Suboptimal Size: Factors Preventing the Growth of Russian Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises by Victoria Golikova, Boris Kuznetsov

“…Formidable bureaucratic barriers and significant transactional costs increase the vulnerability of small businesses to administrative pressure. …”
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A review of operational factors affecting photovoltaic system performance by Edgar Hernando Sepúlveda-Oviedo

“…The reduction in manufacturing costs of photovoltaic (PV) systems has driven significant growth in the PV industry. …”
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Toward a better understanding of the relationship between influenza vaccine efficacy against specific and non-specific endpoints and vaccine efficacy against influenza infection by Jozef Nauta, Walter EP Beyer, Erna PJA Kimp

“…We argue that interpreting VEO estimates in terms of “low” or “high” is not possible without taking the costs of an outcome case into account. We conclude that the decision to use a non-specific endpoint as surrogate for influenza infection should be taken in the awareness of these limitations.…”
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Peculiarities of using digital ruble in bank settlements by I. S. Paramonov, A. V. Rusavskaya

“…It can help simplify settlements between countries and reduce currency exchange costs. In addition, the digital ruble can become an alternative to traditional currencies in international transactions. …”
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The Effect of Resolution and Watermark Strength on Multi-level DWT Image Watermarking by Hüseyin Bilal Macit

“…With the widespread use of the Internet and the decrease in storage costs, many media have been transferred to digital media. …”
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Reinforcement Learning-driven Mechanism Study of Ecological Compensation to Suppress Carbon Lock-in by Yongxin Zhou

“…Specifically, RL-MEC-CL, in a continuous action space, leverages an actor-critic architecture with experience replay and target networks to optimize compensation strategies adaptively, balancing carbon reduction benefits, sequestration enhancement, and policy costs. Experiment results demonstrate that RL-MEC-CL not only improves the efficiency of ecological compensation strategies but also exhibits strong robustness and adaptability, offering valuable insights for optimizing ecological governance pathways.…”
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An intergrated approach to health promotion in the workplace: A review from international experience by Lindiwe I. Zungu, Keitshepile G. Setswe

“…, and for other benefits such as reducing and controlling healthcare costs as a result of the growing epidemics of communicable and non-communicable diseases. …”
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Measuring Influencing Remittance Sending by Indonesian Migrant Workers by Retno Febriyastuti Widyawati, Andi Lopa Ginting

“…The allocation of remittances is used for productive activities such as to meet daily needs and education costs. There are also investment activities such as buying land, buying livestock, and saving in banks. …”
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Dynamics structure of modern innovative enterprise by D. V. Novototskih, V. P. Romanov, M. S. Safonova

“…Adaptation and modification of ontologies for the socialized enterprises is very labor costs, as they require semantic information processing. …”
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An integrated model of threshold-based scaling and fractional admission controlling to improve resource utilization efficiency in 5G core networks. by Ly Cuong Hoa, Thanh Chuong Dang, Viet Minh Nhat Vo

“…Specifically, the need to optimize unused UPF instances to reduce system costs. The paper proposes a fractional admission controlling (FAC) mechanism and integrates it with a Markov chain-based analytical model for threshold-based scaling for UPF instances (called TSUPF-FAC), in which two additional thresholds are added to control UPF instances globally in order to optimize resource utilization. …”
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Peripheral Rural Areas around Poznań and Their Value Measured with Economic Indicators by Aleksandra Godek, Marek Pietrucki

“…The estimation of economic values based on indicators of costs and income from 1 ha of arable land, and their comparison to the indicators included in projections of financial results made for local spatial development plans allow determination of the actual value of rural areas which, as a result of suburbanization, were consumed by residential and economic stimulation. …”
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Relationships of Otolith Dimensions and Weight with Body Length of Three Lethrinid Species (Actinopterygii, Lethrinidae) from Yemen by L. A. Jawad, N. A. Al-Shwafi, G. Aguilar

“…Relationships between fish length and otolith length, width, and weight were studied in three lethrinid species Lethrinus borbonicus Valenciennes 1830, Lethrinus lentjan (Lacepède 1802), and Lethrinus mahsena (Fabricius, 1775) collected from the south of the Red Sea at the costs of the Republic of Yemen. These relationships are important for future research into the biology of these species, including their diet, feeding habits, age, and growth. …”
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Retrospective evaluation of the curative effect of traditional Chinese medicine on dry eye disease by San-Hua Su, Tsung-Jung Ho, Cheng-Chan Yang

“…Moreover, patients with DED who were treated with Western medicine combined with TCM experienced significantly magnified therapeutic effects and reasonable costs of treatment. In conclusion, TCM can be a promising approach for treating DED, and combined treatment with TCM and Western drugs may represent a new strategy for improving the curative effect.…”
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Food-Borne Endocrine-Disruption: An EU Risk Governance Perspective by Maria El Gemayel

“…This disease burden compromises consumer safety and costs the European Union an estimated €163 billion per year. …”
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A multi-sensor fault detection strategy for axial piston pump using the Walsh transform method by Qiang Gao, He-Sheng Tang, Jia-Wei Xiang, Yongteng Zhong

“…The axial piston pump is a key component of the industrial hydraulic system, and the failure of pump can result in costly downtime. Efficient fault detection is very important for improving reliability and performance of axial piston pumps. …”
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Anti-money Laundering Regulations in the Football Sector: Opportunities and Challenges by Roksana Jocz

“…However, the implementation of these regulations presents numerous challenges, such as high compliance costs and the need for employee training. The article emphasizes the importance of harmonizing regulations through the adoption of a regulation, which minimizes the risk of legal loopholes and discrepancies in national implementations. …”
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LONG-TERM TRENDS OF SCIENTIFIC AND INTELLECTUAL POTENTIAL OF AGRICULTURAL FOOD COMPLEX by Elena DERUNOVA

“…It is substantiated that the level of scientific support of agrarian science in Russia is characterized by a tendency to increase the share of costs per unit of result compared with international best practices. …”
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Ethical dimensions and societal implications: ensuring the social responsibility of CRISPR technology by Irfan Biswas, Irfan Biswas, Irfan Biswas

“…Earlier tools such as zinc-finger nucleases and TALENs performed similar tasks but were significantly more complex and costly. Yet CRISPR’s very power raises urgent ethical concerns: Who controls its use, and how can society prevent germ-line enhancement, eugenic selection, or unequal access that favors wealthy nations and patients? …”
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Impact of international branch campus KPIs on the university competitiveness: FARE method by Eglė Girdzijauskaitė, Asta Radzevičienė, Artūras Jakubavičius

“…International branch campus is a rather new phenomenon in higher education and it is often questioned if it is an effective tool for HEI competitiveness because of its high risks and extremely high costs. In order for higher education institution managers to be able to use an international branch campus (IBC) as a tool for competitiveness, indicators of IBC having the strongest influence on the competitiveness of HEI must be indicated. …”
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UNMANNED TRANSPORT AND THE REFORMATTING OF HUMAN NEEDS: NICHE AND EVOLUTIONARY SCENARIOS by I. V. Anokhov

“…It is proved that unmanned transport involves large scale and very similar transportation of homogeneous products in order to cover higher investment costs through economies of scale. In addition, such transport requires extreme predictability in the entire chain: from the receipt of raw materials to the delivery of the finished product to the end user. …”
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