Assessment of Rice Amylose Content and Grain Quality Through Marker-Assisted Selection by Iris Pérez-Almeida, Oscar Navia-Pesantes, Roberto Celi-Herán

“…The <i>waxy</i> molecular marker, combined with metaphor agarose gel electrophoresis (MAGE), proved effective for early-stage AC analysis, reducing variety selection costs and improving breeding efficiency. Additionally, a restriction enzyme protocol assay facilitated variety differentiation by selectively cleaving the <i>waxy</i> gene sequence at a specific single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) site, allowing for precise AC genetic classification. …”
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Four-party evolutionary game of collaborative recycling and management of takeaway packaging waste by JIA Yajuan, JI Yuexin

“…[Results] (1) When the government adopted a high-intensity regulatory strategy, the efficiency of the recycling and management system for takeaway packaging waste increased, and vice versa. (2) Under stringent government regulation, higher reputation conversion rates and greater incentive and penalty mechanisms could effectively motivate restaurants and third-party recycling companies to cooperate in building green recycling channels. (3) The effect of opportunity costs on consumer recycling strategies was not significant, while government subsidies could make consumers’ participation in recycling a practical, long-term, and stable choice. …”
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Comparative Study of the Physicochemical and Microbiological Quality of Liquid, Freeze-Dried, Hot Air-Dried, and Pasteurized Quail Eggs Produced in Benin by Kotchikpa Justin Ekpo, Germain Elolo Osseyi, Joseph Dossou, Virgile Ahyi

“…However, freeze-drying would be the most suitable, but it is very costly and difficult to transfer to the quail egg production actors. …”
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Domestic Savings as a Pillar of Long-Term Stability Amid Socioeconomic Challenges: Key Determinants in Oil-Rich Developing Economies by Ali Alsubaie

“…Conversely, inflation and dependency ratios negatively impact savings, illustrating how increasing living costs and demographic burdens diminish household savings capacity. …”
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The dimensions of peripherization from the viewpoint of the development policy through the example of a Hungarian periphery, the Encs district by Ágnes Varga, Dávid Karácsonyi, László Jeney

“…The previous one is inevitable due to its geographic frames, the development policy can hardly do anything with it, only trying to reduce, compensate the initial handicaps through e.g. infrastructural investments, which have huge social costs. Nevertheless, the regional policy can do something with the latter, the local causes! …”
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Advances in Hydrogel-Integrated SERS Platforms: Innovations, Applications, Challenges, and Future Prospects in Food Safety Detection by Xorlali Nunekpeku, Huanhuan Li, Ayesha Zahid, Chenhui Li, Wei Zhang

“…Traditional detection methods are accurate but limited by time requirements, complex sample preparation, high costs, and poor field applicability. Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) offers non-destructive analysis with low detection limits and high specificity, yet conventional SERS substrates face challenges with reproducibility, nanoparticle aggregation, and sensitivity in food matrices. …”
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New and Emerging Biomarkers in Chronic Kidney Disease by Mikołaj Dopierała, Nadja Nitz, Oliwia Król, Karolina Wasicka-Przewoźna, Krzysztof Schwermer, Krzysztof Pawlaczyk

“…Despite their potential, the routine clinical use of these novel biomarkers remains limited due to challenges such as high costs and the lack of standardized testing methods. …”
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Gender differences in quality of dying and death among older adults: a cross-sectional study in China by Xiaohong Feng, Shumei Liang, Xiujun Dai, Jinlin Du, Zheng Yang

“…Logistic regression showed that age, residence, home facilities score, place of death, medical costs, got timely treatment, number of chronic diseases and unconsciousness were the factors influencing QODD among male older adults. …”
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Intervention of machine learning in bladder cancer research using multi-omics datasets: systematic review on biomarker identification by Blessy Kiruba, P. S. Athul Narayan, Badhari Raj, S. Rohieth Raj, Sam George Mathew, Sudhakaran Sajitha Lulu, Vino Sundararajan

“…Diagnosing BC requires traditional methods, such as cystoscopy, which can be invasive and costly. Recent research has heavily focused on multi-omics analysis, including genomics, epigenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics, for biomarker identification. …”
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Systematic Literature Review in Reshoring Strategies 4.0 by Daniel Masini Espíndola, Márcio Lopes Pimenta, Cláudio Heleno Pinto da Silva, Ingridi Vargas Bortolaso

“…We divided the studies according to 9 aspects: market uncertainties and labor supply; support for managerial decision making; competitive priorities analysis (costs and efficiency); business strategies; information knowledge and collaboration management; political, social and economic changes; risk security and privacy management; supply chain management; and investment market and private equity funds. …”
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Working machines state operational monitoring according to the parameters of the internal combustion engine by I. P. Dobrolyubov, G. L. Utenkov

“…(Research purpose) To determine the actual energy and economic indicators of a working machine and unit reliably and promptly in the operating conditions of agricultural production by parameters closely related to the energy indicators of an internal combustion engine, the measurement of which did not require large costs. (Materials and methods) 24 indirect parameters reflecting the power and degree of engine load were used for the operational assessment. …”
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The Integration of Social and Health Sectors in Scotland: An Analysis from the Prism of Different Public Policy Models by Ricardo Correia de Matos, Generosa do Nascimento, Adalberto Campos Fernandes, Cristiano Matos

“…The integration of health and social care has been a key focus in Scotland, driven by demographic changes, rising healthcare costs, and the need for more efficient service delivery. …”
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Assessing the Complex Impact of Smoking Habits on Allergic Rhinitis: A National Cross-Sectional Study by Jae-Min Shin, Yujin Jeong, Jaehyeong Kim, Juhyun Lee, Tae Hoon Kim

“…Allergic rhinitis (AR) significantly impacts quality of life and incurs socioeconomic costs. The influence of smoking habits, including the use of conventional cigarettes (CCs) and electronic cigarettes (ECs), on the prevalence and management of AR remains a subject of debate. …”
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Communication, Technology, and the Planetary Creature by Giuseppe O Longo

“…Actually, the growing efficiency and the decreasing costs of the communication mediated by technology offer unprecedented opportunities for augmenting knowledge and creativity and for eliciting novel forms of intellectual activity. …”
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Improvement of high-viscosity oil production technology via the effective redistribution of energy resources by S. S. Rodin, Yu. L. Zotov, V. Yu. Moroshkin, E. A. Fedyanov, E. V. Shishkin

“…Therefore, refinement costs continue to increase. Furthermore, high production emissions affect the environment. …”
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HyTIR – an airborne hyperspectral imaging research platform in the LWIR wavelength range by U. Knauer, M. Pause, B. Sander

“…Despite their potential, these infrared sensors have seen limited use primarily because of the higher costs associated with their deployment. Anhalt University of Applied Sciences is overcoming some of these limitations by incorporating an FTIR hyperspectral camera, specifically for the long-wave infrared (LWIR) range, into its repertoire of imaging sensors. …”
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Development and application of distributed computing system in inverse problems of fracture mechanics by Arkady N. Soloviev, Pavel V. Vasiliev, Lyubov A. Podkolzina

“…Special features of similar software are taken into account in order to increase resiliency and reduce costs not related to the problem solution. The system executing module performs calculations in a multithreaded mode. …”
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Electric scooter-related orthopedic injuries: the experience of an Italian orthopedic center and literature review by Pietro Simone Randelli, Francesco Luceri, Valerio Monteleone

“…It is important to focus on injury risk mitigation through effective public health policies, thereby lowering costs to society.…”
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Formation of unmanned aircraft trajectory when flying around prohibited areas by A. A. Lobaty, A. Y. Bumai, A. M. Avsievich

“…The derived mathematical dependences make it possible to implement them on board a UAV and minimize energy costs when guiding a UAV moving through specified points in space. …”
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JointNet4BCD: A Semi-Supervised Joint Learning Neural Network with Decision Fusion for Building Change Detection by Hao Chen, Chengzhe Sun, Jun Li, Chun Du

“…Firstly, to reduce annotation costs, we design a semi-supervised learning manner to train our model using a small number of building extraction labels instead of a large amount of building change detection labels. …”
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