A comprehensive review on the formation and mitigation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH4) in edible oils: From oilseeds to oils by Jiao-jiao Yin, Xiao-ming Jiang, Yi Nie, Wu Zhong, Xing-he Zhang, Pan Gao, Dong-ping He

“…Although detection methods such as High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) are reliable, they are also costly and time-consuming. In contrast, methods such as fluorescence spectroscopy, electrochemical sensors, and Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS)-based optical sensors are more appropriate for on-site rapid detection. …”
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A New Efficient Approach to Model Stiff Biogeochemical Reactive Transport Scenarios Across Groundwater Systems by Xiaochuang Bu, Heng Dai, Songhu Yuan, Ming Ye, Zhenxue Dai, Mohamad Reza Soltanian, Zhang Wen, Alberto Guadagnini

“…Our results reveal that the new approach effectively identifies fast species and simplifies reaction networks, thus significantly reducing stiffness and computational costs while maintaining remarkable accuracy. Overall, our approach offers a robust and efficient solution for modeling stiff biogeochemical processes in groundwater systems. …”
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Host-Specific and Environment-Dependent Effects of Endophyte <i>Alternaria oxytropis</i> on Three Locoweed <i>Oxytropis</i> Species in China by Yue-Yang Zhang, Yan-Zhong Li, Zun-Ji Shi

“…These findings suggest that the ecological role of <i>A. oxytropis</i> may vary depending on both host species and environmental context, highlighting a trade-off between growth costs and potential stress tolerance conferred by <i>A. oxytropis</i>. …”
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Maximizing Energy Recovery from Waste Tires Through Cement Production Optimization in Togo—A Case Study by Mona-Maria Narra, Essossinam Beguedou, Satyanarayana Narra, Michael Nelles

“…The cement industry faces increasing energy costs and environmental pressures, driving the adoption of alternative fuels derived from waste materials. …”
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Nuanced Music Emotion Recognition via a Semi‑Supervised Multi‑Relational Graph Neural Network by Andreas Peintner, Marta Moscati, Yu Kinoshita, Richard Vogl, Peter Knees, Markus Schedl, Hannah Strauss, Marcel Zentner, Eva Zangerle

“…However, collecting these annotations is both complex and costly, leading to limited availability of large‑scale datasets for MER. …”
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Advancements in combustion technologies: A review of innovations, methodologies, and practical applications by Abdellatif M. Sadeq, Raad Z. Homod, Husam Abdulrasool Hasan, Bilal Naji Alhasnawi, Ahmed Kadhim Hussein, Ali Jahangiri, Hussein Togun, Masoud Dehghani-Soufi, Shahbaz Abbas

“…Multi-scale modeling techniques, such as hybrid DNS-LES models, achieve a 5 % error margin in flame speed predictions, and Adaptive Mesh Refinement (AMR) reduces computational costs by 50 % without compromising accuracy. Experimental diagnostics, including Laser-Induced Fluorescence (LIF), Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV), and Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Spectroscopy (TDLAS), deliver high-resolution measurements, with PIV capturing flow fields at over 10 kHz and high-speed imaging recording transient combustion events at up to 100 kHz. …”
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Study of the functional diagram and algorithm of tracking system for electrodynamic braking of DC electric train by V. A. Baranov, I. P. Vikulov, A. A. Kiselev, A. S. Maznev

“…One of the key ways to save operating costs in suburban traffic on lines electrified with direct current is to increase the return of electric energy when the drivers use the regenerative braking mode.Electrodynamic braking control systems that track the magnitude of the voltage of the contact network  can increase the percentage of return of electric energy from the use of regenerative braking due to the rapid redistribution of energy generated by traction motors. …”
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Cardiologists' Perceptions of Cardiogenetic Testing and Management by W.H. Wilson Tang, MD, Quan M. Bui, MD, Allison L. Cirino, MS, CGC, Lisa Dellefave-Castillo, MS, CGC, Brendan J. Floyd, MD, PhD, MEd, Alejandra Guerchicoff, PhD, Marianna Guerchicoff, MD, Amit V. Khera, MD, MSc, Joshua W. Knowles, MD, PhD, Kristen Lafayette, MPP, Andrew P. Landstrom, MD, PhD, Daria W. Ma, MS, LCGC, MSHS, Ana Morales, MS, CGC, Kate M. Orland, MS, CGC, Daniel E. Pineda-Alvarez, MD, Siddharth K. Prakash, MD, PhD, Paul Theriot, BSBA, Melissa Dempsey, MS, CGC

“…Common barriers included perceived high cardiogenetic testing costs (60%), limited access to genetic counselors (59%), and lack of confidence in interpreting results (43%). …”
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Online evaluation method for MMC submodule capacitor aging based on CapAgingNet by Xinlan Deng, Youhan Deng, Liang Qin, Weiwei Yao, Min He, Kaipei Liu

“…Moreover, existing online approaches require additional sampling channels, thereby increasing system complexity and costs. To address these issues, this paper proposes an online evaluation method for submodule capacitor aging based on CapAgingNet. …”
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QUALITY OF LIFE IN PATIENTS WITH PRIOR OSTEOPOROTIC VERTEBRAL FRACTURE by A. G. Solodovnikov, O. M. Lesnyak, O. V. Dobrovolskaya, K. Yu. Belova, Yu. A. Varavko, G. Sh. Golubev, V. A. Grebenshchikov, O. B. Ershova, E. G. Zotkin, S. N. Ivanov, A. Yu. Kochish, L. V. Menshikova, K. P. Usenko

“…The work was done within the framework of the International Multicenter Study ICUROS (The International Costs and Utilities Related to Osteoporotic Fractures Study) organized by the International Osteoporosis Foundation (www.icuros.org).Results and discussion. …”
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Leveraging large language models to predict antibody biological activity against influenza A hemagglutinin by Ella Barkan, Ibrahim Siddiqui, Kevin J. Cheng, Alex Golts, Yoel Shoshan, Jeffrey K. Weber, Yailin Campos Mota, Michal Ozery-Flato, Giuseppe A. Sautto

“…However, their discovery and development remains a time-consuming and costly process. Recent advancements in machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI) have shown significant promise in revolutionizing antibody discovery field. …”
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Usability and Perceived Efficiency of an Adaptive Route Optimization Solution for Commercial Vehicles by Florian Anghelache, Nicolae Goga, Constantin Viorel Marian, Dan Alexandru Mitrea, Ionel-Bujorel Pavaloiu

“…Also, due to lower incident rates on these known and preferred itineraries, the overall business will benefit from increased vehicle fleet availability and fewer days in service, with lower maintenance costs. The paper evaluates the usability and perceived efficiency value of the proposed solution by statistically analyzing feedback from dispatchers and business owners.…”
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Impact of Inherited Thrombophilia on Pregnancy Complications and the Role of Low-Molecular-Weight Heparin Therapy: A Case–Control Study by Dragana Maglic, Vesna Mandic-Markovic, Zeljko Mikovic, Rastko Maglic, Radomir Anicic, Milica Mandic

“…Routine use in all IT pregnancies is not justified and may cause unnecessary risks and costs. Early screening, risk stratification, and individualized care are essential to optimize outcomes.…”
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Maintaining High Yield and Improving Quality of Non-Heading Chinese Cabbage Through Nitrogen Reduction in Different Seasons by Xingchen Liu, Yachen Wang, Xiaojun Qian, Zhen Wu, Rong Zhou, Xilin Hou, Yingbin Qi, Fangling Jiang

“…In its production, the excessive application of chemical fertilizers is common, resulting in increased production costs and decreased quality. Therefore, exploring appropriate nitrogen (N) application amounts is essential. …”
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Characterising flavour differences in Mandarin fish muscle under live prey and formulated feed diets using flavouromics and metabolomics by Yang Cheng, Junjian Dong, Hetong Zhang, Yuan Zhang, Fengying Gao, Fubao Wang, Ziyang Wang, Xing Ye, Chengbin Wu, Chengfei Sun

“…Substituting formulated feed for trash fish in aquaculture has the potential to reduce farming costs and decrease dependence on natural resources. …”
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A case study of using an efficient CRISPR/Cas9 system to develop variegated lettuce by Chi D Nguyen, Juncheng Li, Baiquan Mou, Haijun Gong, Heqiang Huo

“…However, the CRISPR/Cas9 system relies heavily on an efficient plant transformation system that is usually time-consuming and costly. Here, we have constructed a CRISPR-Cas9 vector with neomycin phosphotransferase II and green fluorescent protein (eGFP-NPTII), where the high expression of GFP during plant regeneration allowed us to minimize the positional effect on T-DNA expression and facilitate screening T-DNA-free mutants. …”
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Regulating chemicals globally is key to a successful plastics treaty by Susanne Brander, Andrea Bonisoli-Alquati, Xavier Cousin, Trisia Farrelly, Ricarda Fieber, Jane Muncke, Hervé Raps, Martin Wagner

“…The presence of harmful chemicals in plastics contributes to major public health burdens and is an environmental threat, with high annual costs that reduce the potential for economic development through safer recycling. …”
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Impacts of flexible renewable hybrid system with electric vehicles considering economic reactive power management on microgrid voltage stability and operation by Huan Xie, Ihab Omar, Husam Rajab, Rishabh Chaturvedi, Abdullah Abed Hussein, Narinderjit Singh Sawaran Singh, Jaber M. Asiri, Nimesh Raj, Tannmay Gupta, Ahmad Alizadeh

“…The design focuses on two core Objectives: minimizing operational costs and bolstering voltage security in the grid. …”
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Integrated rice husk biochar and compost to improve acid sulfate soil properties and corn growth by Puspita Harum Maharani, Eni Maftu'ah, Yiyi Sulaeman, Khairatun Napisah, Masganti Masganti, Mukhlis Mukhlis, Khairil Anwar, Rina Dirgahayu Ningsih, Novia Chairuman

“…Developing soil amendments from local resources is crucial to reduce input costs. This study investigated the effect of the integrated soil amendments (biochar, compost, and lime) on corn growth and the acid sulfate soil quality. …”
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The Modeling of Electromagnetic Behavior in the High-Frequency Range of Al₂O₃ and TiO₂ Thermoplastic Composites in Support of Developing New Substr... by Radu F. Damian, Cristina Pachiu, Alexandra Mocanu, Alexandru Trandabat, Romeo Cristian Ciobanu

“…The final outcomes of the simulations indicated that for creating new substrates for flexible electronics, polyethylene composites with TiO₂ insertions are suggested, particularly at lower concentrations of up to 7% and with a larger radius, such as 25 μm, which could offer significant economic advantages considering that the current concept advises the use of costly particles ranging from nanoscale particles to those 1 μm in size and a composition exceeding 10%.…”
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