Bit-filling algorithm for fast subcarrier-selecting in ultrasonic through-metal communication by Linsen XU, Wei YANG, Hongxian TIAN, Tao WU

“…Aiming at the high complexity of the greedy bit-filling algorithm,a bit-filling algorithm for fast subcarrier-selecting used in ultrasonic through-metal communication was proposed.The approximate expression for the BER increment,which was used as the basis for selecting subcarriers in the greedy bit-filling algorithm,was derived by the BER approximation formula and Taylor formula.The subcarrier was selected first and then its BER was calculated.Therefore,it was unnecessary for the greedy bit-filling algorithm to calculate new BER of all subcarriers.The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can achieve nearly the same data rate as the greedy bit-filling algorithm and save the BER calculation of about <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mfrac> <mn>3</mn> <mn>4</mn> </mfrac> </math></inline-formula> subcarriers,greatly reducing the amount of calculation.…”
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Assessment framework to predict sensitivity of marine calcifiers to ocean alkalinity enhancement – identification of biological thresholds and importance of precautionary principle... by N. Bednaršek, H. van de Mortel, G. Pelletier, G. Pelletier, M. García-Reyes, R. A. Feely, A. G. Dickson, A. G. Dickson

“…Predicted responses were categorized into six different categories (linear positive and negative, threshold positive and negative, parabolic and neutral) to delineate responses per species. The results show that 34.4 % of responses are predicted to be positive (<span class="inline-formula"><i>N</i>=33</span>), 26.0 % negative (<span class="inline-formula"><i>N</i>=25</span>), and 39.2 % (<span class="inline-formula"><i>N</i>=38</span>) neutral upon alkalinity addition. …”
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Ensemble estimates of global wetland methane emissions over 2000–2020 by Z. Zhang, B. Poulter, J. R. Melton, W. J. Riley, G. H. Allen, D. J. Beerling, P. Bousquet, J. G. Canadell, E. Fluet-Chouinard, P. Ciais, N. Gedney, P. O. Hopcroft, A. Ito, R. B. Jackson, A. K. Jain, K. Jensen, F. Joos, T. Kleinen, S. H. Knox, S. H. Knox, T. Li, X. Li, X. Liu, K. McDonald, G. McNicol, P. A. Miller, J. Müller, P. K. Patra, P. K. Patra, C. Peng, S. Peng, Z. Qin, R. M. Riggs, M. Saunois, Q. Sun, H. Tian, X. Xu, Y. Yao, Y. Xi, W. Zhang, W. Zhang, Q. Zhu, Q. Zhu, Q. Zhuang

“…These modeled results suggest that climate change is driving increased wetland CH<span class="inline-formula">₄</span> emissions and that direct and sustained measurements are needed to monitor developments.…”
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PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTION OF SINGLE-LAYER CYLINDRICAL VESSEL BURST PRESSURE by LIU Cen, YANG Fan, LIU Bing, YUAN XiaoHui, ZHANG HongWei, LIU XiaoNing

“…Research results indicated that:（ 1） Based on the engineering practice of Chinese standard,the application range of the formula can be divided into the 3 groups according to the design pressure which are no exceeding 35 MPa,between35 MPa and 100 MPa,and no more than 100 MPa,respectively;（ 2） According to the relationship between design pressure and burst pressure,the actual burst pressure of the formula application range sample was no more than 105. 5 MPa,between 91. 0 MPa and 329. 6 MPa,and no more than 329. 6 MPa,respectively;（ 3） When the significance was 0. 05,the ratio of the samples measured burst pressure and mid-diameter formula and Tresca formula calculated values is 6 random variables with the normal distribution.（ 4） When the 2-sides confidence was 98%,the distribution parameters value range of 6 random variables were obtained respectively.…”
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Aerosol layer height (ALH) retrievals from oxygen absorption bands: intercomparison and validation among different satellite platforms, GEMS, EPIC, and TROPOMI by H. Kim, H. Kim, X. Chen, X. Chen, J. Wang, J. Wang, J. Wang, J. Wang, Z. Lu, Z. Lu, Z. Lu, M. Zhou, G. R. Carmichael, G. R. Carmichael, S. S. Park, J. Kim

“…Given the significant role of aerosol optical depth (AOD) in ALH retrieval, we first evaluate the AOD from these retrievals against the ground-based AErosol RObotic NETwork (AERONET). Results show that the GEMS AOD at 440 nm has better agreement with the AERONET AOD of the <span class="inline-formula">∼</span> 0.9 correlation coefficient (<span class="inline-formula"><i>R</i></span>) than that at 680 nm, both of which underestimate with a negative bias. …”
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Post-Hercynian ultrahigh-temperature tectono-metamorphic evolution of the Middle Atlas lower crust (central Morocco) revealed by metapelitic granulite xenoliths by A. El Maz, A. Vauchez, J.-M. Dautria

“…During the first event, probably the Hercynian orogeny, the Tafraoute lower crust acquired its foliation and primary paragenesis, likely including kyanite; it yields <span class="inline-formula"><i>P</i></span> and <span class="inline-formula"><i>T</i></span> conditions of 1.1 <span class="inline-formula">±</span> 0.1 GPa and 850–880 °C. …”
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Research of the Calculation Method of Bending Strength of Non-orthogonal Helical Face Gear by Derun Qin, Long Yang, Jinyuan Tang, Siyu Chen

“…There is no analytical calculation method and formula for the calculation of the bending strength of the face gear.For this reason，based on the principle of tooth surface contact analysis，the formula for calculating the length of the bending arm is derived，reference the calculation standard （ISO 10300（3）：2014） of bevel gear bending strength，an analytical calculation method for the root bending strength of non-orthogonal helical face gear is proposed.Taking a parameter face gear transmission pair as an example，the Abaqus finite element software is used to calculate the root bending strength，and the root bending stress value of the non-orthogonal helical face gear is extracted.The finite element results are compared with the analytical calculation results，the error is about 8.5%.The results show that the calculation method of the calculation method of the root bending stress of non-orthogonal helical face gears is correct and feasible.The problem that the calculation of the bending strength of the face gear has no analytical formula is solved.After refinement and perfection，it is expected to form a basic calculation formula for the bending strength design of the face gear.…”
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Research of Calculation Method of Contact Stress of Non-orthogonal Modified Face-gear Drive with Helical Pinion by Yang Zhuxi, Wu Yuanhang, Tang Jinyuan

“…The calculation method and formula of the contact stress are given in this study. …”
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Friction-Induced Pain: From Skin Surface to Brain Activation by Xingxing Fang, Wei Tang, Shousheng Zhang, Yanze Wu, Yifeng Zeng, Yangyang Xia, Ming Zhang

“…The features of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\alpha $ </tex-math></inline-formula> activity, <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\beta $ </tex-math></inline-formula> activity, and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\alpha _{\text {peak}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> extracted from EEG signals were effective in the recognition of pain state, but cannot recognize the pain intensities.…”
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The ASK-16 motorized glider: an airborne eddy covariance platform to measure turbulence, energy, and matter fluxes by I. Wiekenkamp, A. K. Lehmann, A. Bütow, J. Hartmann, S. Metzger, S. Metzger, T. Ruhtz, C. Wille, M. Zöllner, T. Sachs, T. Sachs

“…The uncertainty of <span class="inline-formula"><i>w</i></span> is between 0.15 and 0.27 m s<span class="inline-formula">⁻¹</span> (median <span class="inline-formula">=</span> 0.23 m s<span class="inline-formula">⁻¹</span>), and the uncertainty of <span class="inline-formula"><i>u</i></span> and <span class="inline-formula"><i>v</i></span> ranges between 0.16 and 0.55 m s<span class="inline-formula">⁻¹</span> (median <span class="inline-formula">=</span> 0.25 m s<span class="inline-formula">⁻¹</span>). …”
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Creep enhancement and sliding in a temperate, hard-bedded alpine glacier by J.-P. Roldán-Blasco, A. Gilbert, L. Piard, F. Gimbert, C. Vincent, O. Gagliardini, A. Togaibekov, A. Togaibekov, A. Walpersdorf, N. Maier

“…We interpret this creep factor enhancement as an effect of increasing interstitial water content with depth (from 0 % to 1.3 %), which results in an average value of <span class="inline-formula"><i>A</i>=148</span> MPa<span class="inline-formula">⁻³</span> a<span class="inline-formula">⁻¹</span>. …”
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Field heterogeneity of soil texture controls leaf water potential spatial distribution predicted from UAS-based vegetation indices in non-irrigated vineyards by L. Delval, J. Bates, J. Bates, F. Jonard, F. Jonard, M. Javaux, M. Javaux

“…Our results demonstrated that in non-irrigated vineyards, the spatial distribution of <span class="inline-formula">Ψ_leaf</span> was mainly governed by the within-vineyard soil hydraulic conductivity heterogeneity (<span class="inline-formula"><i>R</i>²</span> up to 0.81) and was particularly marked when the evaporative demand and the soil water deficit increased, since the range of <span class="inline-formula">Ψ_leaf</span> was greater, up to 0.73 MPa, in these conditions. …”
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A Pilot Study on the Age-Dependent, Biomechanical Properties of Longitudinal Ligaments in the Human Cervical Spine by Narendra Singh, Ana Trajkovski, Jovan Trajkovski, Robert Kunc, Jose Felix Rodriguez Matas

“…The investigation concentrated on the effects of age on four mechanical parameters of the uniaxial stress–stretch curve: initial tangent stiffness (<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>E</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>), maximum tangent stiffness (<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>E</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>m</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>), ultimate stress (<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>P</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>u</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>) and ultimate stretch (<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>λ</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>u</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>). …”
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Pricing Vulnerable Options in the Bifractional Brownian Environment with Jumps by Panhong Cheng, Zhihong Xu

“…In this paper, we study the valuation of European vulnerable options where the underlying asset price and the firm value of the counterparty both follow the bifractional Brownian motion with jumps, respectively. We assume that default event occurs when the firm value of the counterparty is less than the default boundary. …”
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Estimation and Model Misspecification for Recurrent Event Data with Covariates Under Measurement Errors by Ravinath Alahakoon, Gideon K. D. Zamba, Xuerong Meggie Wen, Akim Adekpedjou

“…For subject <i>i</i>, we monitor an event that can occur multiple times over a random observation window [0, <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mi>τ</mi><mi>i</mi></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula>). …”
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Optimization of Shear-Thickening Polishing Parameters for Optical Glass Based on Grey Relational Analysis by Yunxiao Han, Yangsi Yang, Binghai Lyu, Wei Hang, Xu Wang, Julong Yuan

“…Sixteen orthogonal experiments were conducted to assess the effects of polishing speed (<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mi>V</mi></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>), angle (<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mi>θ</mi></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>), and slurry concentration (<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mi>C</mi></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>) on the material removal rate (MRR) and surface roughness (Ra). …”
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Rotation-Invariant Convolution With Point Sort and Curvature Radius for Point Cloud Classification and Segmentation by Zhao Shen, Xin Jia, Jinglei Zhang

“…(ii) Establishing a local reference axis may reduce the number of neighbor points, resulting in information loss in local regions. To this end, a Rotation-invariant Convolution with Point Sorting and Curvature Radius <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\text {(RCPC)}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> is proposed. …”
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Effects of Thermodynamics on the Concurrent Accretion and Migration of Gas Giants in Protoplanetary Disks by Hening Wu, Ya-Ping Li

“…The thermodynamics effect is modeled with a thermal relaxation timescale using a <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mi>β</mi></semantics></math></inline-formula>-cooling prescription. …”
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Emergence of Self-Identity in Artificial Intelligence: A Mathematical Framework and Empirical Study with Generative Large Language Models by Minhyeok Lee

“…Our framework posits that self-identity emerges from two mathematically quantifiable conditions: the existence of a connected continuum of memories <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mi>C</mi><mo>⊆</mo><mi mathvariant="script">M</mi></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> in a metric space <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi mathvariant="script">M</mi><mo>,</mo><msub><mi>d</mi><mi mathvariant="script">M</mi></msub><mo>)</mo></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>, and a continuous mapping <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mi>I</mi><mo>:</mo><mi mathvariant="script">M</mi><mo>→</mo><mi mathvariant="script">S</mi></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> that maintains consistent self-recognition across this continuum, where <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi mathvariant="script">S</mi><mo>,</mo><msub><mi>d</mi><mi mathvariant="script">S</mi></msub><mo>)</mo></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> represents the metric space of possible self-identities. …”
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New Fractional Derivative Expression of the Shifted Third-Kind Chebyshev Polynomials: Application to a Type of Nonlinear Fractional Pantograph Differential Equations by Y. H. Youssri, W. M. Abd-Elhameed, H. M. Ahmed

“…The main goal of this paper is to develop a new formula of the fractional derivatives of the shifted Chebyshev polynomials of the third kind. …”
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