Fabrication and validation of an affordable DIY coaxial 3D extrusion bioprinter by M. Jergitsch, R. Soiunov, F. Selinger, M. Frauenlob, L. M. Delgado, S. Perez-Amodio, R. A. Perez, M. A. Mateos-Timoneda

“…In conclusion, we developed a cost-effective DIY coaxial 3D bioprinter capable of extruding soft cell-laden hydrogels that are not printable by conventional extrusion bioprinting. …”
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Statistical analysis of the established salary in small and medium enterprises by Yu. S. Pin’kovetskaya

“…The following tasks were solved: the indexes, characterizing average monthly salary of employees based on the mentioned enterprises were assessed, belonging to different size categories and located in each of the regions; the relations were established between the average monthly salaries of employees of aggregates of small and medium enterprises and the cost of living in all regions of the country.Preliminary results of stopwatch reading of small and medium business activities in 2015 were used as initial data. …”
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Laboratory Study on Rockburst Control by Step Method in Deep Tunnel by Chao Ren, Xiaoming Sun, Dongqiao Liu, Jinkun Yang

“…In addition, compared with the application of support, this method can achieve the effect of not increasing the construction process, not affecting the progress of the project and reducing the project cost. In view of this, the Gaoloushan deep-buried tunnel with rockburst was taken as the research object in this paper. …”
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The value of ultrasonography in predicting the outcomes of simple long bone fractures treated by closed intramedullary nail fixation by Tilak Rommel Pinto, Chiranjeevi Srinivasa Gowda, Anston Vernon Braggs, Kiyana Mirza, Aravinda Hegde K

“…Purpose: Ultrasonography has been used increasingly in orthopaedic practice credited to its low cost, easy accessibility, non-invasiveness, reproducibility, and safety from radiation. …”
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Image analysis using smartphones: relationship between leaf color and fresh weight of lettuce under different nutritional treatments by Hye Su Won, Eunji Lee, Seeun Lee, Ji-Hyeon Nam, Jiwon Jung, Yuna Cho, Thomas Evert, Noah Kan, Steven Kim, Dong Sub Kim

“…Instead of expensive equipment, smartphones are considered an accessible and low-cost alternative. The objectives of this study were to evaluate whether fresh weight in green and red lettuce could be predicted by leaf color (intensity of green color measured by RGB) under different fertilizer treatments using RGB imaging from two widely used smartphone models (Samsung Galaxy and Apple iPhone). …”
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3D printed polymers that mimic the mechanical properties of atherosclerotic blood vessels for training models: the advantageous degradation induced by UV radiation and hydrolysis by Joana Filipa Henriques, Lino Gonçalves, Ana Martins Amaro, Ana Paula Piedade

“…The application of additive manufacturing in this context is often associated with high production costs, mainly related to material synthesis. Commercial materials could break this limitation, but they are still misaddressed. …”
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Pharmacoeconomic analysis of the use of a fixed combination of tiotropium bromide and olodaterol as maintenance therapy in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in th... by S. К. Zyryanov, I. N. Dyakov

“…The use of a fixed combination of tiotropium bromide + olodaterol in such patients instead of monotherapy will reduce the direct costs of hospitalization by 21.1%, and the total costs (direct and indirect) – by 4.6%. …”
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Theoretical analysis of the forming process of closed die forging with flash and optimization design method of flash gutter by Xiang Zhang, Volodymyr Borysevych

“…The scientific novelty of the results obtained is as follows: A mathematical model of closed die forging with flash was established to analyze the metal plastic deformation and stress distribution, providing theoretical support for die design optimization, forging quality improvement, cost reduction, and productivity improvement. Using the Deform-2D finite element simulation, the optimal design criterion for the flash was refined, resulting in a substantial reduction in the flash amount and material savings.…”
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Applying Energy Dissipation Rate GNSS Accelerometry to a Non‐Circular Orbiting Satellite by D. J. Fitzpatrick, R. L. Bishop, M. D. Pilinski, S. E. Palo

“…Abstract The increase in the number of objects in Low‐Earth Orbit has heightened the demand for high‐accuracy orbital prediction models driven by dependable measurements of thermospheric mass density (TMD). Given the added cost and complexity burden of equipping satellites with high precision accelerometers, recent attention has focused on alternative techniques for observing TMD such as “GNSS accelerometry,” which involves harnessing spacecraft as instruments themselves to quantify thermospheric density vis‐à‐vis orbital decay. …”
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Implementation of a Neural Network for Adaptive PID Tuning in a High-Temperature Thermal System by Juan Carlos Almachi, Ramiro Vicente, Edwin Bone, Jessica Montenegro, Edgar Cando, Salvatore Reina

“…Relying on commodity hardware and open-source tools, this approach offers a cost-effective solution for legacy furnace upgrades and provides a replicable model for adaptive control in high-temperature, safety-critical environments like metal processing, battery cycling, and nuclear systems.…”
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Efficacy of silicone foam dressings in preventing pressure injuries in the sacral and heel areas of patients: a meta-analysis by Tingkui Fu, Xiuqin Wu, Biao Yu

“…However, further research is required to explore their cost-effectiveness and long-term outcomes to strengthen evidence for broader implementation.…”
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Dietary index for gut microbiota and its inverse association with female infertility: evidence from NHANES 2013–2018 by Chiqiang Cheng, Xi He, Chunhua Zhou, Liu Ouyang, Yang Zhao, Jiahui Li, Fangfang Liu, Xia Gao

“…Subgroup analyses indicated stronger associations in women with lower education levels and those with coronary heart disease (P for interaction <0.05).ConclusionOur findings demonstrate that a higher DI-GM score is associated with a reduced risk of female infertility, suggesting that dietary interventions targeting gut microbiota may offer a cost-effective strategy for improving reproductive health. …”
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Feasibility Study of Using 5G Signals for Illumination Purposes in Passive Radar by V. M. Kutuzov, V. I. Veremyev, Nguyen Van Tuan, E. N. Vorobev

“…The absence of its own transmitter determines the main advantages of passive radars compared to conventional active radars: lower cost, silent operation, no electromagnetic impact on other radio equipment and the environment. …”
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Cholecalciferol (vitamin D3): efficacy, safety, and implications in public health by Esteban Ortiz-Prado, Jorge Vasconez-Gonzalez, Juan S. Izquierdo-Condoy, Isaac A. Suárez-Sangucho, José Guillermo Prieto-Marín, Karen Bereniss Villarreal-Burbano, Mateo Alejandro Barriga-Collantes, John Alexander Altamirano-Castillo, Domenic Anahi Borja-Mendoza, Jean Carlo Pazmiño-Almeida, María Paz Cadena-Padilla

“…Food fortification and targeted screening remain underutilized yet cost-effective public health interventions. Overall, vitamin D₃ represents a promising but complex therapeutic agent, necessitating further rigorously designed clinical trials to establish evidence-based guidelines for its use in diverse pathological conditions.…”
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Estimation of water use efficiency (WUE) for efficient irrigation level of oil palm during the main nursery phase by Iput Pradiko, Rana Farrasati, Nuzul Hijri Darlan, Sumaryanto Sumaryanto, Dhaffa Agung Thirafi

“…Therefore, irrigation in oil palm nurseries should be based on ETa to improve efficiency and lower costs. These findings offer practical guidance for farmers or plantation management to support more sustainable and cost-effective irrigation practices.…”
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High intensity focused ultrasound periosteal ablation in an animal model: potential for palliation of bone metastases by Ron Aginsky, Suzanne Leblang, Eric Miller, Brian Skoglind, Abraham Nyska, Niv Rebhun, Michael Gofeld, Jean-Francois Aubry, Arik Hananel

“…Ablation of sensory nerves endings along the periosteum with magnetic resonance imaging guided high intensity focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) proved safe and clinically effective for pain relief in patients with bone metastases, received FDA and CE approval, but has not gained widespread adoption due to significant cost and procedural and logistical complexity. This preclinical study evaluated the safety and feasibility of a fluoroscopy-guided high intensity focused ultrasound platform to ablate a targeted region along the surface of bones.Methods Two healthy adult pigs received 6 kJ to 10 kJ sonications to the femur, ileum, and ribs. …”
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Amyloidosis Screening by Biopsy During Carpal Tunnel Release: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis by Peter C. Ferrin, MD, Gwendolyn Daly, MD, Angelo B. Lipira, MD, MA, Ravi F. Sood, MD, MS

“…Future studies should further refine diagnostic criteria to optimize cost-effectiveness of widespread screening.…”
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Understanding smallholder dairy productivity and poverty reduction in Eritrea by Stephen Onakuse, Lilian Treasure, Okbasilassie Msghina, Kahsay Negash

“…Dairy experience, labor cost, and membership in a cooperative had a posi­tive effect on the labor productivity of male farm­ers. …”
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Green Protein Extraction from Hazelnut Press Cake: Yield, Efficiency, and Secondary Structure Analysis by Bruna Anzà, Silvia Fraterrigo Garofalo, Alessandro Lapolla, Debora Fino

“…Alkali solubilization/isoelectric precipitation (ALKIS) is a widely used method for protein extraction due to its simplicity and cost-effectiveness. Despite that, ALKIS extraction has limitations due to the alteration in protein functionality, a reduction in protein stability, and significant wastewater production. …”
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A Heuristic Optical Flow Scheduling Algorithm for Low-Delay Vehicular Visible Light Communication by Zhengying Cai, Shumeng Lei, Jingyi Li, Chen Yu, Junyu Liu, Guoqiang Gong

“…Finally, a series of benchmark experiments are conducted to show that the proposed algorithm can efficiently schedule optical flows with minimal delay. The cost of this algorithm is very low, and it is suitable for deployment on edge computing platforms such as vehicles.…”
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