Horizontal Spatial Correlation of the Ionospheric Day‐To‐Day Variations at Low Latitudes Based on GOLD Nmax Data
Abstract Peak electron density data derived from GOLD measurements during 2018–2022 are used to analyze the magnitudes and correlations of ionospheric diurnal variability at low latitudes. The correlation distance describes the correlations between spatial locations and is defined in this paper as t...
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Wiley
2023-12-01
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| Series: | Space Weather |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1029/2023SW003627 |
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| author | Jiawen Chen Jiahao Zhong Yongqiang Hao Xin Wan Qiaoling Li Zijing Tang Xingyan Song Hao Han Kang Wang Jiawei Kuai Aojun Ren |
| author_facet | Jiawen Chen Jiahao Zhong Yongqiang Hao Xin Wan Qiaoling Li Zijing Tang Xingyan Song Hao Han Kang Wang Jiawei Kuai Aojun Ren |
| author_sort | Jiawen Chen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Peak electron density data derived from GOLD measurements during 2018–2022 are used to analyze the magnitudes and correlations of ionospheric diurnal variability at low latitudes. The correlation distance describes the correlations between spatial locations and is defined in this paper as the angular separation at which the correlation coefficient decreases from 1 to 0.7. Variations in correlation distance with local time, season, magnetic latitude, solar activity, and geomagnetic activity are discussed in this study. The average value of the zonal correlation distance is approximately 8.55° and 3.56° for the meridional direction at low geomagnetic latitudes (magnetic latitudes <30°). The statistical results indicate that both zonal and meridional correlation distances vary little with local time premidnight, while they show pronounced seasonal and latitudinal variations. Both zonal and meridional correlation distances increase with increasing solar activity and decrease with enhancing geomagnetic activity. The EIA strength and gradient mainly modulate the distributions of correlation distances related to magnetic latitude, season, and solar flux level. An empirical model is constructed to describe the temporal and spatial variations in the correlation distance at low latitudes. The study of correlation distances would contribute to a better understanding of ionospheric variability and improvements in data assimilation. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-339e77cfb0d043448f709503cf013c24 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1542-7390 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
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| series | Space Weather |
| spelling | doaj-art-339e77cfb0d043448f709503cf013c242025-01-14T16:30:45ZengWileySpace Weather1542-73902023-12-012112n/an/a10.1029/2023SW003627Horizontal Spatial Correlation of the Ionospheric Day‐To‐Day Variations at Low Latitudes Based on GOLD Nmax DataJiawen Chen0Jiahao Zhong1Yongqiang Hao2Xin Wan3Qiaoling Li4Zijing Tang5Xingyan Song6Hao Han7Kang Wang8Jiawei Kuai9Aojun Ren10Planetary Environmental and Astrobiological Research Laboratory (PEARL) School of Atmospheric Sciences Sun Yat‐sen University Zhuhai ChinaPlanetary Environmental and Astrobiological Research Laboratory (PEARL) School of Atmospheric Sciences Sun Yat‐sen University Zhuhai ChinaPlanetary Environmental and Astrobiological Research Laboratory (PEARL) School of Atmospheric Sciences Sun Yat‐sen University Zhuhai ChinaPlanetary Environmental and Astrobiological Research Laboratory (PEARL) School of Atmospheric Sciences Sun Yat‐sen University Zhuhai ChinaSchool of Petroleum China University of Petroleum‐Beijing at Karamay Karamay ChinaChengdu University of Information Technology Chengdu ChinaPlanetary Environmental and Astrobiological Research Laboratory (PEARL) School of Atmospheric Sciences Sun Yat‐sen University Zhuhai ChinaPlanetary Environmental and Astrobiological Research Laboratory (PEARL) School of Atmospheric Sciences Sun Yat‐sen University Zhuhai ChinaShanghai Radio Equipment Research Institute Shanghai ChinaCollege of Astronautics Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Nanjing ChinaPlanetary Environmental and Astrobiological Research Laboratory (PEARL) School of Atmospheric Sciences Sun Yat‐sen University Zhuhai ChinaAbstract Peak electron density data derived from GOLD measurements during 2018–2022 are used to analyze the magnitudes and correlations of ionospheric diurnal variability at low latitudes. The correlation distance describes the correlations between spatial locations and is defined in this paper as the angular separation at which the correlation coefficient decreases from 1 to 0.7. Variations in correlation distance with local time, season, magnetic latitude, solar activity, and geomagnetic activity are discussed in this study. The average value of the zonal correlation distance is approximately 8.55° and 3.56° for the meridional direction at low geomagnetic latitudes (magnetic latitudes <30°). The statistical results indicate that both zonal and meridional correlation distances vary little with local time premidnight, while they show pronounced seasonal and latitudinal variations. Both zonal and meridional correlation distances increase with increasing solar activity and decrease with enhancing geomagnetic activity. The EIA strength and gradient mainly modulate the distributions of correlation distances related to magnetic latitude, season, and solar flux level. An empirical model is constructed to describe the temporal and spatial variations in the correlation distance at low latitudes. The study of correlation distances would contribute to a better understanding of ionospheric variability and improvements in data assimilation.https://doi.org/10.1029/2023SW003627ionosphereGOLDcorrelation distanceday‐to‐day variationsEIAlow latitudes |
| spellingShingle | Jiawen Chen Jiahao Zhong Yongqiang Hao Xin Wan Qiaoling Li Zijing Tang Xingyan Song Hao Han Kang Wang Jiawei Kuai Aojun Ren Horizontal Spatial Correlation of the Ionospheric Day‐To‐Day Variations at Low Latitudes Based on GOLD Nmax Data Space Weather ionosphere GOLD correlation distance day‐to‐day variations EIA low latitudes |
| title | Horizontal Spatial Correlation of the Ionospheric Day‐To‐Day Variations at Low Latitudes Based on GOLD Nmax Data |
| title_full | Horizontal Spatial Correlation of the Ionospheric Day‐To‐Day Variations at Low Latitudes Based on GOLD Nmax Data |
| title_fullStr | Horizontal Spatial Correlation of the Ionospheric Day‐To‐Day Variations at Low Latitudes Based on GOLD Nmax Data |
| title_full_unstemmed | Horizontal Spatial Correlation of the Ionospheric Day‐To‐Day Variations at Low Latitudes Based on GOLD Nmax Data |
| title_short | Horizontal Spatial Correlation of the Ionospheric Day‐To‐Day Variations at Low Latitudes Based on GOLD Nmax Data |
| title_sort | horizontal spatial correlation of the ionospheric day to day variations at low latitudes based on gold nmax data |
| topic | ionosphere GOLD correlation distance day‐to‐day variations EIA low latitudes |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1029/2023SW003627 |
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