Advances in Selective Photocatalytic Oxidation of <i>p</i>-Xylene to Terephthalic Acid as a Sustainable Route: A Short Review on Photocatalyst Formulation and Related Reaction Mech... by Antonietta Mancuso, Olga Sacco, Vincenzo Vaiano

“…Additionally, scaling up the photocatalytic process for industrial applications requires overcoming issues related to catalyst stability, recyclability, and cost-effectiveness. Continued research on improving catalyst performance and long-term stability will be essential for establishing photocatalytic oxidation of <i>p</i>-xylene as a viable and environmentally friendly route for terephthalic acid production.…”
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Internet-of-Things-Based CO₂ Monitoring and Forecasting System for Indoor Air Quality Management by Marya J. Marquez-Zepeda, Ildeberto Santos-Ruiz, Esvan-Jesús Pérez-Pérez, Adrián Navarro-Díaz, Jorge-Alejandro Delgado-Aguiñaga

“…This study presents a low-cost and scalable CO₂ monitoring system that leverages NDIR sensors and a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) neural network to predict indoor CO₂ concentrations over both short- and long-term horizons. …”
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A state-of-the-art review of geotechnical challenges and opportunities in recycling and reusing sewage sludge as landfill cover material: A review by Mohammad Jamalimoghadam, Amir Hossein Vakili, Hossein Bahmyari, Abdollah Tabaroei

“…Moreover, this paper furnishes an extensive survey of advancements in landfill cover systems incorporating SS, elucidating the underlying principles governing their effectiveness. SS could be a cost-effective alternative to traditional landfill covers with proper engineering and management, addressing waste disposal challenges and promoting environmental benefits. …”
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Electrochemical Immunosensor Using COOH-Functionalized 3D Graphene Electrodes for Sensitive Detection of Tau-441 Protein by Sophia Nazir, Muhsin Dogan, Yinghui Wei, Genhua Pan

“…Early diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is essential for effective treatment; however current diagnostic methods are often complex, costly, and unsuitable for point-of-care testing. …”
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Predictors of Hospital Length of Stay among Patients with Low-risk Pulmonary Embolism by Li Wang, Onur Baser, Phil Wells, W. Frank Peacock, Craig I. Coleman, Gregory J. Fermann, Jeff Schein, Concetta Crivera

“…# Background Increased hospital length of stay is an important cost driver in hospitalized low-risk pulmonary embolism (LRPE) patients, who benefit from abbreviated hospital stays. …”
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Linkable Ring Signature for Privacy Protection in Blockchain-Enabled IIoT by Fang Guo, Yulong Gao, Jian Jiang, Xueting Chen, Xiubo Chen, Zhengtao Jiang

“…Compared with other similar schemes, the performance simulation indicates that our scheme’s public key and signature are shorter in size, and its computation overhead and time cost are lower. Consequently, our novel LRS scheme is more secure and practical, which provides privacy protection and anti-quantum security for the blockchain-enabled IIoT.…”
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Exploring Trust in Health Insurers: Insights from Enrollees’ Perceptions and Experiences by Frank J. P. van der Hulst, Sanne Huijgen, Anne E. M. Brabers, Judith D. de Jong

“…However, some perceive insurers as profit-driven and prioritising cost reduction over individual needs, leading to dissatisfaction. …”
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Optimizing the compliance third-party supervision workflow of involved enterprises using artificial intelligence ant colony algorithm by Danqi Chen, Weichen Jia, Qi Chen, Jianing Chen, Zhi Li

“…Among the metrics data for the ACO-optimized test set were 0.03 and 0.025 for MSE (Mean Square Error) and Γ, 0.8, 0.78, 0.79, and 0.88 for Accuracy, Recall, F1 Score, and AUC-ROC (Area Under the Curve–Receiver Operating Characteristic), and 0.28, 0.4, 0.88, and 0.12 for CER (Cost-Effectiveness Ratio), NPV (Net Present Value), SCR (Supervision Coverage Rate), and CRC (Compliance Rate Change), respectively. …”
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Challenges in carbon ink formulation and strategies for fabrication of flexible supercapacitors by Mohammad Saquib, Shilpa Shetty, Lakshmikanth M, Akshatha Rathod, Kavya Naik, Ramakrishna Nayak, M. Selvakumar

“…The growing demand for flexible electronics has highlighted the significance of carbon-based conductive inks due to their cost-effectiveness, processability, conductivity, biocompatibility, and flexibility. …”
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Long-term adaptation mitigates the promotion effect of air pollution on short-term population movements by Chongjia Luo, Xiaotong Yan, Bowen Wang, Abdelrahman Ali, Abdelrahman Ali

“…IntroductionWhile permanent migration has been extensively studied as a health-protective strategy for residents to avoid air pollution, national-level evidence regarding the short-term movement as a potentially more cost-effective measure remains limited.MethodsThis study used the instrumental variable approach to empirically examine the effect and mechanism of air pollution on short-term population movements in China by using a cross-city daily panel dataset.ResultsOur results showed that air pollution significantly promotes short-term population movements. …”
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Effectiveness of Token Economy Therapy in Reducing Aggressive Behaviors Among Orphanage Children: A Pilot Study by Jaya J. Varghese, Shweta Joshi, S. Prema, J. Jasmine Jesy, Sadhana Adhyapak, Jamadar Khurshid

“…Its structured, reward-based approach may offer a scalable and cost-effective behavioural intervention in institutional care settings. …”
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A Semi-Automated RGB-Based Method for Wildlife Crop Damage Detection Using QGIS-Integrated UAV Workflow by Sebastian Banaszek, Michał Szota

“…The method offers a repeatable, cost-effective, and field-operable alternative to multispectral or AI-based approaches, making it suitable for integration with precision agriculture practices and wildlife population management.…”
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Towards automatic farrowing monitoring-A Noisy Student approach for improving detection performance of newborn piglets. by Martin Wutke, Clara Lensches, Ulrich Hartmann, Imke Traulsen

“…Secondly, the approach presented can be transferred to other research questions and species, thereby reducing the problem of cost-intensive annotation processes and increase training efficiency. …”
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Genetic Evaluation of Children with Global Developmental Delay—Current Status of Network Systems in Taiwan by Yong-Lin Foo, Julie Chi Chow, Ming-Chi Lai, Wen-Hui Tsai, Li-Chen Tung, Mei-Chin Kuo, Shio-Jean Lin

“…Accessibility to advanced expensive tests such as gene chips or whole exome sequencing is limited because of funding problems; however, the service system in Taiwan can still operate in a relatively cost-effective manner. This experience in Taiwan may serve as a reference for other countries.…”
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CARBON-FIBRE-REINFORCED POLYMER PARTS EFFECT ON SPACECRAFT OPTOELECTRONIC MODULE LENS SCATTERING by S. S. Kolasha, R. V. Fiodortсev, A. V. Starovoitov

“…Spacecraft optoelectronic modules traditionally have aluminum alloy or titanium alloy casing which substantial weight increases fuel consumption required to put them into orbit and, consequently, total cost of the project. Carbon fiber reinforced polymer based composite constructive materials is an efficient solution that allows reducing weight and dimensions of large optoelectronic modules 1,5–3 times and the coefficient of linear thermal expansion 15–20 times if compared with metals. …”
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Location Optimization Strategies for Corn Production and Distribution towards Sustainable Green Supply Chain by Labiba Noshin Asha, Lucy G. Aragon, Arup Dey, Nita Yodo

“…Primary objectives include cost minimization and greenhouse gas reduction, enabling the prioritization of economic or environmental goals as per organizational strategies and regulations. …”
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Valorization and thermogravimetric analysis of periwinkle shell-reinforced AA6061 aluminum composites for enhanced performance and sustainability by Obinna O Barah, Kennedy C Onyelowe, Stephen N Nnamchi, Milon S Dennison, Pius E BUBU

“…This study investigates the valorization of Periwinkle Shell Powder (PSP) as a sustainable and cost-effective reinforcement material in AA6061 aluminum composites. …”
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Degradation Analysis of Chaotic Systems and their Digital Implementation in Embedded Systems by Rodrigo Méndez-Ramírez, Adrian Arellano-Delgado, Miguel Murillo-Escobar, César Cruz-Hernández

“…We conducted comparative studies of performance based on time complexity of the five proposed CSs in their DVs by using four embedded systems (ESs) based on three families of Microchip microcontrollers 8-bit PIC16F, 16-bit dsPIC33FJ, and 32-bit PIC32MZ (of low-cost electronic implementation) and a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). …”
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A NARRATIVE REVIEW ON AUTOMATION AND DIGITALIZATION IN QUALITY CONTROL LABORATORIES OF PHARMACEUTICALS by Sheikh Abdul Khaliq, Muhammad Kashif, Muhammad Jiyad Shaikh, Ijaz Hussain

“…The advantages of TLA are cost-effectiveness, management of labor, maintenance prediction, and effective decision-making. …”
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Optimizing development of anti-TNFα biosimilars based on 10 years’ experience by Cecil Nick

“…Additionally, as of the end of 2024, no cases where clinical efficacy data were necessary to resolve residual quality concerns have arisen following regulatory assessment of 56 mAb biosimilars and fusion proteins. CETs add significant cost and delay to the development of biosimilars and the time is now ripe to re-examine the need for these CET’s and for further evolution in regulatory thinking.…”
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