Minimum Cost Flow-Based Integrated Model for Electric Vehicle and Crew Scheduling by Yindong Shen, Yuanyuan Li

“…This model employs the minimum cost flow formulations for electric VSP, set partitioning for CSP, and linking constraints. …”
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Development of a Low-Cost pH Meter for Liquid Chemical Fertilizers by Muhittin Yağmur Polat, Abdullah Beyaz, İbrahim Çilingir

“…With the advancing technology, pH value has been started to measure more accurately and efficiently with the help of low-cost devices. In this study, a low-cost pH meter was developed using a low-cost pH sensor, an Arduino UNO R3 microcontroller board, and a software written in the C/C++ programming language. …”
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Costs and Benefits of More Efficient Irrigation Systems for Florida Chipping Potato Production by Jenna Rogers, Tatiana Borisova, Lincoln Zotarelli, Kelly Grogan, Jeffrey Ullman, Jessica Bertine, Kelly Morgan

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EuniceScope: Low-Cost Imaging Platform for Studying Microgravity Cell Biology by Wing Yan Chu, Kevin K. Tsia

“…However, they are generally complex, costly, hard to replicate and reconfigure - hampering the broad adoption of microgravity biology and astrobiology. …”
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N. N. Methodology of Calculating Compensation for Costs of Baltic Sea Ecosystem Restoration by V. A. Kulakovskaya, N. N. Mitina

“…The article provides a unique author’s methodology of calculating compensation for costs connected with the Baltic Sea contamination. …”
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Challenges in assessing national radiotherapy costs: application of the ESTRO-HERO model in Spain by Julieta Corral, Julieta Corral, Manel Algara, Manel Algara, Carles Muñoz-Montplet, Carles Muñoz-Montplet, Arantxa Eraso, Jordi Giralt, Noémie Defourny, Yolande Lievens, Yolande Lievens, Josep Maria Borras, Josep Maria Borras

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Investigating the Impact of Seawater Intrusion on the Operation Cost of Groundwater Supply in Island Aquifers by Weijiang Yu, Domenico Baù, Alex S. Mayer, Lauren Mancewicz, Mohammadali Geranmehr

“…Abstract Managing fragile island freshwater resources requires identifying pumping strategies that trade off the financial cost of groundwater supply against controlling the seawater intrusion (SWI) associated with aquifer pumping. …”
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Estimation of the cost of an enterprise own capital with the account of financial risk of investment project by Y. S. Potashnik

“…Objective: to specify and develop approaches to estimation of the cost of an enterprise own capital invested into the realization of investment projects, with the account of financial risks. …”
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The social costs of pesticides: a meta-analysis of the experimental and stated preference literature by Elvia Rufo, Roy Brouwer, Pieter van Beukering

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Device Modeling Based on Cost-Sensitive Densely Connected Deep Neural Networks by Xiaoying Tang, Zhiqiang Li, Lang Zeng, Hongwei Zhou, Xiaoxu Cheng, Zhenjie Yao

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Development of high-performance and cost-effective electrode assembly for redox flow batteries by Přemysl Richtr, Tobias Gerber, Peter Fischer, Jiří Charvát, Christian Ress, Jens Noack, Björn Hage, Miloš Svoboda, David Gráf, Jan Beneš, Petr Mazúr

“…The developed electrode assemblies, based on low-filled carbon-polymer composite plate may substantially reduce battery stack costs and assembly complexity, leading to lower levelized cost of storage and more reproducible RFB fabrication.…”
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Electricity Cost Forecasting in the South African Mining Industry: A Gap Analysis by Andrea Cronje, Jean H. van Laar, Johann F. van Rensburg, Jan C. Vosloo

Subjects: “…electricity cost forecast…”
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Effects of gender equality and social costs of failure on early-stage entrepreneurship activity by Sharon Alicia Simmons, Chong Kyoon Lee, Susan Young, Lois Shelton, MaQueba Massey

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Cost-effective Silicon Solar Cells Efficiency Increase by the Magnetic Field Treatment by R.V. Zaitsev

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Cost of Production for Fresh Market Grapefruit Grown in Indian River, 2016/17 by Ariel Singerman

“… This 5-page fact sheet written by Ariel Singerman and published by the UF/IFAS Food and Resource Economics Department presents the cost of production per acre for growing fresh grapefruit in the Indian River region during 2016/17. …”
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Optimal Design of Electric Bus Transport Systems With Minimal Total Ownership Cost by Mohamed Lotfi, Pedro Pereira, Nikolaos G. Paterakis, Hossam A. Gabbar, Joao P. S. Catalao

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Modelling the annual NHS costs and outcomes attributable to healthcare-associated infections in England by Julian F Guest, Dinah Gould, Tomas Keating, Neil Wigglesworth

“…In 2016/2017, HCAIs were estimated to have cost the NHS an estimated £2.1 billion, of which 99.8% was attributable to patient management and 0.2% was the additional cost of replacing absent front-line HCPs with bank or agency staff for a period of time. …”
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Exploring patient perspectives on the impact of resuming cost sharing: a qualitative analysis by Sophia H. N. Tran, Jane M. Fletcher, Breanna McSweeney, Terry Saunders-Smith, Braden J. Manns, David J. T. Campbell

“…We aimed to explore participants’ experience with resuming cost sharing for their medications at the end of the ACCESS trial and if this experience influenced their willingness to participate in future trials like ACCESS. …”
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On Some Issues of an Expert Study of the Readiness and Cost of Design Documentation for Construction Projects by F. G. Aminev, S. A. Zamyatin

Subjects: “…assessment of the readiness and cost of design documentation…”
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Economic Cost Model of Options to Global Sulphur Cap considering Speed Differentiation by Daozheng Huang, Yimin Hua

“…The results show that the speed differentiation strategy can reduce the economic cost of the LSFO method and thus reduce its cost disadvantage over scrubbers. …”
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