Unveiling the power of language models in chemical research question answering by Xiuying Chen, Tairan Wang, Taicheng Guo, Kehan Guo, Juexiao Zhou, Haoyang Li, Zirui Song, Xin Gao, Xiangliang Zhang

“…Experiments show that Large Language Models (LLMs) still have significant room for improvement in the field of chemistry. …”
Get full text

Universal patching method for side-channel vulnerabilities based on atomic obfuscation by Deqing ZOU, Pan ZHANG, Wei LIU, Weijie CHEN, Yifan LU

“…Executing code containing side-channel vulnerabilities exhibits different non-functional behaviors related to inputs.Attackers can obtain these behaviors by leveraging micro architecture side-channel attacks and then analyze the pattern between the behaviors and the inputs to access sensitive data.Vulnerability repairing at the software layer brings low overheads to a program’s execution.Besides, it does not require modifying hardware or system, which enables fast patching and widespread deployment.It becomes the mainstream strategy applied to the current cryptographic implementations.However, existing solutions are deeply bound to the program’s implementation and requires manual intervention.This brings challenge to implement and is not versatile enough.A general patching method was proposed for side-channel vulnerabilities that combined dynamic obfuscated execution with hardware atomic transaction.To hide the real accesses of the side-channel vulnerabilities of a program, the proposed method inserted dynamic confusing accesses into the vulnerabilities.To avoid an attacker using fine-grained side-channel attack to distinguish the real access and the confusing access, both of them were encapsulated as transactions and they were guaranteed to be uninterrupted during the running period.In addition, a prototype system called SC-Patcher was implemented based on the LLVM compiler.Various optimization strategies were supported, including secure springboard and transaction aggregation, to further improve system security and performance.Experimental results show that the proposed method makes it impossible for an attacker to restore accurate sensitive data through side-channel attack, and it also brings almost no additional performance overhead to the program.…”
Get full text

ChatGPT and oral cancer: a study on informational reliability by Mesude Çi̇ti̇r

“…Abstract Background Artificial intelligence (AI) and large language models (LLMs) like ChatGPT have transformed information retrieval, including in healthcare. …”
Get full text

Air Pollution and COPD: Unveiling Hidden Risks of Mortality, Mechanical Ventilation, and Prolonged Hospitalization by Jovan Javorac, Dejan Živanović, Miroslav Ilić, Ana Milenković, Emilija Vujičić, Dragica Kovačević, Jelena Zvekić-Svorcan, Darko Mikić, Svetlana Stojkov, Jasminka Bačevac Eminović, Marija Jevtić

“…Distributed lag non-linear models (DLNMs) revealed significant associations between rising air pollutant levels and some unfavorable outcomes. …”
Get full text

Comportamiento de la mortalidad en la provincia Cienfuegos. 2013-2015 by Ling Denisse Santeiro Pérez, María Lina Valdés Gómez, José Aurelio Díaz Quiñones, Julio César Díaz Marrero, Leticia Castro Morejón

“…Las enfermedades crónicas no trasmisibles fueron las que mayor número de muertes aportaron, hecho que llama la atención sobre la necesidad de mantener la vigilancia sobre estas.…”
Get full text

Una flâneuse disidente en la farmacopornomegalópolis. Promiscuidad, amor y ciudad en Plástico cruel de Jóse Sbarra by Atilio Raul Rubino

“…Me centro fundamentalmente en la figura de una de sus protagonistas, Bombón, prostituta travesti que se autodenomina como “puta y poeta”, para indagar cómo se desarma una supuesta oposición que establece diferentes status, uno elevado para la poesía y uno degradado para la sexualidad y la materialidad, llevando adelante una desterritorialización de la poesía así como de las zonas corporales y los espacios urbanos de lo que Paul B. Preciado llama farmacopornomegalópolis. Bombón deviene así una resignificación del flâneur moderno en el contexto de la instauración de una identidad gay que, según Perlongher, al intentar ampliar el ámbito de la normalidad arrojaba a los bordes de lo humano a nuevos excluidos como la travesti, la loca o el chongo. …”
Get full text

Leveraging Non-Parametric Reasoning With Large Language Models for Enhanced Knowledge Graph Completion by Ying Zhang, Yangpeng Shen, Gang Xiao, Jinghui Peng

“…Experimental results demonstrate that CBR-LLM excels in handling complex reasoning tasks and large-scale data-missing scenarios, providing an efficient and scalable solution for knowledge graph completion.…”
Get full text

Treatment time and learning curve analysis of 1.5 T MR-Linac workflows led by radiation oncologists or therapists by J.M. Westerhoff, F.J. Raaijmakers, L.A. Daamen, E.N. de Groot-van Breugel, L.T.C. Meijers, J.R.N. van der Voort van Zyp, J.J.C. Verhoeff, S. Mook, H.M. Verkooijen, M.P.W. Intven

“…Mean total treatment time was 39 (±7), 15 (±2), 34 (±8), 41 (±11), and 40 (±7) minutes for ATS-treated prostate cancer, ATP-treated prostate cancer, ATS-treated pelvic lymph node metstasis (LNM), ATS-treated abdominal LNM and ATS-treated rectal cancer, respectively. …”
Get full text

Risk factors for lateral pelvic lymph node metastasis in patients with rectal neuroendocrine tumors: a systematic review and meta-analysis by Ziyue Chen, Dajian Zhu

“…The overall results showed that a WHO grade > G1, tumor invasion of the muscularis propria or deeper, lymphovascular invasion (LVI), mesorectal lymph node metastasis (MLNM), and distant metastasis (M1) were significant risk factors for LPLN metastasis in patients with RNETs (P <0.05).ConclusionThis study identified key risk factors for LPLN metastasis in patients with RNETs, providing guidance for treatment strategies. …”
Get full text

Automated speech therapy through personalized pronunciation correction using reinforcement learning and large language models by Ritika Lakshminarayanan, Ayesha Shaik, Ananthakrishnan Balasundaram

“…This study introduces a novel AI-powered system that integrates Reinforcement Learning (RL) and Large Language Models (LLMs) to address these limitations. The system employs a custom Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) algorithm for precise pronunciation evaluation and an Large Language Models to deliver detailed, encouraging, and user-specific feedback. …”
Get full text

Modelling of High-Velocity Impact on Woven Carbon Fibre-Reinforced Plastic Laminate by Nenad Djordjevic, Rade Vignjevic, Kevin Hughes, Tom De Vuyst

“…The constitutive model was implemented into Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) DYNA3D nonlinear hydrocode. Simulation results were validated against post-impact experimental data of spherical projectile impact on an aerospace-grade woven CFRP composite panel. …”
Get full text

Me vs. the machine? Subjective evaluations of human- and AI-generated advice by Merrick R. Osborne, Erica R. Bailey

“…In the present research, we complement these findings by documenting the performance of LLMs in the personal advice domain. In addition, we shift the focus in a new direction—exploring how interacting with AI tools, specifically large language models, impacts the user’s view of themselves. …”
Get full text

INTEGRATION OF A DATA-DRIVEN SOFTWARE APPLICATION AND A MULTIMODAL LARGE LANGUAGE MODEL FOR ENHANCED NUTRITIONAL GUIDANCE: A CASE STUDY by IAPĂSCURTĂ, Victor, ȚURCANU, Dinu, SIMINIUC, Rodica

“…However, when combined with the capabilities of advanced AI assistants based on LLMs, the potential for comprehensive and insightful nutritional guidance is taken to new heights. …”
Get full text

Use of GPS at research of roads & a vehicle by D. V. Mishuta, V. G. Мikhailov, M. V. Sirai

“…Program fragments are given in C/C ++.It is offered in the territory of RB during the determining of relative distances and a binding to cards at conversion it is possible to use the simplified linear formula lat_m= 112297,6196∙ Ddec lat , lon_m= 63215,444 ∙ Ddec lon .The offered technique of application of GPS, software, received data are planned to be used for a research of influence of the driver and road conditions on the movement of the vehicle and the subsequent their application when modeling in Matlab/ Simulink, and also in problems of preliminary debugging of management systems by self-driving vehicles.…”
Get full text

The advantages of lexicon-based sentiment analysis in an age of machine learning. by A Maurits van der Veen, Erik Bleich

“…Compared to machine learning and large language model (LLM) approaches, lexicon-based methods may sacrifice some in performance, but in exchange they provide generalizability and domain independence, while crucially offering the possibility of identifying gradations in sentiment. …”
Get full text

Assessing the Adherence of ChatGPT Chatbots to Public Health Guidelines for Smoking Cessation: Content Analysis by Lorien C Abroms, Artin Yousefi, Christina N Wysota, Tien-Chin Wu, David A Broniatowski

“… BackgroundLarge language model (LLM) artificial intelligence chatbots using generative language can offer smoking cessation information and advice. …”
Get full text

Natural Language Processing and Social Determinants of Health in Mental Health Research: AI-Assisted Scoping Review by Dmitry A Scherbakov, Nina C Hubig, Leslie A Lenert, Alexander V Alekseyenko, Jihad S Obeid

“…The screening and extraction process took place in Covidence with the help of a custom large language model (LLM) module developed by our team. This LLM module was calibrated and tuned to automate many aspects of the review process. …”
Get full text

Documenting Geographically and Contextually Diverse Language Data Sources by Angelina McMillan-Major, Francesco De Toni, Zaid Alyafeai, Stella Biderman, Kimbo Chen, Gérard Dupont, Hady Elsahar, Chris Emezue, Alham Fikri Aji, Suzana Ilić, Nurulaqilla Khamis, Colin Leong, Maraim Masoud, Aitor Soroa, Pedro Ortiz Suarez, Daniel van Strien, Zeerak Talat, Yacine Jernite

“… Contemporary large-scale data collection efforts have prioritized the amount of data collected to improve large language models (LLM). This quantitative approach has resulted in concerns for the rights of data subjects represented in data collections. …”
Get full text

Freezing-Thawing Damage Mechanism of Coal Gangue Concrete Based on Low-Field Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Scanning Electron Microscopy, and N2 Adsorption by Bowen Hou, Jisheng Qiu, Peng Guo, Xujun Gao, Ruyi Zhang

“…To study waterborne frost heaving failure mechanism of coal gangue ceramsite concrete (CGCC) under freeze-thaw cycles, capillary water absorption test, nonmetallic ultrasonic testing test, low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (LNMR) test, N2 adsorption test, and other tests were used to determine the effect of freeze-thaw cycles on the porosity, relative dynamic elastic modulus (RDM), and capillary adsorption rate of different coal gangue ceramsite (MT) replacement rates (0, 20%, 40%, and 60%). …”
Get full text

Adaptive Hierarchical Text Classification Using ERNIE and Dynamic Threshold Pruning by Han Chen, Yangsen Zhang, Yuru Jiang, Ruixue Duan

“…This paper proposes an Adaptive Hierarchical Text Classification method, EDTPA (ERNIE and Dynamic Threshold Pruning-based Adaptive classification), which leverages Large Language Models (LLMs) for data augmentation to mitigate imbalanced datasets. …”
Get full text