Evaluation using artificial intelligence shows post pandemic differences in oral reading fluency between Brazilian public and private school students

Abstract The investigation into differences in academic achievement between private and public school students has long been a focal point. The aim of this study was to compare oral reading fluency between private and public schools in the post-pandemic period. A total of 1296 participants were recr...

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Main Authors: Thiago Wendt Viola, Mônica Timm de Carvalho, Rita Carolina Pozzer Krumenauer Padoin, Adriana Justin Cerveira Kampff, Alexandre Vontobel Padoin
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-08-01
Series:Scientific Reports
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-15644-y
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author Thiago Wendt Viola
Mônica Timm de Carvalho
Rita Carolina Pozzer Krumenauer Padoin
Adriana Justin Cerveira Kampff
Alexandre Vontobel Padoin
author_facet Thiago Wendt Viola
Mônica Timm de Carvalho
Rita Carolina Pozzer Krumenauer Padoin
Adriana Justin Cerveira Kampff
Alexandre Vontobel Padoin
author_sort Thiago Wendt Viola
collection DOAJ
description Abstract The investigation into differences in academic achievement between private and public school students has long been a focal point. The aim of this study was to compare oral reading fluency between private and public schools in the post-pandemic period. A total of 1296 participants were recruited from various Brazilian cities, spanning from the 2nd to the 5th grade of elementary school. Utilizing an artificial intelligence Universal Language Model from the Azure SST platform, the audio files were analyzed reflecting the commonly spoken language in Portuguese, generating data on words read correctly per minute (WRCM), the percentage of correct words over incorrect words (PCW), average consecutive correct words (CCW), and average silence time between sentences (SBS). Statistical analysis involved linear mixed models followed by pairwise comparisons. The private school segment outperformed the public school segment in WRCM in the 4th grade and in PCW in the 3rd grade. Additionally, private schools were already reaching 5th-grade levels in WRCM during the 4th grade, and this effect was not evident within public schools. No differences were found regarding SBS and CCW. These findings highlight that differences between public and private schools concerning reading fluency may manifest during the early stages of elementary school.
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spelling doaj-art-05bdc4e3ed374ca4a89e8191a1bdadd42025-08-20T04:03:17ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-08-011511910.1038/s41598-025-15644-yEvaluation using artificial intelligence shows post pandemic differences in oral reading fluency between Brazilian public and private school studentsThiago Wendt Viola0Mônica Timm de Carvalho1Rita Carolina Pozzer Krumenauer Padoin2Adriana Justin Cerveira Kampff3Alexandre Vontobel Padoin4Graduate Program in Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande Do Sul (PUCRS)Graduate Program in Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande Do Sul (PUCRS)Graduate Program in Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande Do Sul (PUCRS)Graduate Program in Education, Polytechnic School, PUCRSGraduate Program in Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande Do Sul (PUCRS)Abstract The investigation into differences in academic achievement between private and public school students has long been a focal point. The aim of this study was to compare oral reading fluency between private and public schools in the post-pandemic period. A total of 1296 participants were recruited from various Brazilian cities, spanning from the 2nd to the 5th grade of elementary school. Utilizing an artificial intelligence Universal Language Model from the Azure SST platform, the audio files were analyzed reflecting the commonly spoken language in Portuguese, generating data on words read correctly per minute (WRCM), the percentage of correct words over incorrect words (PCW), average consecutive correct words (CCW), and average silence time between sentences (SBS). Statistical analysis involved linear mixed models followed by pairwise comparisons. The private school segment outperformed the public school segment in WRCM in the 4th grade and in PCW in the 3rd grade. Additionally, private schools were already reaching 5th-grade levels in WRCM during the 4th grade, and this effect was not evident within public schools. No differences were found regarding SBS and CCW. These findings highlight that differences between public and private schools concerning reading fluency may manifest during the early stages of elementary school.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-15644-yReading fluencyPublic schoolPrivate schoolLearning outcomesArtificial intelligence
spellingShingle Thiago Wendt Viola
Mônica Timm de Carvalho
Rita Carolina Pozzer Krumenauer Padoin
Adriana Justin Cerveira Kampff
Alexandre Vontobel Padoin
Evaluation using artificial intelligence shows post pandemic differences in oral reading fluency between Brazilian public and private school students
Scientific Reports
Reading fluency
Public school
Private school
Learning outcomes
Artificial intelligence
title Evaluation using artificial intelligence shows post pandemic differences in oral reading fluency between Brazilian public and private school students
title_full Evaluation using artificial intelligence shows post pandemic differences in oral reading fluency between Brazilian public and private school students
title_fullStr Evaluation using artificial intelligence shows post pandemic differences in oral reading fluency between Brazilian public and private school students
title_full_unstemmed Evaluation using artificial intelligence shows post pandemic differences in oral reading fluency between Brazilian public and private school students
title_short Evaluation using artificial intelligence shows post pandemic differences in oral reading fluency between Brazilian public and private school students
title_sort evaluation using artificial intelligence shows post pandemic differences in oral reading fluency between brazilian public and private school students
topic Reading fluency
Public school
Private school
Learning outcomes
Artificial intelligence
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-15644-y
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