Differences of simulated ankle dorsiflexion limitation on lower extremity biomechanics during long jump takeoff
The long jump is an athletic event that demands speed, power, force application, and balance, with each phase being critical to overall performance. However, previous research has neglected the limiting effect of the wedge pedals on ankle dorsiflexion range of motion. This cross-sectional study inve...
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Elsevier
2025-01-01
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844024170405 |
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| author | Zanni Zhang Datao Xu Xiangli Gao Huiyu Zhou Julien S. Baker Zsolt Radak Yaodong Gu |
| author_facet | Zanni Zhang Datao Xu Xiangli Gao Huiyu Zhou Julien S. Baker Zsolt Radak Yaodong Gu |
| author_sort | Zanni Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The long jump is an athletic event that demands speed, power, force application, and balance, with each phase being critical to overall performance. However, previous research has neglected the limiting effect of the wedge pedals on ankle dorsiflexion range of motion. This cross-sectional study investigated biomechanical changes in the lower extremities during long jumps under varying degrees of ankle dorsiflexion. Thirty male Division II long jump athletes executed jumps under three conditions: no dorsiflexion, with 10° dorsiflexion restriction, and with 20° dorsiflexion restriction. A Vicon motion capture system with eight cameras and an AMTI force platform were used to collect biomechanical data simultaneously during the long jump. The angles, moments, and velocities of the ankle, hip, and knee joints during takeoff were simulated and calculated using a musculoskeletal model. Between-group variations were assessed using one-way repeated measures ANOVA, with statistical parametric mapping (SPM1D) applied for analysis. Results showed that as ankle restriction increased, vertical velocity gain increased: NW (3.34 ± 0.21 m/s), 10W (3.65 ± 0.14 m/s), and 20W (3.77 ± 0.12 m/s) (p < 0.001). Horizontal velocity loss was significantly higher only at 20W (p = 0.002). Peak extension angle, angular velocity, and power were highest at 10W for the knee and hip joints (p < 0.05). Joint forces at the ankle, knee, and hip were significantly affected by different pedal angles (p < 0.001). Athletes with a 10° ankle dorsiflexion limit showed increased vertical velocity with minimal horizontal velocity loss, potentially enhancing performance. This limit also increased muscle co-activation around the knee, possibly stabilizing it. Athletes should consider a 10° ankle dorsiflexion limit in training to improve performance and reduce injury risk. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2405-8440 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Heliyon |
| spelling | doaj-art-30ff30e889db4d06a89c09b9c463c6962025-01-17T04:49:59ZengElsevierHeliyon2405-84402025-01-01111e41009Differences of simulated ankle dorsiflexion limitation on lower extremity biomechanics during long jump takeoffZanni Zhang0Datao Xu1Xiangli Gao2Huiyu Zhou3Julien S. Baker4Zsolt Radak5Yaodong Gu6Faculty of Sport Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, ChinaFaculty of Sport Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China; Faculty of Engineering, University of Pannonia, Veszprem, 8201, HungaryFaculty of Sport Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, ChinaFaculty of Sport Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, ChinaFaculty of Sport Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China; Centre for Population Health and Medical Informatics, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, ChinaFaculty of Sport Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China; Research Institute of Sport Science, University of Physical Education, Budapest, 1123, HungaryFaculty of Sport Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China; Corresponding author.The long jump is an athletic event that demands speed, power, force application, and balance, with each phase being critical to overall performance. However, previous research has neglected the limiting effect of the wedge pedals on ankle dorsiflexion range of motion. This cross-sectional study investigated biomechanical changes in the lower extremities during long jumps under varying degrees of ankle dorsiflexion. Thirty male Division II long jump athletes executed jumps under three conditions: no dorsiflexion, with 10° dorsiflexion restriction, and with 20° dorsiflexion restriction. A Vicon motion capture system with eight cameras and an AMTI force platform were used to collect biomechanical data simultaneously during the long jump. The angles, moments, and velocities of the ankle, hip, and knee joints during takeoff were simulated and calculated using a musculoskeletal model. Between-group variations were assessed using one-way repeated measures ANOVA, with statistical parametric mapping (SPM1D) applied for analysis. Results showed that as ankle restriction increased, vertical velocity gain increased: NW (3.34 ± 0.21 m/s), 10W (3.65 ± 0.14 m/s), and 20W (3.77 ± 0.12 m/s) (p < 0.001). Horizontal velocity loss was significantly higher only at 20W (p = 0.002). Peak extension angle, angular velocity, and power were highest at 10W for the knee and hip joints (p < 0.05). Joint forces at the ankle, knee, and hip were significantly affected by different pedal angles (p < 0.001). Athletes with a 10° ankle dorsiflexion limit showed increased vertical velocity with minimal horizontal velocity loss, potentially enhancing performance. This limit also increased muscle co-activation around the knee, possibly stabilizing it. Athletes should consider a 10° ankle dorsiflexion limit in training to improve performance and reduce injury risk.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844024170405AnkleRange of motionLower extremityBiomechanicsJumping |
| spellingShingle | Zanni Zhang Datao Xu Xiangli Gao Huiyu Zhou Julien S. Baker Zsolt Radak Yaodong Gu Differences of simulated ankle dorsiflexion limitation on lower extremity biomechanics during long jump takeoff Heliyon Ankle Range of motion Lower extremity Biomechanics Jumping |
| title | Differences of simulated ankle dorsiflexion limitation on lower extremity biomechanics during long jump takeoff |
| title_full | Differences of simulated ankle dorsiflexion limitation on lower extremity biomechanics during long jump takeoff |
| title_fullStr | Differences of simulated ankle dorsiflexion limitation on lower extremity biomechanics during long jump takeoff |
| title_full_unstemmed | Differences of simulated ankle dorsiflexion limitation on lower extremity biomechanics during long jump takeoff |
| title_short | Differences of simulated ankle dorsiflexion limitation on lower extremity biomechanics during long jump takeoff |
| title_sort | differences of simulated ankle dorsiflexion limitation on lower extremity biomechanics during long jump takeoff |
| topic | Ankle Range of motion Lower extremity Biomechanics Jumping |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844024170405 |
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