The Influence of Electrode Impedance on the Parameters of Visual Evoked Potentials
The choice of a proper electrode is determined mainly by the type of examination. For recording spontaneous activity of the brain (EEG), two types of reusable electrodes should be considered, i.e., cup (Au, Ag, Ag/AgCl) and sintered bridge electrodes (SBEs) with a gold or silver pin. In the case of...
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MDPI AG
2025-01-01
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| author | Joanna Górecka |
| author_facet | Joanna Górecka |
| author_sort | Joanna Górecka |
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| description | The choice of a proper electrode is determined mainly by the type of examination. For recording spontaneous activity of the brain (EEG), two types of reusable electrodes should be considered, i.e., cup (Au, Ag, Ag/AgCl) and sintered bridge electrodes (SBEs) with a gold or silver pin. In the case of evoked potentials (EPs), only cup electrodes are used. To test the effect of electrode choice on the parameters of evoked potentials, twenty reusable electrodes of each type, i.e., Au, Ag, Ag/AgCl, were used to record visual evoked potentials (VEPs). The electrodes were then further tested by the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) method. The presented research confirms the existence of an effect of the number of examinations performed with the same set of reusable cup electrodes on the values of the VEP parameters. A prolongation of the latencies and variability in the amplitudes for all the individual VEP components were observed. The obtained results suggest possible advantages of using reusable cup electrodes only once. An alternative to these electrodes may be solutions based on materials composed of polymers or dry electrodes. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-2840d2dda1cc4645b9a3e683a49738d1 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj-art-2840d2dda1cc4645b9a3e683a49738d12025-01-10T13:15:19ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172025-01-0115136910.3390/app15010369The Influence of Electrode Impedance on the Parameters of Visual Evoked PotentialsJoanna Górecka0Department of Systems, Signals and Electronic Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, 70310 Szczecin, PolandThe choice of a proper electrode is determined mainly by the type of examination. For recording spontaneous activity of the brain (EEG), two types of reusable electrodes should be considered, i.e., cup (Au, Ag, Ag/AgCl) and sintered bridge electrodes (SBEs) with a gold or silver pin. In the case of evoked potentials (EPs), only cup electrodes are used. To test the effect of electrode choice on the parameters of evoked potentials, twenty reusable electrodes of each type, i.e., Au, Ag, Ag/AgCl, were used to record visual evoked potentials (VEPs). The electrodes were then further tested by the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) method. The presented research confirms the existence of an effect of the number of examinations performed with the same set of reusable cup electrodes on the values of the VEP parameters. A prolongation of the latencies and variability in the amplitudes for all the individual VEP components were observed. The obtained results suggest possible advantages of using reusable cup electrodes only once. An alternative to these electrodes may be solutions based on materials composed of polymers or dry electrodes.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/1/369electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS)reusable cup electrodesvisual evoked potential (VEP) |
| spellingShingle | Joanna Górecka The Influence of Electrode Impedance on the Parameters of Visual Evoked Potentials Applied Sciences electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) reusable cup electrodes visual evoked potential (VEP) |
| title | The Influence of Electrode Impedance on the Parameters of Visual Evoked Potentials |
| title_full | The Influence of Electrode Impedance on the Parameters of Visual Evoked Potentials |
| title_fullStr | The Influence of Electrode Impedance on the Parameters of Visual Evoked Potentials |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Influence of Electrode Impedance on the Parameters of Visual Evoked Potentials |
| title_short | The Influence of Electrode Impedance on the Parameters of Visual Evoked Potentials |
| title_sort | influence of electrode impedance on the parameters of visual evoked potentials |
| topic | electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) reusable cup electrodes visual evoked potential (VEP) |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/1/369 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT joannagorecka theinfluenceofelectrodeimpedanceontheparametersofvisualevokedpotentials AT joannagorecka influenceofelectrodeimpedanceontheparametersofvisualevokedpotentials |