Protocol for validating an algorithm to identify neurocognitive disorders in Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging participants: an observational study by Verena Menec, Teresa Liu-Ambrose, David B Hogan, Megan E O’Connell, Mary Thompson, Andrew P Costa, Eric E Smith, Changbao Wu, Aaron Jones, Andrew Wister, Christina Wolfson, Parminder Raina, Jinhui Ma, Lauren E Griffith, Christopher Patterson, Alexandra J Mayhew, Benoit Cossette, David Hogan, Howard Chertkow, Susan Kirkland, Megan O'Connell, Vanessa Taler, Andrew Costa, Jacqueline McMillan, Gerry Mugford, Theone Paterson

“…Introduction In population-based research, disease ascertainment algorithms can be as accurate as, and less costly than, performing supplementary clinical examinations on selected participants to confirm a diagnosis of a neurocognitive disorder (NCD), but they require cohort-specific validation. …”
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Pharmacological Inhibition of Endogenous Hydrogen Sulfide Production Slows Bladder Cancer Progression in an Intravesical Murine Model by Sydney Relouw, George J. Dugbartey, Patrick McLeod, Natasha N. Knier, Francisco Martinez Santiesteban, Paula J. Foster, Heather-Anne Cadieux-Pitre, Nicole M. Hague, Jenna Caine, Kaitlin Belletti, Sally Major, Caroline O’Neil, Manal Y. Gabril, Madeleine Moussa, Melissa J. Huynh, S.M. Mansour Haeryfar, Alp Sener

“…Present bladder cancer therapies have relatively limited therapeutic impact and account for one of the highest lifetime treatment costs per patient. Therefore, there is an urgent need to explore novel and optimized treatment strategies. …”
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Quality of Surface and Groundwater in the Sierra de Amula Region, Jalisco, Mexico by Oscar Raúl Mancilla-Villa, Fabiola Villafaña-Castillo, Álvaro Can-Chulim, Rubén Darío Guevara-Gutiérrez, José Luis Olguín-López, Elia Cruz-Crespo, Jonas Alan Luna-Fletes, Juan Uriel Avelar-Roblero

“…This type of research benefits farmers in reducing production costs, having knowledge of water quality, and decision making. …”
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A Prospective Analysis of the Burden of Multi-Drug-Resistant Pathogens in Acute Appendicitis and Their Implication for Clinical Management by Faruk Koca, Sara Fatima Faqar-Uz-Zaman, Claudia Reinheimer, Michael Hogardt, Volkhard A. J. Kempf, Paul Ziegler, Andreas A. Schnitzbauer, Armin Wiegering, Wolf Otto Bechstein, Patrizia Malkomes

“…The intraoperative microbiological analysis of appendiceal swabs in complicated cases may enable targeted antibiotic therapy, potentially shortening hospital stays, optimizing patient management and reducing healthcare costs.…”
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Knowledge and Practice Regarding Pressure Injury Prevention among Nurses at King Abdul-Aziz Specialist Hospital by Afnan Sahrah, Wafaa Althobaiti, Sahar Albalawi, Ensherah Althobiti, Turki Alfattah, Abdulellah Almalki, Ahlam Alotaibi, Maha Alkhaldi, Talal Alqurashi, Faten Sahrah, Munirah Alfifi, Rami Alnemari, Alaa Alzahrani

“…These skin lesions cause discomfort and elevate the risk of severe infections, leading to increased healthcare costs and a high mortality rate due to sepsis. Thus, prevention requires an interdisciplinary approach to care. …”
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Serogrouping and Molecular Characterization of ESBL-Producing Avian Pathogenic <i>Escherichia coli</i> from Broilers and Turkeys with Colibacillosis in Algeria by Nadia Safia Chenouf, Chafik Redha Messaï, Isabel Carvalho, Tamara Álvarez-Gómez, Vanessa Silva, Abdelghani Zitouni, Ahcene Hakem, Patricia Poeta, Carmen Torres

“…Avian colibacillosis caused by avian pathogenic <i>Escherichia coli</i> (APEC) strains is a bacterial disease responsible for enormous economic losses in the poultry industry, due to high mortality rates in farms, antibiotic therapy costs, and seizures at slaughterhouses. The aim of this study was to characterize the serogroups and molecular features of extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing APEC isolates recovered from 248 liver samples of 215 broilers and 33 turkeys with colibacillosis lesions in northeast Algeria. …”
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Elevated plasma CXCL12 leads to pain chronicity via positive feedback upregulation of CXCL12/CXCR4 axis in pain synapses by Shi-Ze Leng, Mei-Jia Fang, Yi-Min Wang, Zhen-Jia Lin, Qian-Yi Li, Ya-Nan Xu, Chun-Lin Mai, Jun-Ya Wan, Yangyinhui Yu, Ming Wei, Ying Li, Yu-Fan Zheng, Kai-Lang Zhang, Ya-Juan Wang, Li-jun Zhou, Zhi Tan, Hui Zhang

“…Abstract Background Chronic pain poses a clinical challenge due to its associated costly disability and treatment needs. Determining how pain transitions from acute to chronic is crucial for effective management. …”
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Diagnostic accuracy of calculated serum osmolarity to predict dehydration in older people: adding value to pathology laboratory reports by Lee Shepstone, John F Potter, Lee Hooper, Asmaa Abdelhamid, Amy Jennings, Paul R Hunter, W Garry John, Neil P Walsh, Adam Ali, Diane K Bunn, Susan Kerry, Gregor Lindner, Carmen A Pfortmueller, Fredrik Sjöstrand, Susan J Fairweather-Tait

“…It appeared useful in people aged ≥65 years with and without diabetes, poor renal function, dehydration, in men and women, with a range of ages, health, cognitive and functional status.Conclusions Some commonly used osmolarity equations work poorly, and should not be used. Given costs and prevalence of dehydration in older people we suggest use of the best formula by pathology laboratories using a cutpoint of 295 mOsm/L (sensitivity 85%, specificity 59%), to report dehydration risk opportunistically when serum glucose, urea and electrolytes are measured for other reasons in older adults.Trial registration numbers: DRIE: Research Register for Social Care, 122273; NU-AGE: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01754012.…”
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Integrating Nitrogen, Water, and Other Management Practices to Improve Grain and Ratoon Forage Yields in Perennial Rice by Fuxian Xu, Dingbing Wang, Xingbing Zhou, Lin Zhang, Xiaoyi Guo, Mao Liu, Yongchuan Zhu, Hong Xiong, Changchun Guo, Peng Jiang

“…Perennial rice has recently garnered global attention due to its potential to save on seeds and labor costs and its high production efficiency. The “mid-season rice–ratoon forage” mode is a new planting system that has emerged in recent years. …”
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A 3D reconstruction platform for complex plants using OB-NeRF by Sixiao Wu, Changhao Hu, Boyuan Tian, Yuan Huang, Shuo Yang, Shanjun Li, Shengyong Xu

“…IntroductionApplying 3D reconstruction techniques to individual plants has enhanced high-throughput phenotyping and provided accurate data support for developing "digital twins" in the agricultural domain. High costs, slow processing times, intricate workflows, and limited automation often constrain the application of existing 3D reconstruction platforms.MethodsWe develop a 3D reconstruction platform for complex plants to overcome these issues. …”
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Cucurbitacin B inhibits HIF-1α and attenuates non-small cell lung cancer via ZFP91 by Lei Song, Lei Song, Jing Han, Run Wang, Shen Cao, Yi Tai, Xinyu Wang, Yanjin Zheng, Shufeng Jin, Yiqian Shen, Cai Qin Liu, Yue Xing, Hong Xiang Zuo, Ming Yue Li, Juan Ma, Xuejun Jin

“…Although some progress has been made in the treatment of NSCLC, drug resistance, high costs, and significant individual variability continue to be major obstacles to effective treatment. …”
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The association between physician sex and patient outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis by Kiyan Heybati, Ashton Chang, Hodan Mohamud, Raj Satkunasivam, Natalie Coburn, Arghavan Salles, Yusuke Tsugawa, Ryo Ikesu, Natsumi Saka, Allan S. Detsky, Dennis T. Ko, Heather Ross, Mamas A. Mamas, Angela Jerath, Christopher J. D. Wallis

“…Abstract Background Some prior studies have found that patients treated by female physicians may experience better outcomes, as well as lower healthcare costs than those treated by male physicians. Physician–patient sex concordance may also contribute to better patient outcomes. …”
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Clinical predictors of flare and drug-free remission in rheumatoid arthritis: preliminary results from the prospective BIO-FLARE experimental medicine study by Iain B McInnes, Stefan Siebert, Arthur Pratt, Andrew Filer, Karim Raza, Wan-Fai Ng, Christopher D Buckley, Dawn Teare, Andrew Melville, Amy Anderson, Andrew McGucken, Bernard Dyke, Catharien M U Hilkens, John Isaacs, Kenneth F Baker, Mohadeseh Shojaei Shahrokhabadi, Shaun Hiu, Theophile Bigirumurame, Carl Goodyear, Fiona Rayner, Sean Kerrigan, Jonathan Prichard

“…However, long-term treatments can carry side effects and associated financial costs. In addition, some patients still experience painful and debilitating disease flares, the mechanisms of which are poorly understood. …”
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Cropping potential of forage soybean as a summer forage in Midwest U.S. rainfed systems by Rudra Baral, Jiyung Kim, Bishwoyog Bhattarai, Hari Koirala, Ignacio Massigoge, Ethan Denson, Cesar Guareschi, Sofía Cominelli, Joaquín Peraza Rud, Jessica Bezerra de Oliveira, Paula Garcia Helguera, Ignacio A. Ciampitti, Charles W. Rice, Doohong Min

“…Rising feed and fertilizer costs, climatic uncertainties, and the summer slump in forage production are key challenges for livestock farmers in the Midwest region of the United States. …”
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Barriers and enablers of HPV vaccination among caregivers of school-age girls in resource-limited regions of Western Sichuan, China: a mixed-methods study by Qiwen Zhang, Lu Zhang, Zubo Huang, Yue Zeng, Yueshan Wang, Jieru Peng, Yan Kou, Wei Huang, Gang Zhu, Wencheng Long, Yao Dong, Chunxia Yang

“…Ensuring vaccine supply, reducing costs, improving caregivers’ knowledge, and increasing vaccination accessibility could significantly enhance vaccination rates in resource-limited regions of western China.…”
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Intensive and critical care nurses’ compliance, barriers, and challenges with ventilator-associated pneumonia prevention: a cross-sectional study by Hazel Novela Villagracia, Tahani Nasser Alhejaili, Bushra Alshammari, Salwa Abd El Gawad Sallam, Awatif Mansour Alrasheeday, Lea L. Dando, Odeta A. Nacubuan, Habib Alrashedi, Shaimaa Mohamed Nageeb, Larry Terence O. Cornejo, Rico William A. Villagracia, Soha Kamel Mosbah Mahmoud, Ingrid Jacinto-Caspillo, Rizal Angelo N. Grande, Daniel Joseph E. Berdida, Bahia Galal Abd Elrazik Siam

“…Abstract Background Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) poses a significant challenge in critical care settings, impacting patient outcomes and healthcare costs. In Saudi Arabia, several studies have reported concerns regarding VAP, including variable VAP rates, inconsistent compliance with and knowledge of VAP prevention practices, and inadequate national data. …”
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Influence of cognitive and emotional factors on motor dual-task performance in nursing home residents. The mediating and moderating roles of cognition, concerns about falling, well... by Thomas Jürgen Klotzbier, Julian Rudisch, Nadja Schott, Oliver Vogel, Thomas Cordes, Claudia Voelcker-Rehage, Bettina Wollesen

“…Background: This study aimed (1) to compare walking performance under single (ST) and dual-task (DT) conditions with varying cognitive tasks and degrees of difficulty, (2) to investigate the association of concerns about falling, depressive symptomatology, and psychological and physical well-being with ST and DT walking performance as well as cognitive and motor DT costs (cDTC; mDTC); and (3) to examine whether depressive symptomatology and well-being mediate or moderate the association between concerns about falling and DT performance in a large sample of German nursing home residents. …”
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Machine learning and molecular docking prediction of potential inhibitors against dengue virus by George Hanson, Joseph Adams, Daveson I. B. Kepgang, Luke S. Zondagh, Lewis Tem Bueh, Andy Asante, Soham A. Shirolkar, Maureen Kisaakye, Hem Bondarwad, Olaitan I. Awe

“…While the WHO-approved vaccine, Dengvaxia, and antiviral treatments like Balapiravir and Celgosivir are available, challenges such as drug resistance, reduced efficacy, and high treatment costs persist. This study aims to identify novel potential inhibitors of the Dengue virus (DENV) using an integrative drug discovery approach encompassing machine learning and molecular docking techniques.MethodUtilizing a dataset of 21,250 bioactive compounds from PubChem (AID: 651640), alongside a total of 1,444 descriptors generated using PaDEL, we trained various models such as Support Vector Machine, Random Forest, k-nearest neighbors, Logistic Regression, and Gaussian Naïve Bayes. …”
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Impact of real-time glucose monitoring using FreeStyle Libre 3 on glycaemia in type 2 diabetes managed with basal insulin plus SGLT2 inhibitor and/or GLP-1 agonist: the FreeDM2 ran... by Gerry Rayman, Thomas Yates, Ramzi A Ajjan, Patrick Moore, Pratik Choudhary, Thozhukat Sathyapalan, Parth Narendran, Ahmed Iqbal, Rachel Ann Elliott, Sankalpa Neupane, Mark Evans, Hood Thabit, Lalantha Leelarathna, Emma G Wilmot, Katharine Barnard-Kelly, Iain Cranston, Thinzar Min, Yee S Cheah, Shafie Kamaruddin, Alistair Lumb

“…An economic evaluation for costs and patient outcomes will be undertaken.Ethics and dissemination The study was approved by the Health Research Authority, Health and Care Research Wales and the West Midlands-Edgbaston Research Ethics Committee (reference: 23/WM/0092). …”
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Multi-objective optimization of soil water-nitrogen management practice and seeding rate for sustainable soybean production on the Loess Plateau of China by Zhenqi Liao, Xiaohui Ding, Hongxin Zhang, Hui Zhang, Zhijun Li, Fucang Zhang, Junliang Fan

“…Compared with the local management strategy (NMN60D16), RWN30D32 significantly (p < 0.05) increased the canopy photosynthetic capacity, biological yield, grain yield, seed protein yield, seed oil yield, net income, ratio of output over input costs, crop water productivity, partial factor productivity of nitrogen and radiation use efficiency by 22.8 %, 66.7 %, 35.9 %, 20.1 %, 23.9 %, 69.8 %, 28.4 %, 29.0 %, 171.8 % and 18.5 %, while it decreased the hundred-grain weight, number of pods, seed protein content, seed oil content, energy use efficiency and carbon productivity by 5.4 %, 34.2 %, 11.6 %, 8.8 %, 20.5 % and 69.0 %, respectively. …”
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