Comparing the Effectiveness of Miswak+Aloe Vera Mouthwash with Chlorhexidine Mouthwash on the Prevention of Ventilator-Induced Pneumonia: A Randomized Clinical Trial by Mansoure Karimikia, Nazanin Amini, Korosh Rezaei, Azam Moslemi, Behnam Mahmoudieh

“…Background: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is a common nosocomial infection in patients hospitalized in the intensive care unit (ICU), which can lead to a long stay in the ICU, increased costs, and mortality. Method: This study was a randomized clinical trial conducted on 70 patients with a tracheal tube and hospitalized in the ICU. …”
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FORMATION OF SUSTAINABLE COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGES OF THE EAEU MEMBER STATES IN THE INVESTMENT SPHERE by V. L. Abramov, P. V. Alekseev

“…The authors propose to provide the gradual nature of this process, the gradual transition from the use of resource advantages to operational competitive advantages reflecting the efficiency of the use of natural, human resources and capital and allowing to reduce the costs of production and enhance competitiveness of goods and services. …”
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Naik Muhammad. Small and medium-sized businesses financing in the conditions of the covid-19 coronavirus pandemic by M. N. Mikhailyuk, M. К. Ashinova, M. Naik

“…The COVID-19 pandemic has caused large humanitarian and financial costs around the world that continue to rise. To protect lives and enable health care services to cope with the disease and to slack the spread of the virus, isolation measures, movement restrictions and massive closures were required. …”
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Despite Potential Risks African Elephants Do Not Always Avoid Mountaineering by Justine M. Teixeira, Rickert van derWesthuizen, Adrian M. Shrader

“…Yet, they tend to avoid terrain such as steep slopes where energetic costs of movement are high and there is a greater risk of falls and tumbles. …”
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Stress detection/assement in dairy cows by the determination of cortisol in hair by near-infrared (NIR), mid-infrared (MIR) and Raman spectroscopy by Octave S Christophe, Clément Grelet, Huzaïfa Simon, Julie Leblois, Vincent Baeten, Frédéric Dehareng

“…Hair cortisol concentration is a promising biomarker of chronic stress that is typically measured using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), which is reliable but costly and time-consuming. This study explores the potential of three vibrational spectroscopic techniques near-infrared (NIR), mid-infrared (MIR), and Raman spectroscopy to predict cortisol content in dairy cow hair samples as a more efficient alternative. 134 hair samples from 30 cows were analysed using bench-top spectrometers to obtain NIR, MIR and Raman spectra. …”
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The current state and the mechanism of the transformation of the ESG agenda by Russian companies. Part 2. by M. A. Izmailova

“…Among the barriers to the implementation of the ESG agenda: financial, associated with fears of non-return of investments and high costs for the ESG agenda; methodical, manifested in the absence of uniform standards and ESG indicators; lack of external incentives and low ESG-competence of management. …”
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Effects of Crumb Rubber-Modified Asphalt as a Pavement Layer in Railways: A Scoping Review by Milad Kazemian, Ebrahim Hadizadeh Raeisi, Ahmad Davari Ghezelhesar, Amir Hajimirzajan, Szabolcs Fischer

“…Key findings indicate that CRMA effectively reduces ground vibrations, enhances load distribution, and lowers long-term maintenance costs while promoting sustainable waste management through tire recycling. …”
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Barriers to healthcare for racialised populations in Europe: a scoping review of reviews by Yolanda González-Rábago, Nerea Lanborena, Elena Rodríguez-Álvarez

“…Key barriers include insufficient interpretation and intercultural mediation services, complex and restrictive administrative procedures, economic costs, and cultural insensitivity in clinical practices. …”
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The Essence and Content of Product Distribution as an Economic Category by Viktoriia Bozhkova, Mykhailo Bilukha

“…Effective distribution not only optimizes distribution processes but also enhances the efficiency of management decisions, which helps to reduce costs and increase profitability. At the same time, the lack of clear conceptual approaches to defining the essence of distribution complicates the integration of its various aspects into a unified management system and requires a comprehensive understanding of the theoretical foundations for the study of distribution as an economic category. …”
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Seismic isolation for existing structures: a review of retrofitting techniques, case studies, and trends by Wahab Abdul Ghafar, Tao Zhong, Zhengcong Lai, Zhang Pingle, Yang Yang, Md Mehedi Hasan

“…Despite its proven effectiveness, SI faces challenges including higher initial costs than conventional methods, technical complexities related to installation and foundation adaptation, long-term durability concerns, and regulatory barriers to its use. …”
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Deformation behavior of anisotropic TA18 titanium alloy tube in hydroforming process at room temperature by Xiao-Lei Cui, Yuanyang Zhao, Shijie Yin, Jiuqiang He

“…While hydroforming of titanium alloy at room temperature is difficult due to its high strength, low hardening capacity, and significant springback, it is typically deformed into desired shape under high-temperature conditions exceeding 500°C, which increases the complexity of the process and raises costs. In this paper, the hydroforming method was used to manufacture TA18 titanium alloy variable-diameter tubular components at room temperature based on an innovative idea of useful wrinkles. …”
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Recent technical advancements and clinical applications of MR-guided radiotherapy in lung cancer treatment by Chi Ma, Xiao Wang, Ke Nie, Zhenyu Xiong, Keying Xu, Ning Yue, Yin Zhang

“…Despite these benefits, the widespread adoption of MRgRT is challenged by high infrastructure costs, prolonged treatment time, and the need for specialized expertise. …”
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Monitoring of Water Quality for Reduced Water Use in a Partial Recirculating Aquaculture System by Petra Camilla Lindholm‐Lehto, Kalle Sinisalo, Jani Tapio Pulkkinen, Tapio Kiuru

“…In RAS, investment and production costs can be high, and due to the microbial actions typically occurring in RAS, off‐flavours can occur and accumulate in fish flesh. …”
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RSWD-YOLO: A Walnut Detection Method Based on UAV Remote Sensing Images by Yansong Wang, Xuanxi Yang, Haoyu Wang, Huihua Wang, Zaiqing Chen, Lijun Yun

“…Traditional manual counting methods are limited by labor and time costs, leading to inaccurate walnut quantity assessments. …”
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The Impact of Green Taxation on Sustainable Economic Development in the European Union by Valentin Marian Antohi, Costinela Fortea, Monica Laura Zlati, Marius Sorin Dinca

“…The econometric evidence also shows that, while taxation of polluting activities may generate short-term costs for some industries, in the long run, green taxation stimulates innovation and investment in clean technologies, thus contributing to sustainable economic growth. …”
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Kriging-Variance-Informed Multi-Robot Path Planning and Task Allocation for Efficient Mapping of Soil Properties by Laurence Roberts-Elliott, Gautham P. Das, Grzegorz Cielniak

“…However, traditional manual methods are slow, costly, and yield low spatial resolution. Deploying multiple robots with proximal sensors can address this challenge by parallelising the sampling process. …”
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Disease Burden and Treatment-Seeking Behaviour of Adults with Atopic Dermatitis in Singapore: An Online Cross-Sectional Survey by Yik Weng Yew, Malvin Kang, Sharanya Jois, Adrien Gras, Christian Apfelbacher

“…Results AD patients in Singapore face challenges like self-consciousness due to appearance (38%), treatment costs (36%) and the need for additional skincare (34%), with severe AD patients significantly more affected by these issues. …”
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Knowledge of Mothers Who Attending HaciQadir Antenatal Clinical Center Regarding Immunization by Sana Hassan Abdulsahib, Kafia Hashim Karim, Khalat Karwan Fares

“… Background: Immunization remains one of the most important public health interventions and costs effective strategy to reduce both the morbidity and mortality associated with infectious disease. …”
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Electric Bus Charging Schedules Relying on Real Data-Driven Targets Based on Hierarchical Deep Reinforcement Learning by Jiaju Qi, Lei Lei, Thorsteinn Jonsson, Lajos Hanzo

“…As a result, the high-level agent learns an effective policy for prescribing the charging targets for every charging period, while the low-level agent learns an optimal policy for setting the charging power of every time step within a single charging period, with the aim of minimizing the charging costs while meeting the charging target. It is proved that the flat policy constructed by superimposing the optimal high-level policy and the optimal low-level policy performs as well as the optimal policy of the original MDP. …”
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Finite element modeling method of centrifugal rotary processing by A. N. Soloviev, M. A. Tamarkin, Nguyen Van Tho

“…High productivity, low costs and extensive technological capabilities are the main advantages of these cleaning and finishing operations. …”
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