Energy saving and low carbon oriented renovation framework for educational buildings with Tianjin University case study

Abstract Modern educational buildings often meet daylighting needs via higher window-to-wall ratios, yet this may cause excessive solar radiation and increased air-conditioning energy consumption. Amid global low - carbon and sustainable development, the energy efficiency and low-carbon design of ed...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Xinge Du, Xiang Liu, Feng Gao, Zhihua Zhou
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-08-01
Series:Scientific Reports
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-14687-5
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