A review of combustion geometry profiles in biodiesel-fueled compression ignition engines: technical insights into combustion, performance, and emission characteristics by N. Anbazhaghan, Pravin Carthic, Arun Raaza, K. Vijetha, J. Jayaprabakar, Prashant Kumar, Anil Singh Yadav, Tabish Alam, Abhishek Sharma

“…In contrast, engine modifications are typically most cost effective and therefore more commonly used. …”
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Green synthesis of nanomaterials used as nano-fertilizer for sustainability in crop production: A overview on recent advancements and future perspectives by Muskaan Bansal, Naveen Jyoti, Aniket Bharti, Deepika, Shweta Sharma, Manoj Thakur, Vishnu Chauhan, Rajesh Kumar

“…NFs have been recognized as cost-effective alternatives for traditional chemical fertilizers to boost the global food supply in an environmentally friendly manner. …”
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Highly stable and efficient copper(I) sensitizer for narrowband red organic light-emitting diodes with an operational lifetime (LT95) of up to 3689 h at 1000 cd m−2 by Rui Tang, Shuo Xu, Gang Cheng, Kam-Hung Low, Dongdong Zhang, Lian Duan, Chi-Ming Che

“…Abstract Copper-based organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) are low-cost alternatives to precious metal-based OLEDs, but currently no such OLEDs can meet the practical requirements for high colour purity, device efficiency, and operational stability. …”
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Low density marker‐based effectiveness and efficiency of early‐generation genomic selection relative to phenotype‐based selection in dolichos bean (Lablab purpureus L. Sweet) by Mugali Pundalik Kalpana, Sampangi Ramesh, Chindi Basavaraj Siddu, Gonal Basanagouda, K. Madhusudan, Hosakoti Sathish, Dinesh Sindhu, Munegowda Kemparaju, C. Anilkumar

“…The results have a significant impact on adopting genomic selection in regular breeding programs of Dolichos beans at a low cost.…”
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An Insight on the Timely Diagnosis of Diabetic Retinopathy Using Traditional and AI-Driven Approaches by Malaika Asif, Fasih Ur Rehman, Zoya Rashid, Altaf Hussain, Alina Mirza, Waqar Shahid Qureshi

“…Traditional screening techniques, including fundus photography and optical coherence tomography, provide valuable diagnostic insights but have some limitations, like cost and technical complexity. Artificial intelligence is transforming the detection of diabetic retinopathy, moving away from traditional machine learning models that rely on manually created features to deep learning methods that allow for automatic feature extraction from retinal images. …”
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Production of concrete expansive agents from freshwater sludge and carbide sludge by Mingqian Yang, Bo Xu, Jiawei Tan, En-Hua Yang, Yaolin Yi

“…However, conventional EA production consumes substantial quantities of non-renewable resources, which is costly and not sustainable. This study explores the feasibility of producing cost-effective calcium sulfoaluminate-based EAs from two industrial by-products/wastes, freshwater sludge (FS) and carbide sludge (CS). …”
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A PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF DIFFERENT ATTACHED WAVELENGTHS BASED WDM-ROF SYSTEM FOR FRONTHAUL 5G COMMUNICATION by Aqeel Al-Hilali, Haitham Bashar, Mohammed Abdul Majeed, Ayad Ghany, Hussein Alaa Diame

“…In 5G communication networks, the use of Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing Radio over Fiber (DWDM-RoF) technology has produced several benefits, including cost savings, increased capacity, and faster data rates. …”
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Evaluating the Efficacy of Enzyme-Induced Carbonate Precipitation (EICP) for Aeolian Sand Fixation by Lina Xiao, Jiaming Zhang, Yi Luo, Xinlong Wang, Xiaojian Qi, Zhongyi Hu, Javid Hussain, Guosheng Jiang

“…EICP demonstrates notable advantages in enhancing mechanical performance, environmental compatibility, and cost efficiency, positioning cemented AS as a viable construction material while offering insights for sand stabilization engineering. …”
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Unveiling HRM dynamics through PLS model: The moderating roles of self-efficacy and organizational commitment in work engagement and talent turnover intention by Md Abul Mohaimen, Imroz Mahmud, Md Sharif Hassan, Mohammad Bin Amin, Sanjoy Kumar Roy

“…Retaining good people is one of organizations' greatest challenges, as the cost of losing employees is high. This study offers a more sophisticated perspective on the higher-order nexus between HRM practices, work engagement, and turnover intention that can help inform future sound HR strategies.…”
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Identification of new sources of resistance to charcoal rot caused by Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid in cowpea by Francis Sodji, Theophilus Kwabla Tengey, Charles Kodia Kwoseh

“…Host plant resistance is the most reliable and cost-effective method of controlling this disease. …”
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Design Principles and Engineering Strategies for Stabilizing Ni-Rich Layered Oxides in Lithium-Ion Batteries by Alain Mauger, Christian M. Julien

“…These materials, characterized by low cobalt content, offer a promising path toward sustainable and cost-effective energy storage solutions. However, their electrochemical performance remains below theoretical expectations, primarily due to challenges related to structural instability, limited thermal safety, and suboptimal cycle life. …”
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Reliability-Based Estimation of Traffic Interruption Probability due to Road Waterlogging by Manuel Contreras-Jara, Tomás Echaveguren, José Vargas Baecheler, Alondra Chamorro Giné, Hernán de Solminihac Tampier

“…Floods affect road infrastructure physically and operationally, increase road user costs and road agencies cost, and eventually isolate communities. …”
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Three-Dimensional Object Recognition Using Orthogonal Polynomials: An Embedded Kernel Approach by Aqeel Abdulazeez Mohammed, Ahlam Hanoon Al-sudani, Alaa M. Abdul-Hadi, Almuntadher Alwhelat, Basheera M. Mahmmod, Sadiq H. Abdulhussain, Muntadher Alsabah, Abir Hussain

“…Experimental results show that the proposed method exhibits higher accuracy and lower computational costs compared to the benchmark methods in various conditions for a wide range of parameter values.…”
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Optimized design and performance evaluation of a highly precise variable rate mis-planting and replanting potato electronic-metering mechanism by Abdallah Elshawadfy Elwakeel, Ahmed Elbeltagi, Ali Salem, Ali Salem, Ahmed Z. Dewidar, Ahmed Z. Dewidar

“…Current manual detection and correction methods introduce inefficiencies, increase labor costs, and risk human error.MethodologyTo address these limitations, this study developed and evaluated a high-precision variable-rate electronic metering mechanism (EMM) capable of automated mis-planting detection and replanting under controlled laboratory conditions. …”
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A Blockchain-Assisted Fair Exchange Signature Protocol Using Quantum Key Distribution for Metaverse Environment by Sunil Prajapat, Pankaj Kumar, Goutham Reddy Alavalapati

“…The results indicate a computational cost of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.815 ms$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, and communication costs of 1312 bits, demonstrating the protocol&#x2019;s resilience and performance by conducting a thorough safety and efficiency analysis and demonstrating compliance with essential security features, including unforgeability, undeniability, verifiability, and traceability.…”
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Feasibility of a Symptomatic Screening Program for Early Detection of Gastric Cancer in Roatán, Honduras by Jade Tso, Susana Galeas, Brendalee Martinez, Kallie Vallecillo, Mustafa Faleh Abidalhassan, Natan Webster, Heidy Leiva, Mustafa Al-Qaraghli, Cameron Gaskill

“…Two (29%) had a family history of cancer, four (57%) had a previous H. pylori infection, six (71%) took medication for acid reflux, and four (57%) had dietary risk factors for GC. All patients cited cost as a barrier to care, while two (29%) each reported difficulty traveling to a facility, lack of knowledge on which facilities did endoscopy, and uncertainty of whether they needed the procedure as other barriers.CONCLUSIONAlthough symptomatic screening guidelines are feasible for screening GC in Honduras, limitations in endoscopy access and capacity pose barriers to early diagnosis. …”
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Low-light image enhancement method for underground mines based on an improved Zero-DCE model by WANG Yiwei, LI Xiaoyu, WENG Zhi, BAI Fengshan

“…A Cascaded Convolution Kernel (CCK) was employed in the deep network to reduce the number of model parameters and computational cost, thereby shortening the training time. Experimental validation was conducted using the LOL public dataset and a self-built mine dataset. …”
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Current practices and knowledge of adenosine administration for paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia: a multi-province survey in Chinese emergency departments by Hao Zou, Guanguan Luo, Cheng Jiang, Xiaopeng Tu, Jiaohong Gan, Ruikai Zhu, Jie Qin, Jian Xia

“…However, its adoption remains limited in China due to accessibility challenges, cost concerns, and entrenched reliance on traditional antiarrhythmics. …”
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Enhanced power sharing and voltage regulation for islanded nano-satellite DC microgrids in spinning flight scenarios by Khalil Louassaa, Josep M. Guerrero, Baseem Khan, Muhammad Zain Yousaf, Mohamed Ali Zdiri, Liu Zhang, Rajkumar Sivanraju

“…Abstract The Small Satellite (SmallSat) industry has advanced significantly, with CubeSats playing crucial roles in Earth observation and scientific research due to their low cost and modularity. The Electrical Power System (EPS) is a critical subsystem that integrates photovoltaic sources, energy storage, and power converters to ensure reliable operation. …”
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Comprehensive Review on Evaporative Cooling and Desiccant Dehumidification Technologies for Agricultural Greenhouses by Fakhar Abbas, Muhammad Sultan, Muhammad Wakil Shahzad, Muhammad Farooq, Hafiz M. U. Raza, Muhammad Hamid Mahmood, Uzair Sajjad, Zhaoli Zhang

“…Regular maintenance, initial system cost, economic feasibility, and system scalability are significant challenges to implement these advanced temperature and humidity control systems for greenhouses. …”
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