Engineering Conductive Hydrogels with Tissue‐like Properties: A 3D Bioprinting and Enzymatic Polymerization Approach

Hydrogels are promising materials for medical devices interfacing with neural tissues due to their similar mechanical properties. Traditional hydrogel‐based bio‐interfaces lack sufficient electrical conductivity, relying on low ionic conductivity, which limits signal transduction distance. Conductin...

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Main Authors: Changbai Li, Sajjad Naeimipour, Fatemeh Rasti Boroojeni, Tobias Abrahamsson, Xenofon Strakosas, Yangpeiqi Yi, Rebecka Rilemark, Caroline Lindholm, Venkata K. Perla, Chiara Musumeci, Yuyang Li, Hanne Biesmans, Marios Savvakis, Eva Olsson, Klas Tybrandt, Mary J. Donahue, Jennifer Y. Gerasimov, Robert Selegård, Magnus Berggren, Daniel Aili, Daniel T. Simon
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley-VCH 2024-11-01
Series:Small Science
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1002/smsc.202400290
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author Changbai Li
Sajjad Naeimipour
Fatemeh Rasti Boroojeni
Tobias Abrahamsson
Xenofon Strakosas
Yangpeiqi Yi
Rebecka Rilemark
Caroline Lindholm
Venkata K. Perla
Chiara Musumeci
Yuyang Li
Hanne Biesmans
Marios Savvakis
Eva Olsson
Klas Tybrandt
Mary J. Donahue
Jennifer Y. Gerasimov
Robert Selegård
Magnus Berggren
Daniel Aili
Daniel T. Simon
author_facet Changbai Li
Sajjad Naeimipour
Fatemeh Rasti Boroojeni
Tobias Abrahamsson
Xenofon Strakosas
Yangpeiqi Yi
Rebecka Rilemark
Caroline Lindholm
Venkata K. Perla
Chiara Musumeci
Yuyang Li
Hanne Biesmans
Marios Savvakis
Eva Olsson
Klas Tybrandt
Mary J. Donahue
Jennifer Y. Gerasimov
Robert Selegård
Magnus Berggren
Daniel Aili
Daniel T. Simon
author_sort Changbai Li
collection DOAJ
description Hydrogels are promising materials for medical devices interfacing with neural tissues due to their similar mechanical properties. Traditional hydrogel‐based bio‐interfaces lack sufficient electrical conductivity, relying on low ionic conductivity, which limits signal transduction distance. Conducting polymer hydrogels offer enhanced ionic and electronic conductivities and biocompatibility but often face challenges in processability and require aggressive polymerization methods. Herein, we demonstrate in situ enzymatic polymerization of π‐conjugated monomers in a hyaluronan (HA)‐based hydrogel bioink to create cell‐compatible, electrically conductive hydrogel structures. These structures were fabricated using 3D bioprinting of HA‐based bioinks loaded with conjugated monomers, followed by enzymatic polymerization via horseradish peroxidase. This process increased the hydrogels’ stiffness from about 0.6 to 1.5 kPa and modified their electroactivity. The components and polymerization process were well‐tolerated by human primary dermal fibroblasts and PC12 cells. This work presents a novel method to fabricate cytocompatible and conductive hydrogels suitable for bioprinting. These hybrid materials combine tissue‐like mechanical properties with mixed ionic and electronic conductivity, providing new ways to use electricity to influence cell behavior in a native‐like microenvironment.
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spelling doaj-art-0e7ea82d9a494d00b9dc6fa0a6937ece2024-11-11T15:33:38ZengWiley-VCHSmall Science2688-40462024-11-01411n/an/a10.1002/smsc.202400290Engineering Conductive Hydrogels with Tissue‐like Properties: A 3D Bioprinting and Enzymatic Polymerization ApproachChangbai Li0Sajjad Naeimipour1Fatemeh Rasti Boroojeni2Tobias Abrahamsson3Xenofon Strakosas4Yangpeiqi Yi5Rebecka Rilemark6Caroline Lindholm7Venkata K. Perla8Chiara Musumeci9Yuyang Li10Hanne Biesmans11Marios Savvakis12Eva Olsson13Klas Tybrandt14Mary J. Donahue15Jennifer Y. Gerasimov16Robert Selegård17Magnus Berggren18Daniel Aili19Daniel T. Simon20Laboratory of Organic Electronics Department of Science and Technology Linköping University 60174 Norrköping SwedenLaboratory of Molecular Materials Division of Biophysics and Bioengineering Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology Linköping University 58183 Linköping SwedenLaboratory of Molecular Materials Division of Biophysics and Bioengineering Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology Linköping University 58183 Linköping SwedenLaboratory of Organic Electronics Department of Science and Technology Linköping University 60174 Norrköping SwedenLaboratory of Organic Electronics Department of Science and Technology Linköping University 60174 Norrköping SwedenLaboratory of Organic Electronics Department of Science and Technology Linköping University 60174 Norrköping SwedenDepartment of Physics Chalmers University of Technology 41296 Göteborg SwedenLaboratory of Organic Electronics Department of Science and Technology Linköping University 60174 Norrköping SwedenLaboratory of Organic Electronics Department of Science and Technology Linköping University 60174 Norrköping SwedenLaboratory of Organic Electronics Department of Science and Technology Linköping University 60174 Norrköping SwedenLaboratory of Organic Electronics Department of Science and Technology Linköping University 60174 Norrköping SwedenLaboratory of Organic Electronics Department of Science and Technology Linköping University 60174 Norrköping SwedenLaboratory of Organic Electronics Department of Science and Technology Linköping University 60174 Norrköping SwedenDepartment of Physics Chalmers University of Technology 41296 Göteborg SwedenLaboratory of Organic Electronics Department of Science and Technology Linköping University 60174 Norrköping SwedenLaboratory of Organic Electronics Department of Science and Technology Linköping University 60174 Norrköping SwedenLaboratory of Organic Electronics Department of Science and Technology Linköping University 60174 Norrköping SwedenLaboratory of Molecular Materials Division of Biophysics and Bioengineering Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology Linköping University 58183 Linköping SwedenLaboratory of Organic Electronics Department of Science and Technology Linköping University 60174 Norrköping SwedenLaboratory of Molecular Materials Division of Biophysics and Bioengineering Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology Linköping University 58183 Linköping SwedenLaboratory of Organic Electronics Department of Science and Technology Linköping University 60174 Norrköping SwedenHydrogels are promising materials for medical devices interfacing with neural tissues due to their similar mechanical properties. Traditional hydrogel‐based bio‐interfaces lack sufficient electrical conductivity, relying on low ionic conductivity, which limits signal transduction distance. Conducting polymer hydrogels offer enhanced ionic and electronic conductivities and biocompatibility but often face challenges in processability and require aggressive polymerization methods. Herein, we demonstrate in situ enzymatic polymerization of π‐conjugated monomers in a hyaluronan (HA)‐based hydrogel bioink to create cell‐compatible, electrically conductive hydrogel structures. These structures were fabricated using 3D bioprinting of HA‐based bioinks loaded with conjugated monomers, followed by enzymatic polymerization via horseradish peroxidase. This process increased the hydrogels’ stiffness from about 0.6 to 1.5 kPa and modified their electroactivity. The components and polymerization process were well‐tolerated by human primary dermal fibroblasts and PC12 cells. This work presents a novel method to fabricate cytocompatible and conductive hydrogels suitable for bioprinting. These hybrid materials combine tissue‐like mechanical properties with mixed ionic and electronic conductivity, providing new ways to use electricity to influence cell behavior in a native‐like microenvironment.https://doi.org/10.1002/smsc.2024002903D printingcell scaffoldconducting polymerin vitropolymerization
spellingShingle Changbai Li
Sajjad Naeimipour
Fatemeh Rasti Boroojeni
Tobias Abrahamsson
Xenofon Strakosas
Yangpeiqi Yi
Rebecka Rilemark
Caroline Lindholm
Venkata K. Perla
Chiara Musumeci
Yuyang Li
Hanne Biesmans
Marios Savvakis
Eva Olsson
Klas Tybrandt
Mary J. Donahue
Jennifer Y. Gerasimov
Robert Selegård
Magnus Berggren
Daniel Aili
Daniel T. Simon
Engineering Conductive Hydrogels with Tissue‐like Properties: A 3D Bioprinting and Enzymatic Polymerization Approach
Small Science
3D printing
cell scaffold
conducting polymer
in vitro
polymerization
title Engineering Conductive Hydrogels with Tissue‐like Properties: A 3D Bioprinting and Enzymatic Polymerization Approach
title_full Engineering Conductive Hydrogels with Tissue‐like Properties: A 3D Bioprinting and Enzymatic Polymerization Approach
title_fullStr Engineering Conductive Hydrogels with Tissue‐like Properties: A 3D Bioprinting and Enzymatic Polymerization Approach
title_full_unstemmed Engineering Conductive Hydrogels with Tissue‐like Properties: A 3D Bioprinting and Enzymatic Polymerization Approach
title_short Engineering Conductive Hydrogels with Tissue‐like Properties: A 3D Bioprinting and Enzymatic Polymerization Approach
title_sort engineering conductive hydrogels with tissue like properties a 3d bioprinting and enzymatic polymerization approach
topic 3D printing
cell scaffold
conducting polymer
in vitro
polymerization
url https://doi.org/10.1002/smsc.202400290
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