudes, PPP degradation primarily manifests during the main phase of the storm, resulting in delays spanning from several minutes to 1–2 hr after the sudden onset of the storm. In contrast, mid‐ and low latitudes exhibit a wider range of delays extending up to tens of hours. Notably, rapid positioning degradation is observed predominantly at the magnetic local time noon and midnight sectors. The study discusses these time lag effects concerning the intensity of various ionospheric disturbances triggered by the interactions among the solar wind, magnetosphere, and ionosphere during geomagnetic storms. The insights obtained from this research have the potential to be integrated into physics‐based and machine‐learning models to enhance forecasting capabilities of space weather impacts. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-35bb73c6fbaf4fd4937029a6eab22fe0 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1542-7390 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-09-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Space Weather |
| spelling | doaj-art-35bb73c6fbaf4fd4937029a6eab22fe02025-01-14T16:35:30ZengWileySpace Weather1542-73902024-09-01229n/an/a10.1029/2024SW003946Time‐Lagged Effects of Ionospheric Response to Severe Geomagnetic Storms on GNSS Kinematic Precise Point PositioningZhe Yang0Y. T. Jade Morton1College of Surveying and Geo‐Informatics Tongji University Shanghai ChinaSmead Aerospace Engineering Sciences Department University of Colorado Boulder CO USAAbstract This paper investigates time‐lag effects of ionospheric response to two severe geomagnetic storms (Kp = 8) on the degradation of kinematic precise point positioning (PPP) solutions, utilizing over 5500 Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) stations distributed worldwide. Focusing on these two severe geomagnetic storms that occurred during solar cycle 24, the study employs an open‐source positioning software package, namely RTKLIB, to derive the PPP solutions. The findings reveal significant variations in time lags across different magnetic latitudes. These variations are driven by ionospheric responses to a southward interplanetary magnetic field and subsequent decreases in the SMY‐H index during the 2015 St. Patrick's Day Storm and the 2017 September 7–8 Storm. Specifically, at high latitudes, PPP degradation primarily manifests during the main phase of the storm, resulting in delays spanning from several minutes to 1–2 hr after the sudden onset of the storm. In contrast, mid‐ and low latitudes exhibit a wider range of delays extending up to tens of hours. Notably, rapid positioning degradation is observed predominantly at the magnetic local time noon and midnight sectors. The study discusses these time lag effects concerning the intensity of various ionospheric disturbances triggered by the interactions among the solar wind, magnetosphere, and ionosphere during geomagnetic storms. The insights obtained from this research have the potential to be integrated into physics‐based and machine‐learning models to enhance forecasting capabilities of space weather impacts.https://doi.org/10.1029/2024SW003946geomagnetic stormionospheric disturbancesprecise point positioningtime lag |
| spellingShingle | Zhe Yang Y. T. Jade Morton Time‐Lagged Effects of Ionospheric Response to Severe Geomagnetic Storms on GNSS Kinematic Precise Point Positioning Space Weather geomagnetic storm ionospheric disturbances precise point positioning time lag |
| title | Time‐Lagged Effects of Ionospheric Response to Severe Geomagnetic Storms on GNSS Kinematic Precise Point Positioning |
| title_full | Time‐Lagged Effects of Ionospheric Response to Severe Geomagnetic Storms on GNSS Kinematic Precise Point Positioning |
| title_fullStr | Time‐Lagged Effects of Ionospheric Response to Severe Geomagnetic Storms on GNSS Kinematic Precise Point Positioning |
| title_full_unstemmed | Time‐Lagged Effects of Ionospheric Response to Severe Geomagnetic Storms on GNSS Kinematic Precise Point Positioning |
| title_short | Time‐Lagged Effects of Ionospheric Response to Severe Geomagnetic Storms on GNSS Kinematic Precise Point Positioning |
| title_sort | time lagged effects of ionospheric response to severe geomagnetic storms on gnss kinematic precise point positioning |
| topic | geomagnetic storm ionospheric disturbances precise point positioning time lag |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1029/2024SW003946 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT zheyang timelaggedeffectsofionosphericresponsetoseveregeomagneticstormsongnsskinematicprecisepointpositioning AT ytjademorton timelaggedeffectsofionosphericresponsetoseveregeomagneticstormsongnsskinematicprecisepointpositioning |