Spatial and Temporal Confinement of the Ionospheric Responses During the St. Patrick's Day Storm of March 2015
Abstract The present study provides a multi‐instrument analysis of the ionospheric response to the effects of the St. Patrick's Day storm of 17–18 March 2015. Simultaneous observations from 85 global positioning system stations and multiple satellites along the past observations from the litera...
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| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2022-09-01
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| Series: | Space Weather |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1029/2022SW003157 |
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| author | Sk Samin Kader N. Dashora K. Niranjan |
| author_facet | Sk Samin Kader N. Dashora K. Niranjan |
| author_sort | Sk Samin Kader |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract The present study provides a multi‐instrument analysis of the ionospheric response to the effects of the St. Patrick's Day storm of 17–18 March 2015. Simultaneous observations from 85 global positioning system stations and multiple satellites along the past observations from the literature survey are utilized to ascertain the spatio‐temporal confinements between −20°E and 150°E longitudes. The main results include longitudinal differences in the episodic equatorward expansions of the auroral oval which is shown to relate with varying high‐latitude Joule heating and equatorward wind surges at different local times. The zonal movement of equatorial ion density depletions from initially east to west followed by a sluggish westward pattern on the night of 17 March is observed. The zonal movement is found to be better explained by the longitudinally decreasing impact of the disturbance dynamo in the nightside. The enhancements in total electron content during morning on 17 March are observed over mid‐latitudes, which are found to move equatorward in the noon time. These enhancements could be associated with the enhanced O density bulge resulting from the thermospheric expansion during the main phase. A daytime sustained and confined electron density depletion between about 100°E and 170°E is observed on 18 March which is being discussed in detail for the first time. Interestingly, large longitudinal differences are observed in the response of the disturbance dynamo, including no observable effect during morning (−20°E–20°E) but dominant afternoon and westward progression during the day of 18 March. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-2942dfb3a175428f9b87e83740e43c43 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1542-7390 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Space Weather |
| spelling | doaj-art-2942dfb3a175428f9b87e83740e43c432025-01-14T16:31:13ZengWileySpace Weather1542-73902022-09-01209n/an/a10.1029/2022SW003157Spatial and Temporal Confinement of the Ionospheric Responses During the St. Patrick's Day Storm of March 2015Sk Samin Kader0N. Dashora1K. Niranjan2National Atmospheric Research Laboratory Gadanki IndiaNational Atmospheric Research Laboratory Gadanki IndiaDepartment of Physics Andhra University Visakhapatnam IndiaAbstract The present study provides a multi‐instrument analysis of the ionospheric response to the effects of the St. Patrick's Day storm of 17–18 March 2015. Simultaneous observations from 85 global positioning system stations and multiple satellites along the past observations from the literature survey are utilized to ascertain the spatio‐temporal confinements between −20°E and 150°E longitudes. The main results include longitudinal differences in the episodic equatorward expansions of the auroral oval which is shown to relate with varying high‐latitude Joule heating and equatorward wind surges at different local times. The zonal movement of equatorial ion density depletions from initially east to west followed by a sluggish westward pattern on the night of 17 March is observed. The zonal movement is found to be better explained by the longitudinally decreasing impact of the disturbance dynamo in the nightside. The enhancements in total electron content during morning on 17 March are observed over mid‐latitudes, which are found to move equatorward in the noon time. These enhancements could be associated with the enhanced O density bulge resulting from the thermospheric expansion during the main phase. A daytime sustained and confined electron density depletion between about 100°E and 170°E is observed on 18 March which is being discussed in detail for the first time. Interestingly, large longitudinal differences are observed in the response of the disturbance dynamo, including no observable effect during morning (−20°E–20°E) but dominant afternoon and westward progression during the day of 18 March.https://doi.org/10.1029/2022SW003157geomagnetic stormauroral ovalperturbation electric field and windscomposition changestotal electron contentequatorial irregularities |
| spellingShingle | Sk Samin Kader N. Dashora K. Niranjan Spatial and Temporal Confinement of the Ionospheric Responses During the St. Patrick's Day Storm of March 2015 Space Weather geomagnetic storm auroral oval perturbation electric field and winds composition changes total electron content equatorial irregularities |
| title | Spatial and Temporal Confinement of the Ionospheric Responses During the St. Patrick's Day Storm of March 2015 |
| title_full | Spatial and Temporal Confinement of the Ionospheric Responses During the St. Patrick's Day Storm of March 2015 |
| title_fullStr | Spatial and Temporal Confinement of the Ionospheric Responses During the St. Patrick's Day Storm of March 2015 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Spatial and Temporal Confinement of the Ionospheric Responses During the St. Patrick's Day Storm of March 2015 |
| title_short | Spatial and Temporal Confinement of the Ionospheric Responses During the St. Patrick's Day Storm of March 2015 |
| title_sort | spatial and temporal confinement of the ionospheric responses during the st patrick s day storm of march 2015 |
| topic | geomagnetic storm auroral oval perturbation electric field and winds composition changes total electron content equatorial irregularities |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1029/2022SW003157 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT sksaminkader spatialandtemporalconfinementoftheionosphericresponsesduringthestpatricksdaystormofmarch2015 AT ndashora spatialandtemporalconfinementoftheionosphericresponsesduringthestpatricksdaystormofmarch2015 AT kniranjan spatialandtemporalconfinementoftheionosphericresponsesduringthestpatricksdaystormofmarch2015 |