RNA Modifications in Pathogenic Viruses: Existence, Mechanism, and Impacts
RNA modification is a key posttranscriptional process playing various biological roles, and one which has been reported to exist extensively in cellular RNAs. Interestingly, recent studies have shown that viral RNAs also contain a variety of RNA modifications, which are regulated dynamically by host...
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MDPI AG
2024-11-01
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| author | Yingying Zou Zhoule Guo Xing-Yi Ge Ye Qiu |
| author_facet | Yingying Zou Zhoule Guo Xing-Yi Ge Ye Qiu |
| author_sort | Yingying Zou |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | RNA modification is a key posttranscriptional process playing various biological roles, and one which has been reported to exist extensively in cellular RNAs. Interestingly, recent studies have shown that viral RNAs also contain a variety of RNA modifications, which are regulated dynamically by host modification machinery and play critical roles in different stages of the viral life cycle. In this review, we summarize the reports of four typical modifications reported on viral RNAs, including N6-methyladenosine (m6A), 5-methylcytosine (m5C), N4-acetylcytosine (ac4C), and N1-methyladenosine (m1A), describe the molecular mechanisms of these modification processes, and illustrate their impacts on viral replication, pathogenicity, and innate immune responses. Notably, we find that RNA modifications in different viruses share some common features and mechanisms in their generation, regulation, and function, highlighting the potential for viral RNA modifications and the related host machinery to serve as the targets or bases for the development of antiviral therapeutics and vaccines. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-21f8d7a7dce84d268fdd52c39c36c8ae |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2076-2607 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Microorganisms |
| spelling | doaj-art-21f8d7a7dce84d268fdd52c39c36c8ae2024-11-26T18:15:09ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072024-11-011211237310.3390/microorganisms12112373RNA Modifications in Pathogenic Viruses: Existence, Mechanism, and ImpactsYingying Zou0Zhoule Guo1Xing-Yi Ge2Ye Qiu3Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Virology, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410012, ChinaHunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Virology, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410012, ChinaHunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Virology, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410012, ChinaHunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Virology, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410012, ChinaRNA modification is a key posttranscriptional process playing various biological roles, and one which has been reported to exist extensively in cellular RNAs. Interestingly, recent studies have shown that viral RNAs also contain a variety of RNA modifications, which are regulated dynamically by host modification machinery and play critical roles in different stages of the viral life cycle. In this review, we summarize the reports of four typical modifications reported on viral RNAs, including N6-methyladenosine (m6A), 5-methylcytosine (m5C), N4-acetylcytosine (ac4C), and N1-methyladenosine (m1A), describe the molecular mechanisms of these modification processes, and illustrate their impacts on viral replication, pathogenicity, and innate immune responses. Notably, we find that RNA modifications in different viruses share some common features and mechanisms in their generation, regulation, and function, highlighting the potential for viral RNA modifications and the related host machinery to serve as the targets or bases for the development of antiviral therapeutics and vaccines.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/12/11/2373RNA modificationviral RNAN6-methyladenosine5-methylcytosineN4-acetylcytosineN1-methyladenosine |
| spellingShingle | Yingying Zou Zhoule Guo Xing-Yi Ge Ye Qiu RNA Modifications in Pathogenic Viruses: Existence, Mechanism, and Impacts Microorganisms RNA modification viral RNA N6-methyladenosine 5-methylcytosine N4-acetylcytosine N1-methyladenosine |
| title | RNA Modifications in Pathogenic Viruses: Existence, Mechanism, and Impacts |
| title_full | RNA Modifications in Pathogenic Viruses: Existence, Mechanism, and Impacts |
| title_fullStr | RNA Modifications in Pathogenic Viruses: Existence, Mechanism, and Impacts |
| title_full_unstemmed | RNA Modifications in Pathogenic Viruses: Existence, Mechanism, and Impacts |
| title_short | RNA Modifications in Pathogenic Viruses: Existence, Mechanism, and Impacts |
| title_sort | rna modifications in pathogenic viruses existence mechanism and impacts |
| topic | RNA modification viral RNA N6-methyladenosine 5-methylcytosine N4-acetylcytosine N1-methyladenosine |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/12/11/2373 |
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