PPAR-α regulates metabolic remodelling and participates in myocardial fibrosis in patients with atrial fibrillation of rheumatic heart disease by Xiaoying Hu, Daisong Jiang, Zheng Zhang, Zhenmei An

“…The changes of phenotype transformation of myocardial fibroblasts were detected by cellular immunofluorescence, the secretion level of supernatant collagen was detected by ELISA. Finally, the correlation between PPAR-α protein expression and myocardial fibrosis was analysed and a conclusion was drawn. …”
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Notch1 Signaling Regulates the Th17/Treg Immune Imbalance in Patients with Psoriasis Vulgaris by Lei Ma, HaiBo Xue, Tianqin Gao, MeiLan Gao, YuJie Zhang

“…DAPT treatment resulted in the obvious downregulation of Th17 cell percentage in cocultured CD4+ T cells, RORγt and IL-17 mRNA levels, and IL-17 concentration in cell-free supernatant from cocultured CD4+ T cells of PV patients in a dose-dependent manner, while there was no significant influence on Treg cell percentage, Foxp3, and IL-10 expression, therefore leading to the recovery of Th17/Treg immune imbalance. …”
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Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) in lupus nephritis and beyond by Elisabet Svenungsson, Iva Gunnarsson, Andreas Jönsen, Ting Wang, Anders A Bengtsson, Christian Lood, Marina Barguil Macedo

“…NGAL levels were measured in supernatant from IC-stimulated neutrophils in the presence or absence of a toll-like receptor 8 inhibitor (TLR8i).Results In the exploratory cohort, serum levels of NGAL were increased in patients with SLE as compared with healthy controls (p=0.021), and associated with histological-proven membranoproliferative lupus nephritis (LN) (p=0.018). …”
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Elevation of Circulating miR-210 Participates in the Occurrence and Development of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Its Complications by Xi Chen, Feng Tian, Zhilian Sun, Guoqing Zeng, Ping Tang

“…In addition, compared with normal cells, high glucose increased the miR-210 level in exosomes from cell culture supernatants as well as cells in HUVEC, VSMC, RAW 264.7, 3 T3-L1, SMC, and Beta-TC-6 cells, while it reduced the expression of ChREBP and HIF-1α. …”
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EZH2 Might Affect Macrophage Chemotaxis and Anti-Inflammatory Factors by Regulating CCL2 in Dental Pulp Inflammation by Ziqi Hu, Yingyi Chen, Jie He, He Liu, Tianqian Hui

“…And the chemotactic activity of macrophages exposed to supernatants of EZH2-treated HDPCs could be inhibited by CCL2 inhibition. …”
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HIV-specific antibodies capable of ADCC are common in breastmilk and are associated with reduced risk of transmission in women with high viral loads. by Jennifer Mabuka, Ruth Nduati, Katherine Odem-Davis, Dylan Peterson, Julie Overbaugh

“…We found that NAbs against the subtype A heterologous virus and/or the woman's autologous viruses were rare in IgG and IgA purified from breast milk supernatant (BMS)--only 4 of 19 women had any detectable NAb activity against either virus. …”
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Release of Type 2 Cytokines by Epithelial Cells of Nasal Polyps by Monica Boita, Caterina Bucca, Giuseppe Riva, Enrico Heffler, Giovanni Rolla

“…IL-25, IL-33, and TSLP were measured by ELISA in the supernatant of cell cultures derived by CRSwNP (9 patients, 6 atopic) and CRSsNP (7 patients, 2 atopic) in baseline condition and following stimulation with Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (DP), Aspergillus fumigatus (AF), and poly(I:C). …”
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Activity trypsin-like proteinases and intestinal mucosa collagen degradation at gastro-intestinal diseases by О. E. Akbasheva, V. A. Burkovskaya, A. E. Dehand, E. I. Beloborodova, L. A. Akimova, E. L. Naumova, E. A. Kvach

“…Sixty patients with ulcerative colitis, 42 – with Crohn’s disease, 18 - with irritable bowel syndrome and 30 practically healthy persons were investigated. A supernatant, obtained from biopsy specimens of intestinal mucosa, was used for assessment of biochemical parameters. …”
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Laboratory investigation of high-temperature functional characterization of organo-modified nanoclay-enhanced bitumen by Hazratullah Paktin, M. Kumar, V. Vinayaka Ram, Siksha Swaroopa Kar

“…SEM images, viscosity, and the Superpave rutting parameter (G*/sinδ) indicated that OMNC up to 8 % disperses well in the bitumen matrix. …”
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Silver nanoparticles coated with metabolites of Pseudomonas sp. N5.12 inhibit bacterial pathogens and fungal phytopathogens by Svitlana Plokhovska, Ana García-Villaraco, Jose Antonio Lucas, Francisco Javier Gutierrez-Mañero, Beatriz Ramos-Solano

“…N5.12 occurred with 24 h bacterial metabolites, temperature of 37 °C, pH 9 and a ratio of 2:4 (v: v; bacterial supernatant: 1 mM AgNO3). The biosynthesized AgNP inhibited growth of human pathogenic bacteria better than equivalent AgNO3 concentration. …”
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Improvement of Bacteriocin Production by Natural Zeolite and Detection of Antibacterial Activity of Leuconostoc carnosum Purified Carnosin by Haneen A. Ibrahim, Intesar N. Khelkal, Yusra M. Muhsin

“…The active peptide was purified from the cell-free supernatant of Leuconostoc carnosum in three processes: (1) Ammonium sulfate for precipitation with 40-60% saturation (2) ion-exchange chromatography (3) gel filtration chromatography. …”
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Succinate Supplement Elicited “Pseudohypoxia” Condition to Promote Proliferation, Migration, and Osteogenesis of Periodontal Ligament Cells by Huimin Mao, Andi Yang, Yunhe Zhao, Lang Lei, Houxuan Li

“…Culturing hPDLCs in hypoxia condition promoted cell proliferation, migration, and osteogenic differentiation; moreover, hypoxia shifted cell metabolism from oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis with accumulation of succinate in the cytosol and its release into culture supernatants. The succinate supplement enhanced hPDLC proliferation, migration, and osteogenesis with decreased succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) expression and activity, as well as increased hexokinase 2 (HK2) and 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-biphosphatase 3 (PFKFB3), suggesting metabolic reprogramming from oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis in a normal oxygen condition. …”
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The Effect of IL-35 on the Expression of Nasal Epithelial-Derived Proinflammatory Cytokines by Mingrong Nie, Qingxiang Zeng, Luo Xi, Yiquan Tang, Renzhong Luo, Wenlong Liu

“…The expression of IL-33, IL-25, TSLP, eotaxin-1, eotaxin-2, and eotaxin-3 from supernatant was measured using real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). …”
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Interplay between circulating von Willebrand factor and neutrophils: implications for inflammation, neutrophil function, and von Willebrand factor clearance by Alua Kuanyshbek, Hamideh Yadegari, Jens Müller, Nasim Shahidi Hamedani, Samhitha Urs Ramaraje, Johannes Oldenburg

“…This was supported by a significant decrease in VWF antigen levels in the supernatant of cells after stimulation. Moreover, stimulated neutrophils exposed to purified plasma-derived VWF exhibited elevated expression of neutrophil surface markers CD45 and CD66b, indicative of altered neutrophil function related to cell adhesion, migration, and phagocytosis. …”
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A simple, highly sensitive and specific serological test for the detection of antibodies to Varicella-zoster virus (<i>Varicellovirus humanalpha3</i>) by Firaya G. Nagieva, Elena P. Barkova, Olga S. Kharchenko, Alexander V. Sidorov, Galina I. Alatortseva, Bogdan S. Cherepovich, Yulia N. Tarakanova, Olga A. Trubacheva, Evgeny A. Pashkov, Artem A. Rtishchev, Oksana A. Svitich, Vitaly V. Zverev

“…Formalin-treated erythrocytes of sheep, chickens and goats, sensibilised with GP of VZV from a virus-containing supernatant were used for PHAR. Results. Cell cultures with the maximum cytopathic effect at VZV infection were selected. …”
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Illicium verum Extract and Trans-Anethole Attenuate Ovalbumin-Induced Airway Inflammation via Enhancement of Foxp3+ Regulatory T Cells and Inhibition of Th2 Cytokines in Mice by Yoon-Young Sung, Seung-Hyung Kim, Dong-Seon Kim, Ji-eun Lee, Ho Kyoung Kim

“…IVE and AET reduced IL-4 and increased IFN-γ production in the supernatant of splenocyte cultures (p<0.05). Histological studies showed that IVE and AET inhibited eosinophilia and lymphocyte infiltration in lungs (p<0.01). …”
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Abnormal Expression of DICER1 Leads to Dysregulation of Inflammatory Effectors in Human Synoviocytes by Congshan Jiang, Jing Xu, Wenhua Zhu, Yongsong Cai, Si Wang, Yuanxu Guo, Ke Xu, Manman Geng, Nazim Hussain, Yan Han, Fujun Zhang, Qilan Ning, Liesu Meng, Shemin Lu

“…Secondly, the increase of IL-8 and decrease of TGF-β1 and TIMP1 were determined in the supernatant derived from DICER1 siRNA-treated cells, while DICER1 overexpression was found capable to reverse this effect. …”
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Reduced Presence of SARS-CoV-2 microRNA-like Small RNA in the Serum of Patients with Post-Acute Sequelae SARS-CoV-2 Infection by Maria Alfreda Stincarelli, Isabella Abbate, Giulia Matusali, Michele Tanturli, Marta Camici, Rosaria Arvia, Elisabetta Lazzari, Eleonora Cimini, Alessandra Vergori, Fabrizio Maggi, Simone Giannecchini

“…Initially, it was demonstrated that three previously identified SARS-CoV-2 miRNA-like small RNAs, specifically svRNA 1 and 2 and miR-07a, were significantly expressed in infected cells in vitro and released into the supernatant following infection by different SARS-CoV-2 variants. …”
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Bile acids in the lower airways is associated with airway microbiota changes in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: an observational study by Peter A B Wark, Siobhain Mulrennan, Stephen Stick, Yuben P Moodley, Kristy S Nichol, Jose A Caparros-Martin, Montserrat Saladié, S Patricia Agudelo-Romero, F Jerry Reen, Fergal O’Gara

“…BAs were profiled and quantified in BAL supernatants using mass spectrometry. Microbial DNA was extracted from BAL pellets and quantified using quantitative PCR. …”
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Serum Levels of IL-1β, IL-6, TGF-β, and MMP-9 in Patients Undergoing Carotid Artery Stenting and Regulation of MMP-9 in a New In Vitro Model of THP-1 Cells Activated by Stenting by Rongrong Zhang, Fan Jiang, Cindy Si Chen, Tianzhu Wang, Jinzhou Feng, Tao Tao, Xinyue Qin

“…Second, we established a new in vitro model, where THP-1 monocytes were treated with the supernatants of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) that were scratched by pipette tips, which mimics monocytes activated by mechanical injury of stenting. …”
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