Prognostic impact of aetiology in adult hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis: insights from an intensive care unit experience
Background: Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a rare, life-threatening hyperinflammatory syndrome marked by excessive immune activation. It can be triggered by various factors, including infections, malignancies, and autoimmune diseases, making the diagnosis challenging due to its overlap...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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SMC MEDIA SRL
2024-12-01
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| Series: | European Journal of Case Reports in Internal Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://www.ejcrim.com/index.php/EJCRIM/article/view/5040 |
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| author | Rita Noversa de Sousa Andreia Sá Lima Susana Viana Filipa Guimarães Marta Pereira Luís Miguel Afonso |
| author_facet | Rita Noversa de Sousa Andreia Sá Lima Susana Viana Filipa Guimarães Marta Pereira Luís Miguel Afonso |
| author_sort | Rita Noversa de Sousa |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a rare, life-threatening hyperinflammatory syndrome marked by excessive immune activation. It can be triggered by various factors, including infections, malignancies, and autoimmune diseases, making the diagnosis challenging due to its overlap with other severe conditions.
Case reports: We discuss two intensive care unit (ICU) cases illustrating the diverse manifestations of HLH and the critical importance of early recognition and treatment. The first case involves natural killer-cell leukaemia, and the second, a suspected viral trigger. Both highlight the necessity of a multidisciplinary approach in diagnosis and management, emphasizing the complexity of HLH in ICU settings.
Conclusions: High mortality rates, particularly in malignancy-associated HLH, underscore the importance of tailored treatment strategies based on the underlying aetiology. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-039b93b0dd6e4420b7934751b231d717 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2284-2594 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | SMC MEDIA SRL |
| record_format | Article |
| series | European Journal of Case Reports in Internal Medicine |
| spelling | doaj-art-039b93b0dd6e4420b7934751b231d7172025-01-07T13:40:28ZengSMC MEDIA SRLEuropean Journal of Case Reports in Internal Medicine2284-25942024-12-0110.12890/2024_0050404575Prognostic impact of aetiology in adult hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis: insights from an intensive care unit experienceRita Noversa de Sousa0Andreia Sá Lima1Susana Viana2Filipa Guimarães3Marta Pereira4Luís Miguel Afonso5Internal Medicine Service, Pedro Hispano Hospital, Matosinhos Local Health Unit, Matosinhos, PortugalInternal Medicine Service, Pedro Hispano Hospital, Matosinhos Local Health Unit, Matosinhos, PortugalInternal Medicine Service, Pedro Hispano Hospital, Matosinhos Local Health Unit, Matosinhos, PortugalIntensive Care Unit, Pedro Hispano Hospital, Matosinhos Local Health Unit, Matosinhos, PortugalIntensive Care Unit, Pedro Hispano Hospital, Matosinhos Local Health Unit, Matosinhos, PortugalIntensive Care Unit, Pedro Hispano Hospital, Matosinhos Local Health Unit, Matosinhos, PortugalBackground: Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a rare, life-threatening hyperinflammatory syndrome marked by excessive immune activation. It can be triggered by various factors, including infections, malignancies, and autoimmune diseases, making the diagnosis challenging due to its overlap with other severe conditions. Case reports: We discuss two intensive care unit (ICU) cases illustrating the diverse manifestations of HLH and the critical importance of early recognition and treatment. The first case involves natural killer-cell leukaemia, and the second, a suspected viral trigger. Both highlight the necessity of a multidisciplinary approach in diagnosis and management, emphasizing the complexity of HLH in ICU settings. Conclusions: High mortality rates, particularly in malignancy-associated HLH, underscore the importance of tailored treatment strategies based on the underlying aetiology.https://www.ejcrim.com/index.php/EJCRIM/article/view/5040hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosisepstein-barr virusnk-leukemiaorganizing pneumoniaviral infections |
| spellingShingle | Rita Noversa de Sousa Andreia Sá Lima Susana Viana Filipa Guimarães Marta Pereira Luís Miguel Afonso Prognostic impact of aetiology in adult hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis: insights from an intensive care unit experience European Journal of Case Reports in Internal Medicine hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis epstein-barr virus nk-leukemia organizing pneumonia viral infections |
| title | Prognostic impact of aetiology in adult hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis: insights from an intensive care unit experience |
| title_full | Prognostic impact of aetiology in adult hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis: insights from an intensive care unit experience |
| title_fullStr | Prognostic impact of aetiology in adult hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis: insights from an intensive care unit experience |
| title_full_unstemmed | Prognostic impact of aetiology in adult hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis: insights from an intensive care unit experience |
| title_short | Prognostic impact of aetiology in adult hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis: insights from an intensive care unit experience |
| title_sort | prognostic impact of aetiology in adult hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis insights from an intensive care unit experience |
| topic | hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis epstein-barr virus nk-leukemia organizing pneumonia viral infections |
| url | https://www.ejcrim.com/index.php/EJCRIM/article/view/5040 |
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