Understanding out-of-pocket expenditure in India: a systematic review by Sagarika Kamath, Jeffin Maliyekkal, S. Elstin Anbu Raj, R. J. Varshini, Helmut Brand, Andria Sirur, Vishwajeet Singh, Vidya Prabhu, Kumar Sumit, Rajesh Kamath

“…IntroductionOut-of-pocket expenditure (OOPE) constitutes a substantial portion of healthcare costs in India, accounting for 47.1% of the Total Health Expenditure in 2019–20. …”
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Hospital discharge planning in cardiac care: study protocol for a mixed-methods study on the implementation, influencing factors and quality of care in Germany by Udo Schneider, Gabriele Meyer, Dirk Horenkamp-Sonntag, Vera Winter, Kai Svane Blume, Steffen Fleischer, Raphaele Bartels, Lena Imhof, Karl Blum, Susan Gottschalk, Robin Heber, Bjoern Andrew Remppis, Jonas Schreyoegg

“…Both quality and efficiency-enhancing DP processes are particularly important in the context of cardiovascular disease, which is the leading cause of mortality and a major contributor to healthcare costs in Germany. The ‘Ready to Discharge’ (R2D) project investigates the implementation status, influencing factors and outcomes of DP in cardiac units of German hospitals. …”
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A two-stage robust decision-making framework (2S-RDM) for flood risk adaptation under deep uncertainty by Jiacong Cai, Yiding Wei, Jianxun Yang, Chenyi Ji, Miaomiao Liu, Wen Fang, Zongwei Ma, Jun Bi

“…Then, we compared the 24 global robust strategies regarding their relative costs and performances in each of the future scenario pools. …”
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Recruitment evaluation of a gerotherapeutic randomized controlled trial testing alpha-ketoglutarate in biologically older, middle-aged adults (ABLE) by Zhi Meng Lim, Yi Ern Chew, Lihuan Guan, Weilan Wang, Muhammad Daniel A. Mahadzir, Rajkumar Dorajoo, Brian Kennedy, Elena Sandalova, Andrea B. Maier

“…Background: Gerotherapeutic interventions that optimize the health and healthspan of biologically older, yet generally healthy adults are importance for reducing healthcare costs associated with ageing populations. It remains unclear whether recruiting middle-aged individuals with an older biological age is feasible in gerotherapeutic trials. …”
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Copper–Ammonia–Thiosulfate Leaching of High-Sulfide Concentrates: Process Optimization and Additive Effects on Gold Extraction by Azizbek Bolikulovich Buronov, Blackie Korul Yayabu, Labone Lorraine Godirilwe, Batnasan Altansukh, Sanghee Jeon, Kazutoshi Haga, Atsushi Shibayama

“…Considering the high economic value of gold, the optimization of recovery efficiency is prioritized over reagent costs in this study. Overall, this study indicates that the optimized ammonia–copper–thiosulfate leaching system with ADP additive is a promising environmentally friendly method for the extraction of gold.…”
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Building digital histology models of transcriptional tumor programs with generative deep learning for pathology-based precision medicine by Hanna M. Hieromnimon, James Dolezal, Kristina Doytcheva, Frederick M. Howard, Sara Kochanny, Zhenyu Zhang, Robert L. Grossman, Kevin Tanager, Cindy Wang, Jakob Nikolas Kather, Evgeny Izumchenko, Nicole A. Cipriani, Elana J. Fertig, Alexander T. Pearson, Samantha J. Riesenfeld

“…Molecular assays, like transcriptomics, provide an information-rich view of the tumor that can be leveraged to inform therapeutic selection. However, the costs of such assays can be prohibitive for clinical translation at scale. …”
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Patient Burden And Impact Of Moderate-to-Severe Atopic Dermatitis In the Spanish Healthcare System: The APOLO Cross-Sectional Study by Pablo De La Cueva Dobao, Laia Curto Barredo, Juan Francisco Silvestre Salvador, Esther Serra Baldrich, Pedro Herranz Pinto, Natalia Hernández Cano, Francisco Javier Ortiz De Frutos, Gastón Roustan Gullón, Rosa María Izu Belloso, Irene Arévalo Ortega, Alicia González Quesada, Manuel Galán Gutiérrez, Yolanda Gilaberte Calzada, Daniel Arumi Torredemer, Noelia Llevat Felius, Irene Hernández Martín, Francisco José Rebollo Laserna

“…Conclusions: AD profoundly impacts patients’ quality of life and entails high economic costs. This study emphasizes the need for more effective treatment strategies and an improved understanding of the AD burden to utilize public healthcare resources more efficiently. …”
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Clinical impact of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis on SARS-CoV-2 patient outcomes: a comprehensive analysis in the pre-vaccination era by Omar Tamimi, Zeenat Safdar, Zeenat Safdar, Zeenat Safdar, Nadia Siddiqui, Tariq Nisar, Deepa Gotur, Deepa Gotur

“…. $79,045, adjusted difference + $60,577 (SD ± 52,460)] and had a longer mean length of stay [11.2 vs. 7.5 days, adjusted difference 3.3 days longer (SD ± 2.0)] compared to the non-IPF cohort (p = 0.02).DiscussionOur findings suggest that IPF significantly worsens the clinical outcomes of COVID-19 hospitalizations, leading to increased healthcare utilization and costs. Further studies are needed to study this subpopulation during the postvaccination era to understand the effects on patient outcomes and to explore potential targeted interventions for improving prognosis in patients with both COVID-19 and IPF.…”
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Propionyl Carnitine Metabolic Profile: Optimizing the Newborn Screening Strategy Through Customized Cut-Offs by Maria Lucia Tommolini, Maria Concetta Cufaro, Silvia Valentinuzzi, Ilaria Cicalini, Mirco Zucchelli, Alberto Frisco, Simonetta Simonetti, Michela Perrone Donnorso, Sara Moccia, Ines Bucci, Maurizio Aricò, Vincenzo De Laurenzi, Luca Federici, Damiana Pieragostino, Claudia Rossi

“…Conclusions: Tailoring NBS by customized cut-offs may enhance the application of precision medicine, focusing on true-positive cases and also reducing analysis costs and times.…”
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Access to rehabilitation services for families of children with disabilities in Ghana by Hasehni Vampere, Ebenezer Dassah, Rebecca Tawiah, Melody A. Quarm

“…Among those who accessed rehabilitation services, over half reported dissatisfaction with travel distance and associated costs (n = 18 [58.06%]), as well as travel time and wait time for services (n = 15 [48.39%]). …”
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Positive mental states and their relation to psychosocial resources: protocol of a systematic review focusing on cultural moderators by Klaus Lieb, Makiko Yamada, Sarah K Schäfer, Max Supke, Jana Meier, Hiro Taiyo Hamada, Michele Wessa

“…Such strategies become increasingly important since many people worldwide suffer from psychological distress and mental disorders, resulting in substantial individual and societal costs. Within the last years, there is a shift from strategies solely focusing on the reduction of mental distress to those also aiming at the promotion of positive mental states. …”
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Predictors of virological outcomes in patients with HIV on antiretroviral therapy in Osogbo, Nigeria: a cross-sectional study by Funso Abidemi Olagunju, Samuel Olorunyomi Oninla, Sunday Charles Adeyemo, Kayode Phillip Fadahunsi, Abimbola Ololade Odeyemi, Eniola Dorcas Olabode, Ayodele Raphael Ajayi, James Ebun Atolagbe, Emmanuel Teju Jolayemi

“…Conclusion Although the good virological outcome (suppression) prevalence still fell short of the advocated 95%, improving adherence counseling, increasing financial empowerment to ease transportation costs to clinics, and eliminating stigmatization and discrimination in care are needed to enhance and sustain the HIV response.…”
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Evaluation of a notes-based rapid qualitative analysis method to facilitate implementation by Rachel Brown, Sofia Cigarroa Kennedy, Elena Carranco Chávez, Jeriel Dumeng-Rodriguez, Danielle Cullen

“…This approach is also pragmatic, as it does not require analysts to have deep implementation science expertise and saves transcription costs. By balancing rigor with time to actionable results, this rapid method provides a tool for implementation researchers to generate qualitative findings on an accelerated timeline to inform policy and practice. …”
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Progress in application of rhamnolipids in oil and gas development by YU Fengmei, WANG Xiao, LIU Jiayin, MA Guiyang, LIU Yifei, GONG Zheng

“…The paper focused on summarizing the five main application directions of rhamnolipids in oil and gas development： in terms of reducing viscosity of heavy oil， rhamnolipids can effectively reduce the viscosity of heavy oil and enhance oil recovery； in terms of treating oil-contaminated soil and water， rhamnolipids show excellent emulsification performance and can separate oil from soil and form easy-to-treat emulsion； in terms of promoting hydrate generation， rhamnolipids can reduce the induction time of hydrates and improve the generation rate and stability of hydrates； in terms of oil and gas pipeline transportation， the anti-aggregation characteristics of rhamnolipids can help solve the problem of pipeline blockage； the authors finally proposed the following research suggestions for the future： in terms of production method， it is necessary to increase the research and application of local extraction strains； in terms of characteristic research， it is necessary to explore the other functional characteristics of rhamnolipids besides the existing ones and expand its application scopes in oil and gas development； in terms of application， it is important to study the recyclable use of rhamnolipids and the synergistic application of multiple technologies to solve problems such as high development costs in super-heavy oil production. At present， the application research of rhamnolipids in the frontier oil and gas fields such as hydrates is not complete， and further in-depth exploration is needed.…”
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Correction: High-grade non-muscle invasive urothelial carcinoma in dogs and humans share specific expression of integrin α5β1 by Roberta Lucianò, Maurizio Colecchia, Maurizio Colecchia, Francesca Sanvito, Irene Locatelli, Chiara Venegoni, Alessia Di Coste, Davide Danilo Zani, Angelica Stranieri, Chiara Giudice, Antonella Rigillo, Matteo Gambini, Francesco Montorsi, Francesco Montorsi, Andrea Salonia, Andrea Salonia, Marco Moschini, Massimo Alfano

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MoveMentor—examining the effectiveness of a machine learning and app-based digital assistant to increase physical activity in adults: protocol for a randomised controlled trial by Corneel Vandelanotte, Stewart Trost, Danya Hodgetts, Tasadduq Imam, MD Mamunur Rashid, Quyen G. To, Carol Maher

“…Abstract Background Physical inactivity is prevalent, leading to a high burden of disease and large healthcare costs. Thus, there is a need for affordable, effective and scalable interventions. …”
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Research note: Comparison of live attenuated and non-attenuated Eimeria vaccines on safety following overdose administration using the European pharmacopoeia monograph model by Marc Pagès, Andreu Albó, Gregori Bech-Sàbat, Roser Morató, Joan Molist-Badiola, Martina Dardi

“…The attenuated Eimeria vaccine showed a favorable safety profile compared to non-attenuated vaccines regarding clinical signs and intestinal lesions, with no impact on body weight and feed conversion ratio under experimental conditions in SPF chickens, suggesting that this coccidiosis prevention strategy may contribute to decreasing coccidiosis costs.…”
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Using statistical analysis to evaluate enterprise performance in the Python programming environment by O. G. Konyukova, F. F. Baratova

“…The presented calculations will not only allow timely and promptly react to changes in the external economic environment of activity, but also adjust costs to already predicted values, which, in turn, will help to increase the profitability of the enterprise, which is the main task of any owner.   …”
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Enhanced clustering techniques for lithofacies and electrofacies identification in post-salt carbonate and siliciclastic reservoirs: a case study from the campos basin, Brazil by Abel Carrasquilla, Herson Rocha

“…Modern borehole logging and interpretation techniques play a crucial role in reducing operational costs while enhancing reservoir evaluation. Petrophysical analysis is fundamental in this context, enabling the interpretation of subsurface lithology and the assessment of key rock-fluid interactions, including porosity, permeability, and fluid saturation. …”
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“Asking for help feels like a weakness”: factors shaping first-year students’ expectations of STEM course office hours by Jeremy L. Hsu, Grace Holick, Rebecca M. Green, Elaine Benaksas Schwartz, Melissa Rowland-Goldsmith

“…., office hours as an independent study hall), that likely shape students’ expectancies, perceived benefits, and costs of attending office hours. We also find that most new first-year students hold positive attitudes towards STEM course office hours, and that some students’ perceptions are likely shaped by some secondary schools implementing office hours during the COVID-19 pandemic. …”
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