Clinical and survival differences between second primary and first primary nasopharyngeal carcinoma in a retrospective study by Xin Huang, Ying Kong, Tianyu Wu, Zhen Meng, Min Kang

“…Therapeutically, 2nd NPC patients showed significantly lower rates of curative-intent treatment (75.6% vs. 91.3%, p = 0.010), lower rates of good treatment tolerance (86.7% vs. 96.1%, p = 0.068), reduced chemotherapy utilization (73.3% vs. 89.3%, p = 0.014), and less frequent cisplatin use during concurrent chemotherapy (66.7% vs. 84.4%, p = 0.034). …”
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Study on the propagation law of hydraulic fractures in heterogeneous permeability reservoirs. by Linhao Zou, Yinao Su, Xingsheng Xu, Wei Li, Huan Zhao, Mingxiu Zhang, Shengjie Jiao

“…The impacts of permeability heterogeneous, injection rate, and fracturing fluid viscosity on fracture morphology are systematically investigated, and the elasticity coefficient method was used to evaluate the influence weights of each parameter.The main conclusions are as follows: (1) Permeability distribution is the core factor controlling the fracture propagation direction, with HPL dominating the extension path while MPL and LPL show limited efficiency. (2) An increase in the number of permeability layers inhibits the overall expansion of cracks, and the shape of the cracks gradually changes to rectangular. (3) Higher injection rates significantly expand fracture area, whereas fracturing fluid viscosity ≥50 mPa·s stabilizes fracture morphology. (4) The elastic coefficient method identifies injection rate, permeability heterogeneous, and fracturing fluid viscosity as the key control parameters in order. …”
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Fabrication of β-Silicon Carbide Nanowires from Carbon Powder and Silicon Wafer by Majid S. Al-Ruqeishi, Tariq Mohiuddin

“…The obtained β-SiCNWs were short and thick with random distribution over Si wafer surface when rapid heating rate is applied. While β-SiCNWs fabricated under low heating rate are 57.0±3.0 nm in average diameter and few millimeters in length. …”
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Global Trajectories of Colorectal Cancer Burden From 1990 to 2021 and Projection to 2040 by Xiaolu Chen, Xuesi Dong, Yadi Zheng, Chenran Wang, Zilin Luo, Jiaxin Xie, Zeming Guo, Xiaoyue Shi, Xinyue Zhu, Yongjie Xu, Wei Cao, Fei Wang, Ni Li

“…Most countries showed slowly increasing incidence rates (49.0%, n = 100) and stable age‐standardized mortality rates (51.0%, n = 104). …”
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Acoustic exposure reveals variation in curtailment effectiveness at reducing bat fatality at wind turbines by Trevor Peterson, Adam Rusk, Caroline Byrne, Seta Aghababian, Sydney Edwards

“…Curtailment strategies with higher cut‐in speeds reduced the percentage of acoustic exposure by a consistent margin across biweekly intervals, but differences in the rate of acoustic exposure among strategies were far greater during late summer and early fall, when bat activity levels were highest. …”
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Cross-sectional examination of characteristics of higher-dose buprenorphine prescriptions during the era of illicit fentanyl by Bradley D. Stein, Flora Sheng, Brendan K. Saloner, Adam J. Gordon, Jessica S. Merlin

“…Methods We used IQVIA data to conduct a cross-sectional study of opioid use disorder-indicated buprenorphine prescriptions dispensed at retail pharmacies January 2019 - December 2020; categorized prescriptions as ≤ 16mg, > 16 to 24 mg, and > 24 mg daily dose; and examined overall rates and rates by patient, insurer and county characteristics, and prescriber specialty. …”
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Comparative Analysis of Open and Closed Nasal Fractures in Trauma Settings: Mechanisms, Intent, Surgical Interventions, and Outcomes by Ahmad K. Alnemare

“…Objectives: This study aimed to explore nasal fracture patterns, trauma mechanism and intent, treatment approaches, and mortality rates, offering insights for clinical practice and prevention in trauma settings. …”
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Carbon taxation in Europe by A. V. Korytin, N. S. Kostrykina, T. A. Malinina

“…In Sweden and Switzerland the excise rate is in direct proportion to the carbon content of the fuel, however in the UK, Norway and France excise rates are set more voluntary. …”
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Divergent confidence intervals among pre-specified analyses in the HiSTORIC stepped wedge trial: An exploratory post-hoc investigation. by Richard A Parker, Catriona Keerie, Christopher J Weir, Atul Anand, Nicholas L Mills

“…Divergence was particularly acute for the safety endpoint, which had an event rate of 0.36% overall. Examining the raw data was particularly helpful to assess the sensitivity of the results to small changes in event rates and identify patterns in the data.…”
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Paediatric Measles in Romania: A Comparative Clinical and Epidemiological Analysis of the 2017–2019 and 2023–2024 Epidemic Waves at a Tertiary Care Centre in Bucharest by Gheorghiță Jugulete, Mădălina Maria Merișescu, Bianca Borcos, Alexandra Nicoleta Totoianu, Anca Oana Dragomirescu

“…A retrospective analysis evaluated mortality rates, distribution by age and sex, as well as clinical disease patterns. …”
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Unpacking Violence: Examining Socioeconomic, Psychological, and Genetic Drivers of Gun-Related Homicide and Potential Solutions by John Menezes, Kavita Batra

“…African Americans experienced homicide rates of 23.1 per 100,000, ten times the rate among Whites. …”
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Mapping the mismatch between building and population growth: A global study of 1,700 cities by Siwei Lou, Yu Huang, Yukai Zou, Dawei Xia

“…Summary: The proportionality between urban building expansion and population growth is a key indicator of sustainable development, yet its global patterns and drivers remain underexplored. This study investigates the discrepancies between building volume and population growth rates (ΔR) across 1,744 cities in 12 major global economies from 2000 to 2020 using satellite-based building volume and population databases. …”
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ARMC-RL: Adaptive Caching With Reinforcement Learning for Efficient 360° Video Streaming in Edge Networks by Minji Choi, Somin Park, Jin-Hyun Ahn, Dong Ho Kim, Cheolwoo You

“…Higher cache hit rates contribute to reducing transmission latency and lowering bandwidth consumption. …”
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Wetland Ecological Restoration and Geomorphological Evolution: A Hydrodynamic-Sediment-Vegetation Coupled Modeling Study by Haiyang Yan, Bing Shi, Feng Gao

“…Under the scenario of sea-level rise, when sedimentation rates fail to offset the rate of sea-level increase, the wetland ecosystem faces the risk of collapse. …”
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The prognosis prediction value of CD69+ CD8+ tissue-resident memory T cell as a novel indicator of pathologic complete response heterogeneity following different neoadjuvant therap... by Ao Liu, Defeng Liu, Xiuli Liu, Yuxiang Chi, Longxiang Guo, Dianxing Li, Qiankun Wang, Yuanlin Li, Yi Li, Guiwen Zheng, Haiqun Lin, Qiuan Yang, Yaru Tian, Jinming Yu, Minghuan Li

“…Propensity score matching ensured group comparability. We assessed pCR rates and their associations with overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), and recurrence patterns. …”
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Effect of COVID-19 lockdowns on maxillofacial fractures in New Zealand: a retrospective study by Chelsea A Allen-Brough, Rahul Jayakar, Dalice Sim, Craig A MacKinnon, Swee T Tan

“…During COVID-19 lockdowns, there was a relative increase in the referral rates of females aged 60 years and over. Both sports and interpersonal violence showed significantly reduced referral rates during lockdowns, while falls, road traffic accidents and other were referred at a similar rate as out of lockdown.…”
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Distributed Robust Low-Carbon Economic Dispatch of Power Systems Considering Extreme Scenarios by HU Heng, QIN Jianru, LI Haibo, LIU Jiefeng

“…Particularly， tail risks triggered by extreme weather and the dynamic mismatches between stochastic RE fluctuations and conventional unit regulation rates invalidate conventional deterministic scheduling models reliant on typical scenarios. …”
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Depression among older adults in Norway 1995-2019: Time trends, correlates, and future projections in a population study: The HUNT study. by Maria Lage Barca, Eivind Aakhus, Ellen Melbye Langballe, Thomas Hansen, Ragnhild Holmberg Aunsmo, Geir Selbæk, Steinar Krokstad, Bjørn Heine Strand

“…<h4>Conclusion and implications</h4>Depression rates among adults aged 70 + decreased by 50% from 1995 to 2019, but less so among the oldest old. …”
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Fertility intention and its correlates with reproductive-aged married women in Ethiopia: an adapted theory of planned behavior (TPB) by Fitsum Tariku Fantaye, Solomon Abrha Damtew, Kelemua Menegesha Sene

“…The population continues to grow at a rate of 2.7 and fertility rates remain at 4.6. Fertility is one of the three key aspects in shaping population dynamics, as women’s fertility intention for children play a significant role in determining actual fertility rates. …”
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Multiple bursts of speciation in Madagascar’s endangered lemurs by Kathryn M. Everson, Luca Pozzi, Meredith A. Barrett, Mary E. Blair, Mariah E. Donohue, Peter M. Kappeler, Andrew C. Kitchener, Alan R. Lemmon, Emily Moriarty Lemmon, Carlos J. Pavón-Vázquez, Ute Radespiel, Blanchard Randrianambinina, Rodin M. Rasoloarison, Solofonirina Rasoloharijaona, Christian Roos, Jordi Salmona, Anne D. Yoder, Rosana Zenil-Ferguson, Dietmar Zinner, David W. Weisrock

“…Our analyses reveal multiple bursts of diversification (without subsequent declines) that explain much of today’s lemur diversity. We also find higher rates of speciation in Madagascar’s lemurs compared to lorisiforms, and we demonstrate that the lemur clades with high diversification rates also have high rates of genomic introgression. …”
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