Topography-dependent paradox: how extreme climate and the digital economy affect food security differently across terrains by Xinyue Zheng, Siyu Wang, Zhixian Sun, Xiaohui Xin

“…The underlying mechanism lies in the digital economy’s ability to enhance agricultural insurance participation, food production efficiency, and household income, collectively offsetting extreme weather’s adverse effects through increased earnings, reduced production costs, and better risk management.ConclusionThis study highlights the terrain-dependent effects of extreme weather on household food security and the moderating role of the digital economy. …”
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Toward an intersectional equity approach in social–ecological transformations by Paula Andrea Sánchez-García, Krisztina Jónás, Kara E. Pellowe, Hanna Ekström, Mary Scheuermann, Lasse Loft

“…Our findings show that social, spatial, and environmental assets of transformation are the most frequently mentioned in our sampled literature, together with benefits, costs, inclusiveness, and knowledge of equity dimensions. …”
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Impacts of Tax Laws on the Performance of Small and Medium Enterprises: A Case Study of Kabale Municipality Kabale District. by Abaasa, Ruth

“…Additionally, it sought to evaluate how current tax regulations affect SMEs in Kabale Municipality, investigate potential policy recommendations, and assess how tax compliance costs impact SME performance, particularly their ability to compete globally. …”
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Performance of Sisal Fabre as Natural Geotextile to Reinforce Soil Layers on Unpaved Road. by Kyomugasho, Lilian

“…The main objective was to investigate the performance of sisal fibre as a natural geotextile to reinforce the soil layers on unpaved roads so that we solve the problem of developing potholes, rutting, corrugation, weak subgrade resulting into mud formation, poor drainage system, non-uniform narrow width, stoniness, and environmental pollution from dust during dry seasons, rapid gravel loss, and these all together have increased regular maintenance costs. The study was limited to some soil tests on subgrade materials, to achieve the objectives, the study undertook the following methodology, particle size distribution, atterberg’s limit, maximum dry density test and testing CBR in the laboratory. …”
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Assessing the Suitability of Snail-Shell Powder as a Partial Replacement of Cement in Concrete Production. by Mukundane, Ivan

“…Concrete is a mixture of aggregates and binders and among the concrete ingredients, the binder which is usually cement is a costly and environmentally unfriendly element, especially during its manufacture, and has led to resource depletion. …”
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Hardware realization of neuromorphic computing with a 4–port photonic reservoir for modulation format identification by Enes Şeker, Rijil Thomas, Guillermo von Hünefeld, Stephan Suckow, Mahdi Kaveh, Gregor Ronniger, Pooyan Safari, Isaac Sackey, David Stahl, Colja Schubert, Johannes Karl Fischer, Ronald Freund, Max C Lemme

“…Reservoir computing encompasses recurrent neural networks for sequential data processing and matches the performance of other recurrent networks with less training and lower costs. However, traditional software-based neural network (NN) require high energy due to computational demands and massive data transfer needs. …”
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Screening of Substrates and Optimization of Formulations for Exogenous Nutrient Bags of <i>Morchella sextelata</i> (Black Morel) by Qi Yan, Weidong Zhang, Qi Wang, Tonghui Yang, Peng Wang, Ya Yu, Xiao Tan, Xueping Kang, Jiawei Wen

“…However, this approach is costly and runs counter to the “non-grain” development direction advocated by the edible mushroom industry. …”
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Trade-off strategies between drought resistance and growth rate of dominant tree species in karst forests within heterogeneous habitats by Jing Wang, Bin Wang, Denghui Wang, Yanping Dong, Jianxing Li, Fang Lu, Wanglan Tao, Yili Guo, Wusheng Xiang, Meilan Wen, Xiankun Li

“…Drought suppresses growth through dual pathways: direct resource limitation (β = − 0.667) and indirect metabolic costs of resistance traits (β = − 0.469). Coordinated leaf trait evolution reduces niche overlap via drought-growth trade-offs, establishing habitat filtration-mediated biodiversity maintenance in karst ecosystems. …”
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Personalised selection of medication for newly diagnosed adult epilepsy: study protocol of a first-in-class, double-blind, randomised controlled trial by Mark Howard, Wendyl D’Souza, Emma Foster, Patrick Carney, Zanfina Ademi, Patrick Kwan, David N Vaughan, James Lee, Clare Stapleton, Zongyuan Ge, Zhibin Chen, Natasha A Lannin, Udaya Seneviratne, Robert Sparrow, Piero Perucca, Armin Nikpour, Chong Wong, John-Paul Nicolo, Michelle Kiley, Terence O’Brien, Jacqui-Lyn Saw, Dean Jones, David Reutens, Sandra Reeder, Richard Shek-kwan Chang, Ernest Somerville, Tania Farrar, Daniel Thom, Lata Vadlamudi

“…Secondary outcomes include time to treatment failure, time to first seizure after randomisation, changes in mood assessment score and quality of life score, direct healthcare costs, and loss of productivity during the treatment period.This trial will provide class I evidence for the effectiveness of a ML model as a decision support tool for neurologists to select the first ASM for adults with newly diagnosed epilepsy.Ethics and dissemination This study is approved by the Alfred Health Human Research Ethics Committee (Project 130/23). …”
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ZnCu Metal–Organic Framework Electrocatalysts for Efficient Ammonia Decomposition to Hydrogen by Mingguang Ouyang, Geng Chen, Weitao Ning, Xiaoyang Wang, Xiaojiang Mu, Lei Miao

“…The electrocatalytic decomposition of ammonia represents a promising route for sustainable hydrogen production, yet current systems rely heavily on noble metal catalysts with prohibitive costs and limited durability. A critical challenge lies in developing non-noble electrocatalysts that simultaneously achieve high active site exposure, optimized electronic configurations, and robust structural stability. …”
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Job strain and tobacco smoking: an individual-participant data meta-analysis of 166,130 adults in 15 European studies. by Katriina Heikkilä, Solja T Nyberg, Eleonor I Fransson, Lars Alfredsson, Dirk De Bacquer, Jakob B Bjorner, Sébastien Bonenfant, Marianne Borritz, Hermann Burr, Els Clays, Annalisa Casini, Nico Dragano, Raimund Erbel, Goedele A Geuskens, Marcel Goldberg, Wendela E Hooftman, Irene L Houtman, Matti Joensuu, Karl-Heinz Jöckel, France Kittel, Anders Knutsson, Markku Koskenvuo, Aki Koskinen, Anne Kouvonen, Constanze Leineweber, Thorsten Lunau, Ida E H Madsen, Linda L Magnusson Hanson, Michael G Marmot, Martin L Nielsen, Maria Nordin, Jaana Pentti, Paula Salo, Reiner Rugulies, Andrew Steptoe, Johannes Siegrist, Sakari Suominen, Jussi Vahtera, Marianna Virtanen, Ari Väänänen, Peter Westerholm, Hugo Westerlund, Marie Zins, Töres Theorell, Mark Hamer, Jane E Ferrie, Archana Singh-Manoux, G David Batty, Mika Kivimäki, IPD-Work Consortium

“…<h4>Background</h4>Tobacco smoking is a major contributor to the public health burden and healthcare costs worldwide, but the determinants of smoking behaviours are poorly understood. …”
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Rapid Resistance Detection of <i>Amaranthus retroflexus</i> to Fomesafen via Kompetitive Allele-Specific PCR (KASP) by Zhanzhan Zhang, Yaxin Ban, Jianguo Wei, Qun Wu, Liyao Dong, Zhike Feng

“…Initially, we developed this KASP detection method using cDNA as the template; however, the entire process requires significant costs and considerable operational time. To mitigate these expenses and simplify the workflow, we subsequently optimized this KASP rapid detection method by utilizing genomic DNA as the template. …”
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A review of sound-based pig monitoring for enhanced precision production by Md Nasim Reza, Md Razob Ali, Md Asrakul Haque, Hongbin Jin, Hyunjin Kyoung, Young Kyoung Choi, Gookhwan Kim, Sun-Ok Chung

“…However, despite the advantages, challenges remain in terms of low accuracy and high initial costs, and further research is needed to improve specificity across different pig breeds and environmental conditions. …”
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Backtranslation of human RNA biosignatures of tuberculosis disease risk into the preclinical pipeline is condition dependent by Hannah Painter, Sasha E. Larsen, Brittany D. Williams, Hazem F. M. Abdelaal, Susan L. Baldwin, Helen A. Fletcher, Andrew Fiore-Gartland, Rhea N. Coler

“…However, the immune correlates of protection for either preventing infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis or preventing TB disease have yet to be completely defined, making the advancement of candidate vaccines through the pipeline slow, costly, and fraught with risk. Human-derived correlate of risk (COR) gene signatures, which identify an individual’s risk of progressing to active TB disease, provide an opportunity for evaluating new therapies for TB with clear and defined endpoints. …”
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Enhancing agricultural sustainability: Optimizing crop planting structures and spatial layouts within the water-land-energy-economy-environment-food nexus by Haowei Wu, Zhihui Li, Xiangzheng Deng, Zhe Zhao

“…On the contrary, rice production led to greater environmental costs though it provided higher economic returns. …”
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Identification of Pi-efficient elite allele of the TaPHT1;6 gene and development of its functional marker in common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) by Huanting Shi, Chuang Lou, Jinfeng Wang, Dianqi Dong, Longfei Yang, Gezi Li, Zhiqiang Tian, Qiaoxia Han, Pengfei Wang, Guozhang Kang

“…One of agriculture’s major challenges is the low efficiency of phosphate (Pi) use, which leads to increased costs, harmful environmental impacts, and the depletion of phosphorus (P) resources. …”
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Jak inhibitors in the treatment of alopecia areata - a literature review by Paulina Krzeszowska, Aleksandra Kujawa, Karolina Krochmal, Wojciech Pisarek, Adrianna Samoraj, Jakub Zajączkowski, Kacper Stępniak, Jan Wilk, Karolina Marrodán-Wojtczak, Radosław Kuźma

“…Ongoing research aims to develop more selective JAK inhibitors and maintenance strategies while addressing high treatment costs. …”
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Opportunity for health and wellbeing co-benefits of climate adaptation policies and programs: a Delphi study in the Australian Capital Territory by A Lal, Z A Becvarik, Tomoko Sugiura, Daniel Miller, T Tsheten, L V White, E I Walsh, A Richardson

“…The top five co-benefits based on opportunity score (relevance × importance) included: reduced mental health burden; increased comfort in the home; improved disaster preparedness; improvement in physical health; and economic benefits from averted healthcare costs. A high degree of consensus was achieved for all five top co-benefits, as well as those considered not relevant or important, indicating agreement on highest and lowest priority co-benefits across a range of climate change interventions and government directorates. …”
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Halloysite-Nanotube-Mediated High-Flux γ-Al₂O₃ Ultrafiltration Membranes for Semiconductor Wastewater Treatment by Shining Geng, Dazhi Chen, Zhenghua Guo, Qian Li, Manyu Wen, Jiahui Wang, Kaidi Guo, Jing Wang, Yu Wang, Liang Yu, Xinglong Li, Xiaohu Li

“…However, the preparation of high-precision ceramic ultrafiltration membranes with a smaller pore size (usually <20 nm) is very complicated, requiring the repeated construction of transition layers, which not only increases the time and economic costs of manufacturing but also leads to an elevated transport resistance. …”
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Treatment outcomes of drug-resistant tuberculosis in Sabah, Malaysia – a retrospective cohort study by Y.L. Lew, M.M.D. Goroh, S.T. Yerkovich, A.M.H. Seow, G.S. Rajahram, R. Teo, A.B. Chang, C. Lowbridge

“…People with DR-TB frequently have worse outcomes and require more costly and complex management, compared with those with drug-sensitive TB (DS-TB). …”
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