PROCESS OF CHANGES OF MAINTENANCE-FREE ONBOARD SYSTEM OPERATIONAL STATUS BETWEEN SCHEDULED MAINTENANCES by A. M. Bronnikov, D. V. Morozov

“…Basing on the information about the probabilities of the on-board equipment being in an operable, extreme or failed state, it is possible to calculate such complex efficiency indicators as the average loss of sorties, the average operating costs, the expected number of emergency recovery operations and others. …”
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Technology and equipment for harvest and transportation of grain in selection and primary seed breeding by N. E. Evtyushenkov, M. L. Kryukov, E. P. Shilova, S. V. Vlasova

“…Use of such containers will allow to lower labor and farm costs and by 5 times, to double filling of warehouses, completely to liquidate manual works at loading and unloading operations, to reduce wasted time by 1.5-2 times.…”
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Transfer Probability-Based Job Reallocation Method for Heterogeneous Edge Clouds by Kohei Ogawa, Sumiko Miyata, Kenji Kanai

“…Current k-means-based server-placement and job-allocation methods primarily minimize communication costs but fail to handle heterogeneous server performance. …”
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Youth agripreneurs' preferences and willingness to pay for climate-smart dairy technologies in Kenya by Dickson Otieno Okello

“…Abstract Nakuru County, a leading dairy farming region in Kenya, faces challenges such as climate variability, high feed costs, and limited access to modern technologies, which hinder productivity and profitability. …”
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Estudos sobre fungos micorrízicos Studies on mycorrhizal fungi by Vênia C. de Souza, Ricardo A. da Silva, Gleibson D. Cardoso, Artur F. Barreto

“…The techniques of modern Science formed the bases of the mycorrhizalogy that spread in world and today represents an important branch of Biological Sciences, with great possibilities for the commercial scanning, aiming to magnify the wood production, vegetable fibers and foods and to reduce the costs and the impact of modern systems of production on environment. …”
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Applications of the Shapley Value to Financial Problems by Olamide Ayodele, Sunday Timileyin Ayodeji, Kayode Oshinubi

“…In many scenarios, participants contribute unequally to collective outcomes, raising the question of how to distribute costs, benefits, or opportunities in a justifiable and optimal manner. …”
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SimpleScale: Simplifying the Training of an LLM Model Using 1024 GPUs by Tianfa Li, Jingshan Pan, Siwei Ma, Aleksandr Raikov, Alexander Arkhipov

“…For example, utilizing a 16-H100 GPU cluster accelerated the traditional TinyLlama training time costs from 89.05 days to 39.05 days. In the future, the project team plans to integrate Flash-Attention3, aiming for an MFU of more than 60% while maintaining the acceleration achieved in the present work.…”
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Customer’s Adoption Intentions toward Autonomous Delivery Vehicle Services: Extending DOI Theory with Social Awkwardness and Use Experience by Miaojia Lu, Chengyuan Huang, Ran Wang, Hao Li

“…The high demand and acute timeliness that characterizes instant delivery entail the challenges of high labor costs and an increase in courier traffic accidents. …”
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DETERMINING AGRICULTURAL INSURANCE PREMIUMS USING THE BLACK-SCHOLES APPROACH BASED ON LINEAR REGRESSION OF POTATO PRODUCTION AND PRICES by Sri Purwani, Sarah Sutisna, Rayyan Al Muddatstsir Fasa

“…Price fluctuations, which often occur in the agricultural sector, cause farmers to experience losses when selling prices are not balanced with production costs. The government is trying to minimize farmers' losses by issuing an agricultural insurance program. …”
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Adoption of e-learning in Zimbabwe’s higher education: Opportunities and challenges by Pinias Chikuvadze, Joseph Zuva, Samuel Mugijima, Patrick C. Rusike

“…This led to the interrogation of the potential of e-learning to enhance accessibility, reduce costs, and improve educational outcomes. However, it also identifies significant barriers, including limited internet connectivity, inadequate technological infrastructure and resistance to change from both lecturers and students.  …”
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Policy-Driven Scenarios for Sustainable Peri-Urban Land Use: Production–Living–Ecological Space in Yubei District, Chongqing by Yilong Li, Yu-Ting Tang, Christopher D. Ives

“…Using the transformation of production–living–ecological (PLE) spaces in the Yubei District, a peri-urban district in Chongqing (2005 to 2020), as the baseline, the projections, simulated for 2035 under four scenarios, highlight the impacts of varying land-use policies: the reference scenario (RS), allowing unrestricted transformations, risks agricultural productivity and ecological integrity; the economic development scenario (S1) reveals the ecological costs associated with an economics-driven urban expansion; in contrast, the green development (S2) and agricultural land protection (S3) scenarios prioritize balanced growth and agricultural-land preservation so that ecological resilience and food security can be effectively maintained. …”
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Development of the bamboo forest economy: Reviewing China's 'bamboo as a substitute for plastic initiative' and its development by Yanyi Li, Nan Wang, Abdul Rais Abdul Latiff

“…We identify several challenges facing China's bamboo industry, including an incomplete industrial chain, high development costs and low mechanisation, and present specific policy recommendations designed to facilitate the sustainable advancement of the bamboo forest economy. …”
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Definition in testing for the probability of exit of the aircraft in informational contact with air objects by S. V. Nikolaev, A. A. Tikhonov, D. S. Merencov

“…In addition, detecting the given performance indicator in flight experiments is inappropriate because of significant resource costs. This technique is suitable for practical testing purposes and allows determining the aircraft efficiency index when searching air objects – the probability of an information contact with a typical air facility. …”
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Task switching with probabilistic reward schemes by Markus Janczyk, Ludwig Danwitz, Kerstin Fröber, Bettina von Helversen

“…However, reward had no impact on switch costs. These results are discussed in the broader context of decision-making research, particularly in relation to strategies like WSLS and possibly different levels of cognitive processes affected by our manipulation and that of studies investigating transitions of reward prospect.…”
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Circular Economy in Agricultural Production: Potential for Implementation in New Institutional Conditions by Maria V. Tereshina, Sergey G. Tyaglov, Evgeniya V. Atamas

“…The differential characteristics of the concept of circular agricultural production are determined; the basic principles and limitations of a circular economy in agriculture are highlighted, as well as the benefits and costs of a circular transition in agriculture. Some specific characteristics of agricultural production in Krasnodar Territory are described, which determine the priority of implementing circular practices. …”
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Research on the Technology of Small Coal Pillars of Gob-Side Entry Retained in Deep Mines Based on the Roof Cutting for Pressure Unloading in the Lower Key Stratum by Yongjie Yang, Yang Zhang

“…This technology reduces labor intensity and production costs.…”
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Preventing electrically induced subsurface initiated pitting failures (incl. WSF, WEC, WEA) with copper based lubricant additives by Sergei Mamykin, Marc Ingram, Leyla Alieva, Varvara Privalova

“…These findings offer a scientifically grounded and practically viable solution to extend bearing life and prevent costly failures in high-load, high-reliability applications.…”
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Dynamic tracking of life cycle carbon emissions in power grids based on a flow network model by Chengwei Wang, Pei Li, Zhiyuan Yang, Haijin Wang

“…By incorporating life cycle emissions, the model provides critical insights for sustainable grid planning, highlighting trade-offs between renewable deployment, storage integration, and emission reduction costs. The methodology’s scalability and compatibility with both transmission and distribution networks position it as a robust tool for advancing analysis of low-carbon power systems.…”
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FINANCIAL MECHANISM OF ELECTRONIC TRADING ON THE STOCK MARKET AND WAYS OF THEIR IMPROVEMENT by Yuliia Vladyka, Alexander Holubchykov, Serhii Mushtyn

“…Particular emphasis is placed on ensuring financial security, reducing transaction costs and strengthening trust between market participants. …”
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Comparing user experiences with traditional ADA paratransit and on-demand mobility services by Jimin Choi, Jordana L. Maisel

“…On-demand services were often used as a complement to paratransit for time-sensitive travel, but barriers such as high costs and limited-service hours constrained broader use. …”
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