Chain effect of lifecourse reproductive characteristics and body fat and muscle on cardiovascular disease in women: a Mendelian randomization study

Abstract Background Delineating the causal chain effects of reproductive traits and fat- and muscle-related traits on cardiovascular disease (CVD) is essential for optimizing precision prevention and control of cardiovascular health in women. Methods In this study, we applied the two-sample Mendelia...

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Main Authors: Dong Liu, Chun Dou, Chaojie Ye, Lijie Kong, Zheng Zhu, Mingling Chen, Jie Zheng, Min Xu, Yu Xu, Mian Li, Zhiyun Zhao, Jieli Lu, Yuhong Chen, Guang Ning, Weiqing Wang, Yufang Bi, Tiange Wang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-04-01
Series:Cardiovascular Diabetology
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12933-025-02681-0
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