Allergic rhinoconjunctivitis (a tool to help clinicians) by N. A. Aref’eva, V. V. Brzheskii, V. V. Vishnyakov, A. V. Emel’yanov, S. A. Karpishchenko, S. Ya. Kosyakov, A. S. Lopatin, D. Yu. Maichuk, Ya. A. Nakatis, I. V. Otvagin, G. Z. Piskunov, D. P. Polyakov

“…Therapeutic strategy is determined by the effect of a drug on certain symptoms and allergy clinical course, adverse reaction and complication risks, age limitations, and costs. Stepwise approach to the treatment of allergic rhinoconjunctivitis should be based onsymptom severity. …”
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Integration of Coke and CNMs with Bitumen: Synthesis, Methods, and Characterization by Muhammad Hashami, Yerdos Ongarbayev, Yerbol Tileuberdi, Yerzhan Imanbayev, Ainur Zhambolova, Aliya Kenzhegaliyeva, Zulkhair Mansurov

“…Both the superior mechanical properties of carbon nanomaterials and processing advancements in nano-enhanced bitumen have the capability to solve technical issues including material costs and specialized mixing processes. Combining coke with CNMs to enhance performance is a future research direction, which could result in economic and scalability considerations. …”
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Numerical Simulation of Drilling Fluid-Wellbore Interactions in Permeable and Fractured Zones by Diego A. Vargas Silva, Zuly H. Calderón, Darwin C. Mateus, Gustavo E. Ramírez

“…In well drilling operations, interactions between drilling fluid water-based and the well-bore present significant challenges, often escalating project costs and timelines. Particularly, fractures (both induced and natural) and permeable zones at the wellbore can result in substantial mud loss or increased filtration. …”
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Optimization of Multi-Energy Grid Integration and Energy Storage in Low-Carbon Power Systems Based on the TCM-MBZOA Algorithm: A Case Study of Yunnan Province by Yang Li, Guoen Zhou, Jiaqi Xue, Junwei Yang, Shi Yin

“…The outer model maximizes the annual revenue of third-party energy storage operators, while the inner model minimizes operational costs, carbon emissions, and renewable energy curtailment within multiple virtual power plants. …”
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RE-BPFT: An Improved PBFT Consensus Algorithm for Consortium Blockchain Based on Node Credibility and ID3-Based Classification by Junwen Ding, Xu Wu, Jie Tian, Yuanpeng Li

“…Experimental results indicate that RE-BPFT markedly reduces consensus latency and communication costs while achieving higher throughput and better scalability than classical PBFT, RBFT, and PPoR algorithms. …”
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Transforming Care: Exploring Consumer and Pharmacist Perceptions of Expanded Pharmacy Practice in Rural and Remote Communities by Selina Taylor, Shelby Joyce, Ruby Schembri, Josh Swain, Rachael Turiano, Beverley D. Glass

“…Pharmacists highlighted the need for better reimbursement models and professional collaboration, while consumers valued accessibility and convenience but were concerned about the costs of services. This study has highlighted the benefits of expanded pharmacy services as perceived by the key stakeholders: consumers and pharmacists. …”
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Optimal allocation of urban land space based on NSGA2 by Yi Guo, Chaoqin Bai, Peiwen Zhao

“…Based on this, the study adopts the optimization goals of maximizing gross domestic product (GDP), reducing aerosol optical thickness and non-point source pollution (NPSP) load, and reducing land use change costs and incongruity. Three constraints are set simultaneously, including minimum construction land, water body, and cultivated land area. …”
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Crushed Stone Grain Shapes Classification Using Convolutional Neural Networks by Alexey N. Beskopylny, Evgenii M. Shcherban’, Sergey A. Stel’makh, Irina Razveeva, Alexander L. Mailyan, Diana Elshaeva, Andrei Chernil’nik, Nadezhda I. Nikora, Gleb Onore

“…These models provide for the complete automation of crushed stone grain typing, leading to reduced labor costs and a decreased likelihood of human error.…”
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Wind and grid energy-based onshore beach charging station for electric vehicles: An integration infrastructure with techno economics, sustainable mobility, and environmental protec... by Anis ur Rehman, Muhammad Fahad Zia, Harism. Khalid, Zafar Said, S.M. Muyeen

“…The results show the high potential of the proposed infrastructure to reduce energy costs by nearly 50% through the incorporation of wind energy and lessen carbon emissions by 64% .© 2017 Elsevier Inc. …”
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Enhanced nonlinear equalization for OFDM systems in IoT-based intelligent transportation using CGLS algorithms by Jafar Ababneh, Hani Attar, Zakaria Che Muda, Ilhami Colak, Mohanad A. Deif, Samir Bendoukha, Ahmed Solyman

“…Simulation results show that the proposed methods significantly reduce bit error rates and achieve up to a 5 dB performance improvement over traditional approaches, while keeping computational costs low enough for real-time IoT applications. …”
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DIGITALIZATION IN AGRICULTURE AS A DRIVER OF INDUSTRY GROWTH by A. V. Soldatenko, A. F. Razin, M. V. Shatilov, M. I. Ivanova, O. V. Rossinskaya, O. A. Razin, T. N. Surikhina

“…All this will be achieved due to lower production costs, higher yields, increased gross margin, expansion of the market, attracting highly qualified specialists and investors in the agricultural sector. …”
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Near-Infrared Spectroscopy and Machine Learning for Fast Quality Prediction of Bottle Gourd by Xiao Guo, Hongyu Huang, Haiyan Wang, Chang Cai, Ying Wang, Xiaohua Wu, Jian Wang, Baogen Wang, Biao Zhu, Yun Xiang

“…Protein and amino acid content are the crucial quality parameters in bottle gourd, and traditional measurement methods for detecting those parameters are complicated, time-consuming, and costly. In this study, we employed NIRS along with machine learning and neural network-based methods to model and predict protein and free amino acids (FAAs) of bottle gourd. …”
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Redefining food processing: Smart innovations for efficiency and eco-friendly production by Sembiring Nurhayati, Khalif Farhan A., Herlim Christian, Tarigan Elsera Br, Puspitasari Mahardika

“…However, barriers to adopting new technologies, such as high initial costs and consumer resistance, must be addressed through government incentives and educational initiatives. …”
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Use of Mixed Micelles in Micellar Electrokinetic Chromatography Method for Determination of Dexamethasone, Prednisolone and Triamcinolone in Pharmaceutical Formulations by Karen A. Escamilla-Lara, Israel S. Ibarra, Jorge Lopez-Tellez, Jose A. Rodriguez

“…Therefore, it is important to develop methodologies that allow their analysis in pharmaceutical matrices with competitive analysis times and costs. The determination of corticosteroids by micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC) using a background electrolyte (BGE) composed of phosphate buffer and a micellar pseudo-stationary phase constituted by a mixture of surfactants is proposed as an alternative quantification technique. …”
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Impact of Alternative Feed Ingredients and Feeding Strategies on Growth, Muscle Morphology, and Fillet Quality of Genetically Selected Gilthead Seabream (<i>Sparus aurata</i>) in a... by Paula Sarmiento, Pedro L. Castro, Rafael Ginés

“…Strategies like restricted feeding reduce costs and improve sustainability by minimizing feed waste and enhancing water quality, while selective breeding boosts growth and adapts fish to innovative diets. …”
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THE EFFECTS OF FIRM ATTRIBUTES ON EARNINGS MANAGEMENT OF QUOTED CEMENT COMPANIES IN NIGERIA by Umar Salim Ibrahim, Abubakar Musa, Hamisu Aisha Haruna, Oyegunle kazeem Olanrewaju, Babagana Abba, Jamilu Madaki, Fatihu Shehu Isa, Muhammad Surajo Abdulwahab

“…The idea behind sampling is to ascertain an adequate size that will represent the total population thereby saving costs and time wastage. The outcome of the study justified firm size (SIZE) has a positive and insignificant relationship with earnings management of listed cement firms (? …”
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Hydropower and environmental flow management: System-level trade-offs at Glen Canyon Dam by M. Pavičević, Q. Ploussard, T. Veselka, M. Usis, W.A. Henriquez, J. Wilhite

“…The study examines the financial and economic impacts of bypass flows designed to release colder water to prevent SMB spawning, which can significantly reduce hydropower output and increase costs. New Hydrological Insights for the Region: The research identifies that declining reservoir levels and rising water temperatures in Lake Powell have facilitated SMB spawning, posing a threat to native fish populations like the endangered humpback chub. …”
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Employment of Biodegradable, Short-Life Mulching Film on High-Density Cropping Lettuce in a Mediterranean Environment: Potentials and Prospects by Marco Pittarello, Maria Teresa Rodinò, Rossana Sidari, Maria Rosaria Panuccio, Francesca Cozzi, Valentino Branca, Beatrix Petrovičová, Antonio Gelsomino

“…Biodegradable mulch films were developed over the last decades to replace polyethylene, but their short durability and higher costs still limit their diffusion. This work aimed to test an innovative composite mulching film constituted by a mixture of carboxylmethyl cellulose, chitosan and sodium alginate, enriched or not with an inorganic N- and P-source to help the microbial breakdown in soil. …”
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Comparing the short-term clinical efficacy and nutritional status of Kamikawa and double-tract reconstruction in laparoscopic proximal gastric cancer surgery by Haicheng Yang, Zhuo Han, Ying Yang, Jiaxing He, Bo Zhang, Shuai Zhou, Tao Wu, Qing Qiao, Xianli He, Nan Wang

“…However, there were no significant difference in postoperative first flatus time, first feeding time, the number of lymph nodes removed, lymph nodes dissection time and total hospitalization costs between the two groups. The Kamikawa group showed better nutritional recovery ability and lower reflux ratio of upper gastrointestinal radiography than the DTR group. …”
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Heterogeneous-IRS-Assisted Millimeter-Wave Systems: Element Position and Phase Shift Optimization by Weibiao Zhao, Qiucen Wu, Hao Wei, Dongliang Su, Yu Zhu

“…However, their large number of reflecting elements still results in non-negligible power consumption and hardware costs. To address this issue, we previously proposed a green heterogeneous IRS (HE-IRS) consisting of both dynamically tunable elements (DTEs) and statically tunable elements (STEs). …”
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