Isolation and Characterization of <i>Bacillus</i> Strains from Egyptian Mangroves: Exploring Their Endophytic Potential in Maize for Biological Control of <i>Spodoptera frugiperda</i>
The widespread use of pesticides to manage <i>Spodoptera frugiperda</i> has led to significant challenges. This insect has developed resistance to 47 active insecticide ingredients. Therefore, endophytic entomopathogenic bacteria have been explored as an alternative pest management strat...
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| author | Hayam M. Fathy Mona Awad Nawal A. Alfuhaid El-Desoky S. Ibrahim Moataz A. M. Moustafa Ayatollah S. El-Zayat |
| author_facet | Hayam M. Fathy Mona Awad Nawal A. Alfuhaid El-Desoky S. Ibrahim Moataz A. M. Moustafa Ayatollah S. El-Zayat |
| author_sort | Hayam M. Fathy |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The widespread use of pesticides to manage <i>Spodoptera frugiperda</i> has led to significant challenges. This insect has developed resistance to 47 active insecticide ingredients. Therefore, endophytic entomopathogenic bacteria have been explored as an alternative pest management strategy, offering the potential to reduce reliance on chemical pesticides. The current study aims to evaluate the colonization potential of indigenous marine <i>Bacillus</i> strains as endophytes in maize plants and to assess their insecticidal activity against <i>S. frugiperda</i>. Four inoculation methods—foliar application, seed treatment, soil drenching, and a combination of all three—were used to establish the <i>Bacillus</i> strains as endophytes in maize plants. Our results showed that the promising native <i>Bacillus</i> strains exhibited both antibacterial and insecticidal effects against <i>S. frugiperda</i> neonates under laboratory conditions. Foliar application of <i>Bacillus</i> sp. Esh39 caused the highest mortality rate (65%), followed by <i>Bacillus tequilensis</i> R39 (60%). However, this method did not significantly enhance plant height or chlorophyll content. The potential of these native <i>Bacillus</i> strains warrants further investigation to improve biological control via endophytic mediation. Our findings provide valuable insights into the bacterial diversity and functionality of mangrove ecosystems and pave the way for innovative, sustainable insect management strategies. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-28ca824c6df94e3090294fec47e74a0a |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2079-7737 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biology |
| spelling | doaj-art-28ca824c6df94e3090294fec47e74a0a2024-12-27T14:12:09ZengMDPI AGBiology2079-77372024-12-011312105710.3390/biology13121057Isolation and Characterization of <i>Bacillus</i> Strains from Egyptian Mangroves: Exploring Their Endophytic Potential in Maize for Biological Control of <i>Spodoptera frugiperda</i>Hayam M. Fathy0Mona Awad1Nawal A. Alfuhaid2El-Desoky S. Ibrahim3Moataz A. M. Moustafa4Ayatollah S. El-Zayat5Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza 12613, EgyptDepartment of Economic Entomology and Pesticides, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza 12613, EgyptDepartment of Biology, College of Science and Humanities, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Economic Entomology and Pesticides, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza 12613, EgyptDepartment of Economic Entomology and Pesticides, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza 12613, EgyptDepartment of Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza 12613, EgyptThe widespread use of pesticides to manage <i>Spodoptera frugiperda</i> has led to significant challenges. This insect has developed resistance to 47 active insecticide ingredients. Therefore, endophytic entomopathogenic bacteria have been explored as an alternative pest management strategy, offering the potential to reduce reliance on chemical pesticides. The current study aims to evaluate the colonization potential of indigenous marine <i>Bacillus</i> strains as endophytes in maize plants and to assess their insecticidal activity against <i>S. frugiperda</i>. Four inoculation methods—foliar application, seed treatment, soil drenching, and a combination of all three—were used to establish the <i>Bacillus</i> strains as endophytes in maize plants. Our results showed that the promising native <i>Bacillus</i> strains exhibited both antibacterial and insecticidal effects against <i>S. frugiperda</i> neonates under laboratory conditions. Foliar application of <i>Bacillus</i> sp. Esh39 caused the highest mortality rate (65%), followed by <i>Bacillus tequilensis</i> R39 (60%). However, this method did not significantly enhance plant height or chlorophyll content. The potential of these native <i>Bacillus</i> strains warrants further investigation to improve biological control via endophytic mediation. Our findings provide valuable insights into the bacterial diversity and functionality of mangrove ecosystems and pave the way for innovative, sustainable insect management strategies.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/13/12/1057colonizationendophyte bacteriainsecticidal activitymarine <i>Bacillus</i> strainsthe fall armyworm |
| spellingShingle | Hayam M. Fathy Mona Awad Nawal A. Alfuhaid El-Desoky S. Ibrahim Moataz A. M. Moustafa Ayatollah S. El-Zayat Isolation and Characterization of <i>Bacillus</i> Strains from Egyptian Mangroves: Exploring Their Endophytic Potential in Maize for Biological Control of <i>Spodoptera frugiperda</i> Biology colonization endophyte bacteria insecticidal activity marine <i>Bacillus</i> strains the fall armyworm |
| title | Isolation and Characterization of <i>Bacillus</i> Strains from Egyptian Mangroves: Exploring Their Endophytic Potential in Maize for Biological Control of <i>Spodoptera frugiperda</i> |
| title_full | Isolation and Characterization of <i>Bacillus</i> Strains from Egyptian Mangroves: Exploring Their Endophytic Potential in Maize for Biological Control of <i>Spodoptera frugiperda</i> |
| title_fullStr | Isolation and Characterization of <i>Bacillus</i> Strains from Egyptian Mangroves: Exploring Their Endophytic Potential in Maize for Biological Control of <i>Spodoptera frugiperda</i> |
| title_full_unstemmed | Isolation and Characterization of <i>Bacillus</i> Strains from Egyptian Mangroves: Exploring Their Endophytic Potential in Maize for Biological Control of <i>Spodoptera frugiperda</i> |
| title_short | Isolation and Characterization of <i>Bacillus</i> Strains from Egyptian Mangroves: Exploring Their Endophytic Potential in Maize for Biological Control of <i>Spodoptera frugiperda</i> |
| title_sort | isolation and characterization of i bacillus i strains from egyptian mangroves exploring their endophytic potential in maize for biological control of i spodoptera frugiperda i |
| topic | colonization endophyte bacteria insecticidal activity marine <i>Bacillus</i> strains the fall armyworm |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/13/12/1057 |
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