The Economic Burden of Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor on Patients and Caregivers in the UK, Europe, and North America by David Tabano, Arjun Watane, Richard Gale, Oliver Cox, Sarah R. Hill, Louise Longworth, Yemi Oluboyede, Ayesha Ahmed, Nimesh A. Patel

“…Each survey collected data to facilitate calculating economic burden, combining the total financial costs (i.e., direct costs to receive treatment) and productivity losses associated with attending treatment appointments over a 6-month period. …”
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Artificial Intelligence-Driven Innovations in Oncology Drug Discovery: Transforming Traditional Pipelines and Enhancing Drug Design by Albani FG, Alghamdi SS, Almutairi MM, Alqahtani T

“…Furthermore, AI-assisted clinical trial designs have further optimized the recruitment and stratification of patients, reducing the time and cost of trials. Despite these advancements, challenges such as data integration, transparency, and ethical considerations persist. …”
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The Effect of Spark Current Tuning on the Formation of Cu Nanoparticles Synthesized by Spark Ablation in Nitrogen Atmosphere by Maria Assunta Signore, Antonio Della Torre, Antonio Serra, Daniela Manno, Rosaria Rinaldi, Marco Mazzeo, Luca Nunzio Francioso, Luciano Velardi

“…The findings of this work promote spark ablation as a simple, versatile, cost-effective, environmentally friendly deposition method to obtain nitride-based nanoparticles. …”
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A Cloud-Based Approach to Modeling ERP Information Flows Using a Bivariate Pólya–Aeppli Process by Fatima Sapundzhi, Vesna Dimitrova, Meglena Lazarova, Slavi Georgiev, Michail Todorov, Venelin Todorov

“…A key benefit of these tools is to boost production and procurement activities for success in today’s competitive market which results in cost savings, will increase visibility, and also will improve rapid decision making.…”
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Effect of graphite filler on the physiochemical properties of graphite reinforced thermoset rooflite – unsaturated polyester resin composites by M. Karunakaran, Ravi Subban, A. Thangamani, Chinnaswamy Vijayakumar Thangavel

“…Carbon-based materials like graphite, which provides excellent mechanical strength and thermal conductivity to the polymer matrices, is of special interest because of its abundance, low cost and light weight when compared to other carbon allotropes. …”
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The impact of pharmacists-led medicines reconciliation on healthcare outcomes in secondary care: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. by Ejaz Cheema, Farah Kais Alhomoud, Amnah Shams Al-Deen Kinsara, Jomanah Alsiddik, Marwah Hassan Barnawi, Morooj Abdullah Al-Muwallad, Shatha Abdulbaset Abed, Mahmoud E Elrggal, Mahmoud M A Mohamed

“…<h4>Background</h4>Adverse drug events (ADEs) impose a major clinical and cost burden on acute hospital services. It has been reported that medicines reconciliation provided by pharmacists is effective in minimizing the chances of hospital admissions related to adverse drug events.…”
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An Implementation of Creep Test Assisting System with Dial Gauge Needle Reading and Smart Lighting Function for Laboratory Automation by Dezheng Kong, Nobuo Funabiki, Shihao Fang, Noprianto, Mitsuhiro Okayasu, Pradini Puspitaningayu

“…In this paper, to address the challenges, we implement a <i>creep test assisting system</i> that possesses the following features: (1) to save the installation cost, a web camera and <i>Raspberry Pi</i> are employed to capture images of the dial gauge and automate the needle reading by image processing in real time, (2) to ensure reliability under low-lighting environments, a smart lighting mechanism is integrated to turn on a supplementary light when the dial gauge is not clearly visible, and (3) to allow a user to stay in a distant place from the instrument during a creep test, material break is detected and the corresponding message is notified to a laboratory staff using <i>LINE</i> automatically. …”
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Sistema para distribuição integrada de contêineres cheios e vazios An empty and full containers integrated distribution system by Denise Lindstrom Bandeira, João Luiz Becker, Denis Borenstein

“…Next, a transhipment model determines the minimal cost solution, using linear programming. The transportation routes are registered and dynamically controlled, cycling through the stages, for a given time horizon. …”
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Exergy-Based Sustainability Assessment of Gold Mining in Colombia: A Comparative Analysis of Open-Pit and Alluvial Mining by Natalia A. Cano-Londoño, Javier Ordoñez-Loza, Héctor I. Velásquez, Heriberto Cabezas

“…This study presents the first application of exergy analysis to comprehensively assess the exergy cost of gold production, from extraction through refining, casting, and molding, highlighting critical exergy hotspots and offering a thermodynamic foundation for optimizing resource use in mineral processing.…”
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The potential role of cultural and religious healing practices in shaping community vulnerability to highly infectious diseases in western Kenya. by Naomi Wambui Ng'ang'a, Reuben Onkoba Momanyi, Caleb Chemirmir, Hazael Biwott, George Ayodo, Monica Orero, Damaris Ochanda, Sarah Ngere, Winnie Ogola, Titus Murundu, Geoffrey Munene, Zachary Misiani, Michael Ayabei, Richard Dimba Kiaka

“…The use of protective gear among healers was inconsistent and often absent due to cost or fears that it could undermine the patient's faith in the healer's powers. …”
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An explainable machine learning framework for railway predictive maintenance using data streams from the metro operator of Portugal by Silvia García-Méndez, Francisco de Arriba-Pérez, Fátima Leal, Bruno Veloso, Benedita Malheiro, Juan Carlos Burguillo-Rial

“…Furthermore, the accuracy obtained enables reliability, directly impacting cost reduction and increased safety. The analysis demonstrates that the pipeline maintains high performance even in the presence of class imbalance and noise, and its explanations effectively reflect the decision-making process. …”
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A Review on Liquid Pulsed Laser Propulsion by Sai Li, Baosheng Du, Qianqian Cui, Jifei Ye, Haichao Cui, Heyan Gao, Ying Wang, Yongzan Zheng, Jianhui Han

“…Laser propulsion is a new conceptual technology that drives spacecraft and possesses advantages such as high specific impulse, large payload ratio, and low launch cost. It has potential applications in diverse areas, such as space debris mitigation and removal, microsatellite attitude control, and orbital maneuvering. …”
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Experimental evaluation of lead adsorption from aqueous solution using carbon nanostructures derived from municipal sewage sludge by Hamid Rajabi, Zahra Mohammadi, Fatemeh Erami, Seid Mahdi Jafari

“…Overall, the findings demonstrate that MSS-derived CNMs are not only effective in removing lead from water but also offer a scalable, low-cost solution for repurposing municipal waste into functional materials for real-world wastewater treatment applications.…”
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Determinants of Building Information Modeling Adoption: The case of the Malaysian Construction Industry by Hafiz Muhammad Faisal Shehzad, Roliana Ibrahim, Khairul Anwar Mohamed Khaidzir, Fahad Maqbool, Muhammad Jauharul Fuady, Muhammad Ilyas, Ahmad Fadhil bin Yusof

“…The study's findings indicate that Perceived benefits, Organizational Capabilities, and Trialability are drivers of BIM adoption. Perceived cost and Insecurity are the barriers to BIM adoption. …”
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Intelligent vehicle platooning transit: System design, operations management, and field and simulation experiments by Chi Xie, Ziyu Zhang, Aijing Su, Bing Wu

“…In our conclusion, IVPT offers a sustainable, flexible, scalable, and cost-effective mass transit solution and has potential of becoming a backbone transit system for future urban areas.…”
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A Ship Emission Monitoring Option for Fuel Sulphur Content Measurement in Complex Environments by Fan Zhou, Xiaojia Lin, Liwei Hou

“…Limiting the fuel sulphur content (FSC) of ships can significantly reduce the harm caused by ship emissions, and analyzing ship exhaust gas to estimate FSC is a rapid, efficient, and low-cost monitoring method. To solve the difficulty in measuring FSC using sniffer equipment in a complex port area, a ship emission monitoring option for FSC measurement in complex environments is proposed here. …”
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Calculation Model for Adhesion Resistance in Differential Pressure Sticking of Downhole String by Zhou Yuting, Zhang Hui, Yang Boyuan, Wang Peng, Yu Qing, Liu Kerou, Lü Kunhong

“…Differential pressure sticking is one of the main causes for significantly increased non-production time and cost.The existing research on differential pressure sticking often relies on empirical summaries of field da-ta or laboratory tests，while the current theoretical model research also fails to consider the stress on pipe string，wellbore condition and mud cake strength.In this paper，considering the length，force and area of contact between the pipe string and the wellbore wall，a calculation model for the adhesion resistance in differential pressure stick-ing of downhole string was built.Then，the model was used for sensitivity analysis on the axial force of the string，the wellbore parameters（well diameter，hole angle，dogleg） and the mud cake parameters（mud cake thickness，elastic modulus，Poisson’s ratio，permeability），to understand how these factors affect the adhesion resistance.Finally，the model was verified through example application.The results show that for the axial force of the string，the adhesion resistance decreases with the increase of tension and increases with the increase of pressure.For the main wellbore parameters，the adhesion resistance decreases with the increase of well diameter and increases with the increase of hole angle and dogleg.For the main mud cake parameters，the adhesion resistance decreases with the increase of the elastic modulus of the mud cake，slightly decreases with the increase of the Poisson’s ratio of the mud cake，and first increases and then tends to be smooth with the increase of the mud cake permeability； and the maximum adhesion resistance increases with the increase of the mud cake thickness.The research results provide a theoretical basis for the further research on differential pressure sticking and a theoretical guidance for the field pre-vention of sticking accidents.…”
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Effects of web‐based interventions on quality of life among patients with breast cancer: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials by Lorinda A. Coombs, Myoungsuk Kim

“…Web‐based interventions are accessible, cost‐effective, and convenient for improving their quality of life. …”
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Designing strategies to reach the maximum number of women for comprehensive knowledge of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) by Jaimini Sarkar, Chiradeep Sarkar

“…There is a need to frame cost-effective, rapid, and confidential awareness strategies that will eventually encourage people to test.…”
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Spatio-Temporal Travel Speed Estimation in Mixed Traffic Conditions: A Probe Vehicle-Based Approach With Autonomous Vehicle Sensor Integration by Hyungjoo Kim, Seongeun Na, Jongho Kim, Sangsoo Lee, Jiho Yeo

“…Traditional traffic detection methods, relying on fixed-point sensors, face inherent limitations, including high installation costs, limited spatial coverage, and accuracy degradation in congested conditions. …”
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