Performance evaluation of downflow hanging sponge–upflow sludge blanket system for Oreochromis niloticus–Brassica oleracea aquaponic system
Maintaining low nitrate concentrations in aquaponic systems is crucial for improving water quality and maximizing the growth efficiency of fish and vegetables. Downflow hanging sponge (DHS) and upflow sludge blanket (USB) reactors have shown potential for wastewater treatment, but their use in aquap...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Elsevier
2025-09-01
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| Series: | Water Science and Engineering |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674237025000298 |
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