Helicobacter pylori: Genomic Insight into the Host-Pathogen Interaction by Kathryn P. Haley, Jennifer A. Gaddy

“…Together, these techniques have revealed novel virulence determinants in numerous pathogens and have provided information for potential chemotherapeutics. …”
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Morphology of Helicobacter pylori as a result of peptidoglycan and cytoskeleton rearrangements by Paweł Krzyżek, Grażyna Gościniak

“…In addition, the existence of proteins associated with modifications of H. pylori morphology as potential targets in therapies reducing the virulence of this bacterium has been suggested.…”
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Pathogenicity, Host Responses and Implications for Management of Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7 Infection by Nathan K Ho, Aleah C Henry, Kathene Johnson-Henry, Philip M Sherman

“…The present review focuses on the history, epidemiology and evolution of the pathogen; provides a mechanistic overview of major virulence factors (including Shiga toxins, locus of enterocyte effacement pathogenicity island and pO157 plasmid); discusses host immune responses to infection; considers available animal models; and provides an overview of current and potential future management considerations.…”
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High-quality draft genome and characterization of commercially potent probiotic strains by Ayesha Sulthana, Suvarna G. Lakshmi, Ratna Sudha Madempudi

“…The genomic analysis of all the strains confirmed the absence of genes encoding putative virulence factors, antibiotic resistance, and the plasmids.…”
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2009 H1N1 Influenza by Seth J. Sullivan, MD; Robert M. Jacobson, MD; Walter R. Dowdle, PhD; and Gregory A. Poland

“…The virus has caused disproportionate disease among young people with early reports of virulence similar to that of seasonal influenza. This clinical review provides an update encompassing the virology, epidemiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of the 2009 H1N1 virus. …”
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Genome-wide identification of short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases genes and functional characterization of ApSDR53C2 in melanin biosynthesis in Arthrinium phaeospermum by Jiao Liao, Yisi Wang, Han Liu, Sijia Liu, Peng Yan, Hang Chen, Shujiang Li, Shujiang Li

“…The pathogenicity analysis revealed that ApSDR53C2 and ApSDR548U2 play important roles in virulence, with ApSDR53C2 having a stronger effect. …”
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Mesalazine: a novel therapeutic agent for periodontitis via regulation of periodontal microbiota and inhibiting Porphyromonas gingivalis by Yuqi Wang, Yuqi Wang, Jun Ma, Haoyu Wang, Haoyu Wang, Jingzheng Yi, Yuxin Bai, Yuxin Bai, Min Hu, Min Hu, Jiaqing Yan, Jiaqing Yan

“…The antimicrobial mechanism was elucidated by assessing the expression of P. gingivalis virulence genes and by determining the disruptive effect on P. gingivalis cell membranes. …”
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Genome-wide association study analysis of single nucleotide variants in L. infantum associated with IL-6 inflammatory response in visceral leishmaniasis by Amanda Miranda da Silva, Kátia Silene Sousa Carvalho, Caio Andrey Bezerra Januário, Raquel Gomes de Sena Carneiro Caldas, Bianka Lopes da Silva Paulino, Débora Cavalcante Braz, Dorcas Lamounier Costa, Gabriel da Luz Wallau, Wilson Jose da Silva Junior, Carlos Henrique Nery Costa

“…The clinical manifestations of VL vary among patients, influenced by host factors and the virulence of the Leishmania infantum parasite. Considering that severe VL may result from an exaggerated inflammatory response, this study investigated whether IL-6 could serve as a biomarker to identify pro-inflammatory virulence factors. …”
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Whole-genome sequencing surveillance of Siberian tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) identifies an additional lineage in Kyrgyzstan by Jake D'Addiego, Mollie Curran-French, Jack Smith, Asankadyr T Junushov, Irena Breininger, Barry Atkinson, John Hay, Roger Hewson

“…In recent years, other TBEV subtypes have been described, namely the Himalayan and Baikalian subtypes. Differences in virulence between TBEV subtypes have been described, with the Far Eastern subtype causing the most severe disease in humans. …”
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Anthropisation et maladies à tique : l’exemple de la borréliose de Lyme by Boulanger, Nathalie

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Temporal expression of bacterial proteins instructs host CD4 T cell expansion and Th17 development. by Seung-Joo Lee, James B McLachlan, Jonathan R Kurtz, Danhua Fan, Sebastian E Winter, Andreas J Baumler, Marc K Jenkins, Stephen J McSorley

“…Pathogens can substantially alter gene expression within an infected host depending on metabolic or virulence requirements in different tissues, however, the effect of these alterations on host immunity are unclear. …”
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Role of Pore-Forming Toxins in Neonatal Sepsis by Andreas F.-P. Sonnen, Philipp Henneke

“…Protein toxins are important virulence factors contributing to neonatal sepsis. …”
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Vibrio parahaemolyticus: spread, detection and identification techniques by G. S. Skitovich, N. B. Shadrova, O. V. Pruntova

“…V. parahaemolyticus are characterized by two factors of virulence: thermostable direct hemolysin (tdh), a protein which facilitates the invasion of the human body by the bacterium, and aTDH-related hemolysin (trh) which plays the sameas TDH role in the disease pathogenesis. …”
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New Concepts in the Diagnosis and Pathogenesis of Trichomonas vaginalis by Renuka Bhatt, Mary Abraham, Dino Petrin, Gary E Garber

“…There is a need for more accurate and rapid laboratory diagnostic methods, leading to better control and treatment strategies. Various virulence factors such as adherence, contact-independent factors, hemolysis and acquisition of host macromolecules have been shown to play a role in the pathogenesis of this infection. …”
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Reviewing the Emergence of Lactococcus garvieae: A Case of Catheter Associated Urinary Tract Infection Caused by Lactococcus garvieae and Escherichia coli Coinfection by Tatvam T. Choksi, Farhan Dadani

“…Lactococcus garvieae is considered a low virulence organism which is rarely associated with human infections. …”
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Overview of Mink Immunity and Resistance to Pseudomonas aeruginosa by Jiangsong Bai, Xiao Wang, Zihui Zhang, Pengjing Lian, Jian Qiao

“…Many previous mink studies have investigated the pathology, pathogenesis, serology, antimicrobial resistance, virulence gene, vaccination, and related diseases of P. aeruginosa. …”
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DIAGNOSIS AND THERAPEUTIC MANAGEMENT OF COMPLICATED MIDDLE EAR CHOLESTEATOMA. A NARRATIVE REVIEW by Marius Cristian Mârțu, Alexandru Stingheriu, Oana Aștefanei, Iustin Iațentiuc, Ioana Mârțu, Oana Bitere-Popa

“…However, these advances have also contributed to the emergence of pathogens with heightened virulence and resistance to antibiotics, posing new therapeutic challenges. …”
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Porphyromonas gingivalis Outer Membrane Vesicles Mediate Coaggregation and Piggybacking of Treponema denticola and Lachnoanaerobaculum saburreum by Daniel Grenier

“…Porphyromonas gingivalis sheds outer membrane vesicles that contain several virulence factors, including adhesins. In this study, we investigated the ability of P. gingivalis outer membrane vesicles to mediate the coaggregation and piggybacking of Treponema denticola and Lachnoanaerobaculum saburreum. …”
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Helicobacter pylori: pathogenesis by P. Sabanas, L. Jonaitis

“…The clinical consequences of H. pylori infection are closely linked with the expression of virulence factors produced by the bacterium. To improve diagnostic tools and optimize the treatment outcomes of H. pylori infection it is essential to understand its pathogenesis. …”
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A novel strain of Leishmania braziliensis harbors not a toti- but a bunyavirus. by Alexei Yu Kostygov, Danyil Grybchuk, Senne Heeren, Evgeny S Gerasimov, Donnamae Klocek, Aditya Reddy, Jovana Sádlová, Lenka Pacáková, Alain Kohl, František Stejskal, Petr Volf, Jean-Claude Dujardin, Vyacheslav Yurchenko

“…We suggest that these viruses may serve as potential factors of virulence in American leishmaniasis and encourage researchers to test leishmanial strains for the presence of not only LRVs, but also other RNA viruses.…”
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