When Plasma Streams Tie up Equatorial Plasma Irregularities with Auroral Ones by Irina Zakharenkova, Iurii Cherniak

“…The channels of poleward‐streaming plasma depletions were stretched from low‐latitude base toward higher latitudes—they are found to occur for geomagnetic storms under specific combination of steady southward interplanetary magnetic field, subauroral polarization streams (SAPS) electric fields, and enhanced westward drifts at midlatitudes, resulting in northwestward plasma transportation equatorward of the SAPS region. …”
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Spatial Variations in PAHs and Nitro-PAHs Bound to Total Suspended Solids in Urban Locations in Taiwan by Hsin-Chieh Kung, Bo-Wun Huang, Justus Kavita Mutuku, Guo-Ping Chang-Chien

“…The concentrations of PAHs and nitro-PAHs bound to TSP increased southward, whereby the mean ∑TSP-bound PAHs were 723.2 pg m−3, 1633 pg m−3 and 1810 pg m−3, while ∑TSP-bound nitro-PAHs were 50 pg m−3, 107 pg m−3, and 209 pg m−3, for the study area A in Tainan, B in north Kaohsiung, and C, in south Kaohsiung, respectively. …”
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Habitat Assessment for the Spiny Red Gurnard <i>Chelidonichthys spinosus</i> Using Habitat Suitability Index in the East China Sea and Southern Yellow Sea by Hanye Zhang, Zunlei Liu, Xiaojing Song, Jiahua Cheng, Jianzhong Ling

“…The spatial distribution and the centroid of the HSI revealed that <i>C. spinosus</i> exhibits a seasonal southward and southwestward migratory pattern throughout the year. …”
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Worst‐Case Severe Environments for Surface Charging Observed at LANL Satellites as Dependent on Solar Wind and Geomagnetic Conditions by N. Yu Ganushkina, B. Swiger, S. Dubyagin, J.‐C. Matéo‐Vélez, M. W. Liemohn, A. Sicard, D. Payan

“…The presence of a substorm with the southward turning pattern in IMF Bz indicates that the environment can be severe for surface charging to occur but this environment will not depend on whether a substorm was moderate or intense. …”
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Magnetic Signatures of Ionospheric Disturbance Dynamo for CME and HSSWs Generated Storms by Waqar Younas, C. Amory‐Mazaudier, Majid Khan, M. Le Huy

“…It has been found that during CME generated storms magnetic signature of Ddyn may be observed—depending on strength of the storm as well as on the duration of interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) Bz southward—in one, two or all three longitudes. The Oscillatory behavior of IMF Bz during the high‐speed solar wind streams (HSSWs) generates Ddyn globally and the corresponding effects are observed at all low latitude magnetic observatories. …”
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Simulated Effects of Cropland Expansion on Summer Climate in Eastern China in the Last Three Centuries by Quansheng Ge, Jingyun Zheng, Xuezhen Zhang, Fanneng He

“…Conversely, in the middle to lower reaches of the Yellow River and the Yangtze River, the grid-scale rainfall decreased because the climatological northward wind, which is moist and warm, was partially offset by a southward wind anomaly. These findings suggest that the agricultural development left footprints not only on the present climate but also on the historical climate changes before the industrial revolution.…”
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Recent and future variability of the ice-sheet catchment of Sermeq Kujalleq (Jakobshavn Isbræ), Greenland by Anja Løkkegaard, William Colgan, Andy Aschwanden, Shfaqat Abbas Khan

“…The mean catchment area of a 13-member ISMIP6 ensemble shows temporal variation, increasing $\sim [ 2.7,\; \, 5.7,\; \, 9.1] \%$ under three ocean forcing scenarios and a RCP8.5 projection based on one GCM from 2015 to 2100, primarily as the southern catchment boundary migrates southward. This is interpreted as Sermeq Kujalleq exhibiting dynamic piracy, re-directing ice away from adjacent land terminating glaciers. …”
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Numerical Simulations of the Geospace Response to the Arrival of an Idealized Perfect Interplanetary Coronal Mass Ejection by Daniel T. Welling, Jeffrey J. Love, E. Joshua Rigler, Denny M. Oliveira, Colin M. Komar, Steven K. Morley

“…However, results diverge away from the equator. dB/dt values in excess of 30 nT/s are found as low as 40° magnetic latitude. Under southward interplanetary magnetic field conditions, magnetopause erosion combines with strong region one Birkeland currents to intensify the dB/dt response. …”
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Ionospheric Response to the Coronal Hole Activity of August 2020: A Global Multi‐Instrumental Overview by Waqar Younas, Majid Khan, C. Amory‐Mazaudier, P. O. Amaechi

“…On the storm day (2 August), a steady southward directed interplanetary magnetic field Bz caused the penetration of magnetospheric convection electric field and positive storm effect in daytime sectors. …”
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Bifurcations in a Nonlinear Dynamical Model between Western Pacific Subtropical High Ridge Line Index and Its Summer Monsoon Impact Factors by Mei Hong, Ren Zhang, Longxia Qian, Jingjing Ge, Jian Chen

“…The mutation behavior from high-value to low-value equilibriums of the SHRL in summer corresponds with the southward drop of the SHRL. The combination behavior of the two steady equilibriums corresponds with disappearance of the “double-ridge” phenomenon of WPSH. …”
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The Growth of Ring Current/SYM‐H Under Northward IMF Bz Conditions Present During the 21–22 January 2005 Geomagnetic Storm by Diptiranjan Rout, S. Patra, S. Kumar, D. Chakrabarty, G. D. Reeves, C. Stolle, K. Pandey, S. Chakraborty, E. A. Spencer

“…Abstract The total energy transfer from the solar wind to the magnetosphere is governed by the reconnection rate at the magnetosphere edges as the Z‐component of interplanetary magnetic field (IMF Bz) turns southward. The geomagnetic storm on 21–22 January 2005 is considered to be anomalous as the SYM‐H index that signifies the strength of ring current, decreases and had a sustained trough value of −101 nT lasting more than 6 hr under northward IMF Bz conditions. …”
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On the Ionospheric Disturbances in New Zealand and Australia Following the Eruption of the Hunga Tonga‐Hunga Ha'apai Volcano on 15 January 2022 by Peng Chen, Mingzhu Xiong, Rong Wang, Yibin Yao, Fucai Tang, Hao Chen, Liangcai Qiu

“…Still, the anomalous propagation velocities are more significant than in New Zealand, indicating that the Lamb waves excited by the eruption of the HTHH submarine volcano are directional in propagation speed; westward travels faster than southward. This finding will provide more references for scholars to study the mechanism and characteristics of anomaly propagation.…”
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Simulating the Tone River eastward diversion project in Japan carried out 4 centuries ago by J. Trošelj, J. Trošelj, N. Hanasaki

“…The river originally flowed southward, entering Tokyo Bay, but the Tone River eastward diversion project (TREDP) in the 17th century and many later projects changed the flow route to that of today. …”
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The Dependence of Cold and Hot Patches on Local Plasma Transport and Particle Precipitation in Northern Hemisphere Winter by Duan Zhang, Qing‐He Zhang, Y.‐Z. Ma, Kjellmar Oksavik, L. R. Lyons, Zan‐Yang Xing, Marc Hairston, Z.‐X. Deng, J.‐J. Liu

“…(c) enhanced anti‐sunward flow (E × B drift) mainly contributes to cold patch occurrence under Bz < 0, and soft‐electron precipitation contributes to hot patch occurrence both under southward and northward IMF.…”
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Multi-scenario territorial spatial simulation and dynamic changes: A case study of Jilin Province in China from 1985 to 2030 by Shi Dan, Liu Xuan, Jin Jing, Wan Daiji, Chen Baolong, Liu Jiping

“…The change of the center of gravity of LS is mainly concentrated in Changchun, and its center of gravity is shifting southward. The center of gravity of ES moves more sharply, first to the northwest and then gradually to the southeast. (3) Under the natural development scenario in 2030, the territorial spatial area fluctuation is mainly in the north of Songyuan City, central Jilin City, and the north of Changchun City. …”
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Frequency anomalies and characteristics of extratropical cyclones during extremely wet, dry, windy, and calm seasons in the extratropics by H. Binder, H. Wernli

“…Positive anomalies in both cyclone frequency and intensity are found in the southern North Atlantic during winter, which suggests that windy winters in this region occur during southward shifts in the position of the main storm track. …”
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Averting War in Northeast Asia: A Proposal by Mel Gurtov

“…One consequence is a reorientation of Japan's defense strategy southward, in the direction of the Senkakus (Diaoyutai). …”
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Climatic Background and Prediction of Boreal Winter PM2.5 Concentrations in Hubei Province, China by Yuanyue Huang, Zijun Tang, Zhengxuan Yuan, Qianqian Zhang

“…For the atmospheric pattern anomalies over Hubei Province, the North Atlantic SST mode (NA) promotes the southward intrusion of northerlies, while the Northwest Pacific (NWP) and South Pacific (SPC) SST modes enhance wet deposition through increased precipitation, showing a negative correlation with DJF-HBPMC. …”
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Chemical and Noble Gas Isotope Compositions of Formation Gases from a 3 km Deep Scientific Borehole in the Koyna Seismogenic Zone, Western India by Nagaraju Podugu, Satrughna Mishra, Thomas Wiersberg, Sukanta Roy

“…The helium concentrations are consistent with those previously observed over the surface fissures near Kadoli, suggesting a southward extension of the Donichawadi fault zone up to the KFD1 site and confirming that the fault zone is permeable even after 50 years of the 1967 Koyna earthquake. 3He/4He ratios of eleven gas samples fall between 0.426±0.022 and 0.912±0.059 Ra, with 4He/20Ne values between 0.3449±0.0091 and 0.751±0.020. …”
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Influences of Solar Wind Parameters on Energetic Electron Fluxes at Geosynchronous Orbit Revealed by the Deep SHAP Method by Jianhang Wang, Zheng Xiang, Binbin Ni, Deyu Guo, Yangxizi Liu, Junhu Dong, Jingle Hu, Haozhi Guo

“…The results suggest that high solar wind speed and southward IMF BZ (high dynamic pressures) facilitate increases (decreases) of electron fluxes. …”
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