Endophytic fungi related to the ash dieback causal agent encode signatures of pathogenicity on European ash by Maryam Rafiqi, Chatchai Kosawang, Jessica A. Peers, Lukas Jelonek, Hélène Yvanne, Mark McMullan, Lene R. Nielsen

“…Indeed, pathogenicity tests showed that all four related Hymenoscyphus species develop pathogenic growth on European ash stems, with native H. albidus being the least virulent. Our results identify the threat Hymenoscypohus species pose to the survival of European ash trees, and highlight the importance of promoting pathogen surveillance in environmental landscapes. …”
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Exploitation of the genetic potential of <i>Thinopyrum</i> and <i>Agropyron</i> genera to protect wheat from diseases and environmental stresses by L. Ya. Plotnikova, V. V. Knaub

“…Obviously, a change in the chemical properties of fungal surface structures of races virulent to Lr19, Lr24, Sr24, Sr25, and Sr26 leads to a decrease in their adaptability to the environment. …”
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Localization of rust resistance genes in old local Russian flaxes by methods of classical genetics by S. N. Kutuzova, E. A. Porokhovinova, N. B. Brutch, A. V. Pavlov

“…F2 hybrids in the phase  of cotyledon leaves were inoculated with monopustule clones  of the  fungus,  not  virulent  to any of evaluated genes.  Gene allelism was checked  by the absence of the segregation. …”
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African swine fever in the Primorsky Krai: disease situation and molecular and biological properties of the isolate recovered from a wild boar long bone by А. R. Shotin, A. S. Igolkin, Ali Mazloum, I. V. Shevchenko, N. S. Bardina, E. O. Morozova, А. А. Shevtsov

“…Analysis of biological properties of ASFV/Primorsky 19/WB-6723 isolate recovered from the long bone of a dead wild boar in the Primorsky Krai suggested that the isolate is highly virulent, able to cause peracute to subacute disease and up to 100% mortality among infected animals. …”
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Lake salinization on the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau alters viral community composition and lifestyles by Yuan-Guo Xie, Yan-Ling Qi, Zhen-Hao Luo, Yan-Ni Qu, Jian Yang, Shi-Qiang Liu, Hai-long Yang, Dan-Wei Xie, Zimeng Wang, Hong-Chen Jiang, Zheng-Shuang Hua

“…Temperate viruses increase in relative abundance along the salinity gradient, whereas virulent viruses show a corresponding decline. These shifts are mirrored in the prokaryotic communities, with Alphaproteobacteria and their infecting temperate viruses, notably Casadabanvirus, becoming more prevalent in higher salinity zones. …”
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Screening of Probiotic Bacteria from Intestine and Culture Environment of Hoeven’s slender carp Leptobarbus hoeveni Blkr to Control Pathogenic Bacteria by . Sunarto, . Sukenda, . Widanarni

“…Isolate DD3 was the best of candidate probiotic because of the ability to inhibit pathogen, especially A. hydrophila, the most virulent bacteria in Leptobarbus hoeveni. Key Words  : probiotic bacteria, Leptobarbus hoeveni, pathogenic bacteria Abstrak Kemampuan bakteri probiotik untuk mengendalikan penyakit infeksi telah digunakan dalam akuakultur. …”
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Antibiotic Resistance Profile of Enterovirulent E. coli Isolates Harboring Broad-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase Genes in Cancer Patients at the Laquintinie Hospital in Douala, Littoral Re... by Michael F. Kengne, Armelle T. Mbaveng, Wiliane J. T. Marbou, Ousenu Karimo, Ballue S. T. Dadjo, Delano G. T. Fonjou, Ornella D. Tsobeng, Victor Kuete

“…Several associations were observed between virulence factors, resistance genes, and the antimicrobial resistance phenotype. …”
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Low-Level Zoonotic Transmission of Clade C MERS-CoV in Africa: Insights from Scoping Review and Cohort Studies in Hospital and Community Settings by Andrew Karani, Cynthia Ombok, Silvia Situma, Robert Breiman, Marianne Mureithi, Walter Jaoko, M. Kariuki Njenga, Isaac Ngere

“…Ongoing research focuses on genomic comparisons between clade C and the more virulent clades A and B, alongside the surveillance of viral evolution. …”
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Mortality trends during the first three waves of the COVID-19 pandemic at an urban district hospital in South Africa: A retrospective comparative analysis by O Hirachund, C Pennefather, M Naidoo

“…The Beta variant was the most virulent, with the highest case and crude fatality rates in wave 2. …”
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Identification and Pathogenicity of Causal Agents of Apple Canker Disease in Kazakhstan by Zhanar Tulegenova, Ulbike Amanbayeva, Aida M. Shalabayeva, Dina Yelyubayeva, Alikhan Zhaxylykov, Rabiga Uakhit, Ainura Smagulova, Vladimir Kiyan, Kazbek Dyussembayev, Gulzhamal Mukiyanova

“…Moreover, a pathogenicity test was conducted on detached twigs, and it demonstrated that two of these fungi were highly virulent. Overall, this paper is a first report of the causal agents of apple canker disease in Kazakhstan and could be a trigger for conducting future studies to better understand the disease epidemiology, as well as build management strategies.…”
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BVDV comprehensive studies and species identification in high-yielding livestock populations in the Sverdlovsk Oblast by N. A. Bezborodova, V. V. Kozhukhovskaya, E. V. Pechura, N. A. Martynov, O G. Tomskikh, A. N. Vasilyeva

“…Based on typing results, the virus isolates detected in four samples (nasopharyngeal swabs of calves, suspension prepared from aborted fetus organs and placenta) were classified as BVDV-1 virulent genotypes. The BVDV RNA, Mycoplasma bovis and Chlamydophila pecorum DNAs were detected simultaneously in 44% of vaginal swab samples from aborted cows and, in single cases, in the placenta and parenchymatous organs of dead calves; BVDV RNA and Bovine herpesvirus type 1 DNA were detected in 16% of pathological samples from dead calves. …”
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Genetic analysis of nucleotide sequences of neuraminidase gene of highly pathogenic avian influenza A/H5N8 virus isolates recovered in the Russian Federation in 2020 by P. B. Akshalova, N. G. Zinyakov, A. V. Andriyasov, P. D. Zhestkov, Z. B. Nikonova, S. N. Kolosov, I. A. Chvala

“…Avian influenza is a highly dangerous viral disease that causes huge economic damage to poultry farming. Currently, highly virulent influenza virus with N8 neur- aminidase subtype is quite often detected in populations of domestic and wild birds in various countries of the world. …”
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Comparative testing of vaccines based on viruses of genetic lineages G1 and Y280 for their potency against low pathogenic avian influenza H9N2 by S. V. Frolov, L. O. Scherbakova, N. V. Moroz, V. N. Irza, V. Yu. Kulakov

“…The level of inhibition (reduction) of the virulent LPAI virus genome synthesis in vaccinated birds following their challenge with H9N2 virus of genetic lineage G1 was higher in birds following homologous vaccination, while the time periods of the genome detection in the biomaterial samples were the same. …”
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Coculture with Eastern oysters is unlikely to reduce OsHV-1 impacts to farmed Pacific oysters: A modelling approach by Familusi Oluwatosin Adekunle, Gorka Bidegain, Tal Ben-Horin

“…In recent decades, the global expansion of Pacific oyster Magallana gigas aquaculture, driven by this species’ adaptability and rapid growth, has coincided with the emergence of novel and virulent microvariants (muvars) of Ostreid herpesvirus 1 (OsHV-1), causing significant industry losses. …”
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CRISPR/Cas9-Mediated Editing of a <i>NODULATION SIGNALING PATHWAY 1</i> Homolog Alters the Production of Strigolactones in Sunflower Roots by Maria A. Lebedeva, Maria S. Gancheva, Maksim R. Losev, Sofia V. Sokornova, Oleg S. Yuzikhin, Anna A. Krutikova, Kirill V. Plemyashov, Lyudmila A. Lutova

“…However, the selection of new resistant sunflower varieties was accompanied by the emergence of new virulent races of broomrape, which overcame the effect of resistance genes. …”
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Variability of daily feed intake as an indicator of resilience in Pietrain pigs by C. Casto-Rebollo, P. Nuñez, S. Gol, J. Reixach, N. Ibáñez-Escriche

“…Furthermore, a preliminary mortality study was carried out using data from 6 889 progeny of 55 boars on farms catalogued as virulent for porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome. …”
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Evaluating passive immunity in piglets from sows vaccinated with a PEDV S protein subunit vaccine by Jiajia Liu, Jiajia Liu, Guangli Hu, Shengjin Liu, Guangcai Ren, Liguo Gao, Liguo Gao, Zhiqing Zhao, Rui Geng, Dingli Wang, Xiao Shen, Feng Chen, Hanqin Shen, Hanqin Shen

“…Piglets born to immunized sows were challenged with a virulent PEDV strain. Piglets from the subunit vaccine group exhibited lower viral shedding, reduced clinical symptoms, and minimal intestinal lesions. …”
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Characterization of pathogenic bacteria in eel Anguilla bicolor bicolor by Dinamella Wahjuningrum, Acep Muhamad Hidayat, Tatag Budiardi

“…Koch’s postulates test proved that the Aeromonas hydrophila and Streptococcus agalactiae were virulent to Anguilla bicolor bicolor.  Thus, A.hydrophila and S. agalactiae were disease-causing agent bacteria in eel.   …”
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p18 encoded by FgGMTV1 is responsible for asymptomatic infection in Fusarium graminearum by Lihang Zhang, Pengfei Li, Yanfei Wang, Shuangchao Wang, Lihua Guo

“…Furthermore, the p18 null mutant virus converts F. graminearum from virulent to hypovirulent strains on wheat leaves after horizontal transmission. …”
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Hepatitis due to Coxsackie A virus in an adult: a case report by Likith Surendra, Varun Sharma, Milan Sivakumar, Tara Lanzendorf, Thomas C. Varkey, Kaivan Salehpour

“…Given the patient’s history of potential autoimmune and tramadol-induced hepatocyte damage, our case suggests that Coxsackie A may be more virulent in a patient with underlying liver vulnerability. …”
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