How to Conduct an On-farm Dye Test and Use the Results to Improve Drip Irrigation Management in Vegetable Production by Eric Simonne, David Studstill, Michael Dukes, John Duval, Robert Hochmuth, Gene McAvoy, Teresa Olczyk, Steve Olson, Elizabeth Lamb

“… Improving irrigation management in vegetable crop production reduces production costs, saves water, and reduces the risk of nutrient leaching. …”
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Improved Efficient Projection Density Function Based on Topology Optimization by Nouman Saeed, Kai Long, Jamshed Ahmed Ansari, Nasif Raza Jaffri, Usama Abrar

“…Topology optimization is a powerful tool having capability of generating new solution to engineering design problems, while these designs enhance manufacturability and reduce manufacturing costs in a computational setting. Mesh-independent convergence and other techniques have been widely used as topology optimization technique, but they produce gray transition regions which is not a favorable condition for any material. …”
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Point-of-care ultrasound in palliative care management of malignant pleural effusion in outpatients and nursing home residents: A narrative review by Marginean Corina, Ciurba Bianca Emilia, Grigorescu Bianca Liana

“…Early integration of palliative care for patients with malignant pleural effusion (MPE) significantly improves symptom control, quality of life, and reduces healthcare costs. Despite well-developed palliative care services in Romania, timely access to multidisciplinary care remains challenging, particularly in outpatient settings and nursing homes. …”
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Progress in the application of isothermal amplification technology in the diagnosis of infectious diseases by Qingshang Bi, Mengru Liu, Mengru Liu, Li Yan, Jun Cheng, Qingyang Sun, Yuzhu Dai, Lingli Zou

“…Isothermal amplification technology (IAT) provides a rapid, sensitive, specific, simple and less costly method for diagnosing infectious diseases, which has led to revolutionary breakthroughs in molecular diagnostics. …”
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Plasma-Assisted Regeneration of Activated Carbon: Current Status and Prospects by Routong Chen, Jiaxin Meng, Shiyi Tan, Litao Liang, Faxing Wang, He Liu, Cong Guo, Weizhai Bao, Guozhen Zhang, Feng Yu

“…While plasma techniques risk damaging AC’s porous structure, recent advances demonstrate their potential for efficient regeneration at lower energy costs. This review examines plasma-driven regeneration processes, focusing on optimizing reactivity control to maintain AC structural integrity while achieving high regeneration performance. …”
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A Developed Asymmetric Multilevel Inverter with Lower Number of Components by Y. Naderi-Zarnaghi, M. Karimi, M. R. Jannati-Oskuee, S.H. Hosseini, S. Najafi-Ravadanegh

“…Owing the lower amount of requirements, it has lower total costs and needs less installation area. Also the control strategy has less complexity. …”
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Plasma Carbonization of Sustainable Lignin Fiber‐Derived Papers for Supercapacitor Electrodes by Philipp A. Schuster, Chinmaya Mirle, Lisa Kuske, Frank Schmidt, Michael R. Buchmeiser, Felix Rohrbach, Joachim Bansmann, Stefan Terbrack, Holger Heuermann, Erik Frank, Alexander J. C. Kuehne

“…Despite approaches for green carbon fiber precursors, current stabilization and carbonization processes require large amounts of energy and render carbon materials costly and environmentally not sustainable. Here, a plasma carbonization treatment is employed for papers made from lignin/polyvinylpyrrolidone precursor fibers. …”
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Constrained Supply Chain Scheduling Model Using Sequential Quadratic Programming Algorithm by Derick Erl Sumalapao, Leon Elijah Bagwan, Angelyn Lao

“…Subcontracting has been a considerable alternative in the manufacturing industries and is utilized as a strategic tool to diminish operation costs primarily to address the problem of scarcity when the firm faces a large demand on the commodity it supplies. …”
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Stochastic Frontier Model for the Evaluation of the Sustainability of Urban Gardens in Puebla, Mexico by Elimelec Muñoz-Nuñez, Omar Romero-Arenas, Sonia Emilia Silva Gómez, Rolando Rueda Luna, Ricardo Munguía Pérez, Manuel Huerta-Lara

“…Using a stochastic frontier model, the analysis integrates key environmental costs, specifically, water-use efficiency and nutrient balance valuation, to assess the sustainability trade-offs. …”
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Optimization of Combustion Characteristics of Blended Coals Based on TOPSIS Method by Yingchun Liu, Hao Zhang, Xiaohui Zhang, Shan Qing, Aimin Zhang, Shuping Yang

“…Comparative evaluation of different mixing schemes is also conducted, where the flammability index, comprehensive combustion characteristic index, burnout temperature, and economic costs can be used to measure the advantages and disadvantages of different mixing schemes with different parameters. …”
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An Automotive Body-in-White Welding Stud Flexible and Efficient Recognition System by Hong Huang, Xiangqian Peng, Shiyu Wu, Wenchu Ou, Xiaoping Hu, Lifeng Chen

“…Its overall detection accuracy of 99.36% demonstrates its potential to automate the production line and reduce production costs.…”
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Tokenization efficiency of current foundational large language models for the Ukrainian language by Daniil Maksymenko, Oleksii Turuta

“…It also makes their usage more costly in such cases, as pricing usually depends on the number of input and output tokens. …”
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Improving the efficiency and security of passport control processes at airports by using the R-CNN object detection model by Elhoucine Ouassam, Yassine Dabachine, Nabil Hmina, Belaid Bouikhalene

“…The implementation of this method has shown superior performance to previous methods in terms of reducing errors, delays and associated costs …”
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Generalized conversion of (2n + 1)-point binary to 3n + 1-point quaternary subdivision schemes by Rabia Hameed, Sidra Nosheen, Jihad Younis

“…Comprehensive graphical and theoretical analyses demonstrate that these quaternary schemes produce final models similar to their binary counterparts but with fewer iterations, significantly reducing computational costs. Both types exhibit similar shape-preserving properties, with quaternary schemes extending the parametric intervals of continuity and enhancing model smoothness. …”
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Financial Performance Analysis with a Common Size Approach at PT Kusumasejati Intiprima Bogor by Yuppy Triwidatin, M. Awalul Fahmi

“…The results of this study indicates that the financial performance achieved by PT Kusumajati Intiprima Bogor from 2015 to 2020, the composition of the financial statements of PT Kusumajati Intiprima Bogor can said to low risk (safe) and the percentages of each assets and liability items fluctuate and PT Kusuma Sejati Intiprima Bogor has not been able to control operating costs which causes a decrease in net profit every year and becomes a loss.…”
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Measuring intergenerational energy justice: Building an index by Rodrigues Carlos Henrique, Leme Le-Lyne Paes, Bermejo Paulo Henrique

“…Energy justice refers to the global energy system that equitably distributes the benefits and costs of energy services. The configuration of energy systems must incorporate the dimension of generational justice, so that future generations are not burdened with obsolete infrastructures unable to provide even basic services. …”
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Innovative activity in the context of the federal districts of the Russian Federation: current state and directions of development by E. A. Pogrebtsova

“…To achieve the goal, the following tasks were identified: to assess the volume of innovative goods produced by federal districts; to define the costs of this activity; to find the factors constraining innovative development.…”
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A Review of Weight Control Strategies and Their Effects on the Regulation of Hormonal Balance by Neil A. Schwarz, B. Rhett Rigby, Paul La Bounty, Brian Shelmadine, Rodney G. Bowden

“…The estimated prevalence of obesity in the USA is 72.5 million adults with costs attributed to obesity more than 147 billion dollars per year. …”
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Public Service Motivation and Attrition: Studying Individual-Level Turnover Behavior in the Public Sector Using Panel Data by Michael Bednarczuk

“…These results have practical implications for public sector retention strategies, as fostering the development of PSM-related values could lead to reduced employee churn and their related costs. …”
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INNOVATION IN AGRICULTURE: HOW STARTUPS ARE TRANSFORMING THE INDUSTRY by Shygaeva T. K.

“…Start-ups in agriculture are important drivers of innovation, providing innovative solutions and technologies that help agricultural businesses increase productivity, reduce costs, improve product quality and reduce negative environmental impacts. …”
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