Multiwave Structure of Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances Excited by the Tonga Volcanic Eruptions Observed by a Dense GNSS Network in China
Abstract We used dense global navigation satellite system data from China to track the propagation of traveling ionospheric disturbances (TIDs) triggered by the 2022 January 15 Tonga volcanic eruption. We identified two TIDs originating from the eruption. One, which has been reported widely by a num...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2023-02-01
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| Series: | Space Weather |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1029/2022SW003210 |
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| author | Xiaolin Li Feng Ding Xinan Yue Tian Mao Bo Xiong Qian Song |
| author_facet | Xiaolin Li Feng Ding Xinan Yue Tian Mao Bo Xiong Qian Song |
| author_sort | Xiaolin Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract We used dense global navigation satellite system data from China to track the propagation of traveling ionospheric disturbances (TIDs) triggered by the 2022 January 15 Tonga volcanic eruption. We identified two TIDs originating from the eruption. One, which has been reported widely by a number of recent investigations, had a velocity of ∼361 m/s. However, another long‐distance propagating TID with a velocity of ∼264 m/s has not been widely discussed. The velocities of these TIDs coincide with previous simulation results of gravity‐wave L0 and L1 modes. We propose that these TIDs were caused by the L0 and L1 ducted modes of gravity waves excited by the volcanic eruption. However, the L1 mode is usually negligible due to its weak amplitude in comparison with that of the L0 mode. The enormous energy release resulted in a stronger amplitude of the L1 mode, which induced a detectable TID in the ionosphere. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-2df8f0788b14434ca8db5b28a5e6773c |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1542-7390 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Space Weather |
| spelling | doaj-art-2df8f0788b14434ca8db5b28a5e6773c2025-01-14T16:31:24ZengWileySpace Weather1542-73902023-02-01212n/an/a10.1029/2022SW003210Multiwave Structure of Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances Excited by the Tonga Volcanic Eruptions Observed by a Dense GNSS Network in ChinaXiaolin Li0Feng Ding1Xinan Yue2Tian Mao3Bo Xiong4Qian Song5Key Laboratory of Earth and Planetary Physics Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing ChinaKey Laboratory of Earth and Planetary Physics Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing ChinaKey Laboratory of Earth and Planetary Physics Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing ChinaKey Laboratory of Space Weather National Satellite Meteorological Center (National Center for Space Weather) China Meteorological Administration Beijing ChinaSchool of Mathematics and Physics North China Electric Power University Baoding ChinaKey Laboratory of Space Weather National Satellite Meteorological Center (National Center for Space Weather) China Meteorological Administration Beijing ChinaAbstract We used dense global navigation satellite system data from China to track the propagation of traveling ionospheric disturbances (TIDs) triggered by the 2022 January 15 Tonga volcanic eruption. We identified two TIDs originating from the eruption. One, which has been reported widely by a number of recent investigations, had a velocity of ∼361 m/s. However, another long‐distance propagating TID with a velocity of ∼264 m/s has not been widely discussed. The velocities of these TIDs coincide with previous simulation results of gravity‐wave L0 and L1 modes. We propose that these TIDs were caused by the L0 and L1 ducted modes of gravity waves excited by the volcanic eruption. However, the L1 mode is usually negligible due to its weak amplitude in comparison with that of the L0 mode. The enormous energy release resulted in a stronger amplitude of the L1 mode, which induced a detectable TID in the ionosphere.https://doi.org/10.1029/2022SW003210GNSSTECTID |
| spellingShingle | Xiaolin Li Feng Ding Xinan Yue Tian Mao Bo Xiong Qian Song Multiwave Structure of Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances Excited by the Tonga Volcanic Eruptions Observed by a Dense GNSS Network in China Space Weather GNSS TEC TID |
| title | Multiwave Structure of Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances Excited by the Tonga Volcanic Eruptions Observed by a Dense GNSS Network in China |
| title_full | Multiwave Structure of Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances Excited by the Tonga Volcanic Eruptions Observed by a Dense GNSS Network in China |
| title_fullStr | Multiwave Structure of Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances Excited by the Tonga Volcanic Eruptions Observed by a Dense GNSS Network in China |
| title_full_unstemmed | Multiwave Structure of Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances Excited by the Tonga Volcanic Eruptions Observed by a Dense GNSS Network in China |
| title_short | Multiwave Structure of Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances Excited by the Tonga Volcanic Eruptions Observed by a Dense GNSS Network in China |
| title_sort | multiwave structure of traveling ionospheric disturbances excited by the tonga volcanic eruptions observed by a dense gnss network in china |
| topic | GNSS TEC TID |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1029/2022SW003210 |
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