Estimated health benefits, costs and cost-effectiveness of eliminating dietary industrial trans fatty acids in Kenya: cost-effectiveness analysis by J Lennert Veerman, Mary Njeri Wanjau, Liping Huang, Matti Marklund, Jason HY Wu, Laura K Cobb, Leopold N Aminde, Celine Awuor, Lindsay Steele

“…Objectives To model the potential health gains and cost-effectiveness of a mandatory limit of industrial trans fatty acids (iTFA) in Kenyan foods.Design Multiple cohort proportional multistate life table model, incorporating existing data from the Global Burden of Disease study, pooled analyses of observational studies and peer-reviewed evidence of healthcare and policy implementation costs.Setting Kenya.Participants Adults aged ≥20 years at baseline (n=50 million).Intervention A mandatory iTFA limit (≤2% of all fats) in the Kenyan food supply compared with a base case scenario of maintaining current trans fat intake.Main outcome measures Averted ischaemic heart disease (IHD) events and deaths, health-adjusted life years; healthcare costs; policy implementation costs; net costs; and incremental cost-effectiveness ratio.Results Over the first 10 years, the intervention was estimated to prevent ~1900 (95% uncertainty interval (UI): 1714; 2148) IHD deaths and ~17 000 (95% UI: 15 475; 19 551) IHD events, and to save ~US$50 million (95% UI: 44; 56). …”
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Cost of Young Adults by Suzanna Smith

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The Cost of Food Safety by Annelys Hessing, Renée Goodrich Schneider, Alan Gutierrez, Rachael Silverberg, Michael S. Gutter, Keith R. Schneider

“… This new publication discusses the costs and long-term benefits associated with the implementation of food safety programs. …”
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The cost of conserving elephants by Nigel Leader-Williams

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COSTS OF VALIDATION AND ACCREDITATION by Jan De Kinder

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ACCOUNTING FOR ENVIRONMENTAL COSTS by VICTOR Getman

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The cost of conserving elephants by Nigel Leader-Williams

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Materials—at what cost? by Emilie Ringe

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The Cost of Food Safety by Annelys Hessing, Renée Goodrich Schneider, Alan Gutierrez, Rachael Silverberg, Michael S. Gutter, Keith R. Schneider

“… This new publication discusses the costs and long-term benefits associated with the implementation of food safety programs. …”
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Produire low cost by Marnix Dressen, Jean-Pierre Durand

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Cost of Young Adults by Suzanna Smith

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Brain network analysis: separating cost from topology using cost-integration. by Cedric E Ginestet, Thomas E Nichols, Ed T Bullmore, Andrew Simmons

“…Comparison of different populations of brain networks is hard because topology is inherently dependent on wiring cost, where cost is defined as the number of edges in an unweighted graph. …”
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Single-chamber pacemakers: with or without leads? Cost-effectiveness and cost-utility analyses by José Ramón Lago-Quinteiro, Francisco Reyes-Santias, Manel Antelo, Vicent Caballer-Tarazona, José Luis Martinez-Sande, Javier Garcia-Seara, Moisés Rodriguez-Manero, Jose Ramon Gonzalez-Juanatey

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The Essence of Logistic Costs in Retail Trade in the Light of Such Terms as ‘Costs’, ‘Outlays’, ‘Expenses’ by O. S. Glinskaya, I. S. Skorikova, E. V. Kosobokova

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Willingness-to-pay and parametric trends in cost-effectiveness and cost-utility studies in ophthalmology by Tina Felfeli, Rafael N Miranda, Aswen Sriranganathan

“…Discounting at 3.0% for costs and QALYs was universally applied. Government (33%), nonprofit (29%) and pharmaceutical (17%) funding predominated. …”
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“Russian-Cost”  as  a  “New”  russian  Method  of  Corporate  Cost  Accounting  and  Management by L.  G.  Cherednichenko, R. V.  Gubarev, E. I. Dzyuba, Yu.  V.  Tyulenev, F. S. Fayzullin

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Survival costs of reproduction are independent of energy costs in a seabird, the pelagic cormorant by Téo Barracho, Scott A. Hatch, Jana Kotzerka, Stefan Garthe, Hannes A. Schraft, Shannon Whelan, Kyle H. Elliott

“…Given the lack of an apparent energetic ‘cost of reproduction’, lower DEE in older birds could be due to improved efficiency rather than avoidance of costs in old birds. …”
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OPTIMIZATION FIRM’S COSTS: OPTIMIZATION SCHEMES OF TRANSFORMATION AND TRANSACTION COSTS, USING OFFSHORES by Andrey F. Shadrin

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Probabilistic Infrastructure Failure Cost Analysis Integrating with Equity Cost Using the Reliability Analysis by Yasaman Norouzi, Seyed Hooman Ghasemi, Mohammad Jalayer

Subjects: “…failure cost metric…”
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