Modelling the health, financial protection and equity impacts of upscaling the ACT NOW early intervention breast cancer pilot program in the Philippines: an extended cost-effective... by Blake Angell, Stephen Jan, Mark Woodward, Sanne Peters, Merel Kimman, Alexander Chye, Nirmala Bhoo Pathy, Herdee Gloriane C Luna, Soledad B Lim, Helen Monaghan, Corazon A Ngelangel

“…Probabilistic, one-way sensitivity and scenario analyses explored uncertainty.Results Over 5 years, the ACT NOW intervention is cost-effective with an ICER of PHP60 711 (USD1098) (average incremental cost PHP743 [95% UI 424–960] and DALYs saved 0.01 [95% UI 0.01–0.02], below Philippines 2022 gross domestic product per capita PHP178 751). …”
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The Burden of Type 2 Diabetes in Adolescents and Young Adults in China: A Secondary Analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 by Junting Yang, Siwei Deng, Houyu Zhao, Feng Sun, Xiantong Zou, Linong Ji, Siyan Zhan

“…Results: From 1990 to 2021, the ASR of incidence of early-onset T2D in China increased from 140.20 [95% uncertainty interval (UI): 89.14 to 204.74] to 315.97 (95% UI: 226.75 to 417.55) per 100,000, with an AAPC of 2.67% (95% CI: 2.60% to 2.75%, P < 0.001). …”
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Medical student experiences of Case-Based Learning (CBL) at a multicultural medical school by Catherine Bruen, Jan Illing, Ronan Daly, Frances Meagher, Caroline Delany, Gozie Offiah, Sally Doherty, Ellen Stuart, Martina Crehan, Helen Kelly

“…We identified six learning points to highlight features of CBL that support active learning: CBL increased contact with peers and facilitated student bonding; students need to feel psychologically safe to participate; prior learning can enhance confidence to participate; facilitators need to be aware of their role, know about psychological safety, and manage student participation including the dominant voice; some students have a lower tolerance of uncertainty and need additional clarity at the end either via the facilitator or additional notes that provide the key learning points to take away; students became more engaged when a case is aligned to a real patient case giving it authenticity. …”
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Mamá Empoderada: study protocol for a pilot trial of a novel parenting and mental health prevention intervention for migrant mothers with young children at the Mexico-US border by Gudelia Rangel, Shira M Goldenberg, Eileen Pitpitan, Kaylee Ramage, Ietza Bojorquez-Chapela, Cecilia Martinez-Torteya, Katherine Rosenblum, Chelsie Hernandez, Monica Alvarez

“…Introduction Migrant women in transit face high risk of developing mental health problems such as depression and anxiety, driven by gendered social-structural factors including violence, social isolation, migration uncertainty, limited access to services and gender inequities. …”
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Botulinum toxin type A for the treatment of patients with post-stroke spasticity in Thailand: cost-utility and budget impact analysis by Phorntida Hadnorntun, Pattara Leelahavarong, Tanawan Kongmalai, Varalak Srinonprasert, Juthamas Prawjaeng, Phakamas Tanvijit, Chuenchom Chueluecha, Nawarat Jintakul, Tipyarat Saringcarinkul, Witsanu Kumthornthip

“…Costs, utilities, transitional probabilities and treatment efficacy were derived from 5-year retrospective data from tertiary hospitals and meta-analysis. Uncertainty analyses were performed.Setting Tertiary hospitals in Thailand.Participants Cohort of post-stroke patients aged 55 years with UL or LL spasticity and a Modified Ashworth Scale score ≥1+.Interventions BoNT-A (abobotulinumtoxinA: aboBoNT-A, onabotulinumtoxinA: onaBoNT-A or prabotulinumtoxinA: praBoNT-A) combined with SoC versus SoC alone.Primary outcome measures Expected life years, quality-adjusted life years (QALYs), costs and incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs), considering a cost-effectiveness threshold of 160 000 THB (US$4468) per QALY gained.Results The combination of aboBoNT-A and SoC yielded the highest QALYs gained (0.013 for UL and 0.11 for LL), followed by onaBoNT-A and SoC and praBoNT-A and SoC. …”
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Is first-line treatment with polatuzumab vedotin–rituximab–cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin and prednisone (pola-R-CHP) for previously untreated diffuse large B-cell lymphoma cost-eff... by Lin Yang, Ting Chen, Qiuling Zhao, Liangliang Dong, Wanfu Zhong, Wenbin Liu, Xiuliang Qiu, Ruyi Huang, Shengqiang Huang, Ruixiang Xie

“…The willingness-to-pay (WTP) threshold was set at triple the 2023 Chinese per capita gross domestic product of US$38 042.49/quality-adjusted life year (QALY). Uncertainty was addressed using sensitivity analyses. …”
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Appropriate Timing of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Diagnosis in Medium- and Low-Risk Women: Effectiveness of the Italian NHS Recommendations in Preventing Fetal Macrosomia by Paola Quaresima, Federica Visconti, Eusebio Chiefari, Maria Mirabelli, Massimo Borelli, Patrizia Caroleo, Daniela Foti, Luigi Puccio, Roberta Venturella, Costantino Di Carlo, Antonio Brunetti

“…Nonetheless, there is uncertainty about which women would benefit most from early screening and which screening strategies should be offered to women with GDM. …”
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Global temporal trends and projections of hepatitis B-related cirrhosis among adolescents and young adults from 1990 to 2035: an analysis based on the global burden of disease stud... by Quanwei He, Quanwei He, Quanwei He, Xiujuan Chang, Ran Xu, Ran Xu, Wei Han, Wei Han, Sihao Wang, Sihao Wang, Shujuan Gong, Shujuan Gong, Jiagan Huang, Jiangtao Liu, Rugang Zhang, Yongping Yang, Yongping Yang, Yongping Yang

“…Temporal trends were assessed using joinpoint regression analysis, while the Bayesian age-period-cohort model was used to predict future trends.ResultsFrom 1990 to 2021, the global incidence rate of hepatitis B-related cirrhosis decreased from 111.33 (95% uncertainty interval: 89.18 to 134.98) to 67.75 (54.06 to 82.71) per 100,000 with an average annual percentage change of −1.58 (95% confidence interval: −1.66 to −1.51, p &lt; 0.001). …”
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Cost-effectiveness analysis of three surgical approaches for parathyroidectomy in secondary hyperparathyroidism patients by Qila Sa, Qila Sa, Yinghui Zhou, Guangming Cheng, Boyuan Nan, Yingnan Feng, Yingnan Feng, Ningyuan Zhang, Ningyuan Zhang, Wantao Xie, Wantao Xie, Wei Zhang

“…The study period is 10 years post-surgery, with a discount rate of 5% per year. Uncertainty in the model was assessed using one-way sensitivity analysis and probabilistic sensitivity analysis (PSA).ResultsThe costs incurred by SHPT patients undergoing sPTX, tPTX, and tPTX+AT within 10 years post-surgery are $7042.54, $9983.00, and $11435.60, respectively, with total utilities generated being 13.23 QALYs, 18.76 QALYs, and 18.69 QALYs. …”
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Consecutive prediction of adverse maternal outcomes of preeclampsia, using the PIERS-ML and fullPIERS models: A multicountry prospective observational study. by Guiyou Yang, Tünde Montgomery-Csobán, Wessel Ganzevoort, Sanne J Gordijn, Kimberley Kavanagh, Paul Murray, Laura A Magee, Henk Groen, Peter von Dadelszen

“…We recommend using the models for consecutive prediction with greater caution and interpreting predictions with increasing uncertainty as the pregnancy progresses. For clinical practice, models should be adapted to retain accuracy when deployed serially. …”
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Levels and related factors of occupational stress among nurses: hospital-based evidence from China, 2023 by Xiaoying Zhong, Yan Zeng, Lin Peng, Xixi Li, Yuanli Jia, Changqing Pan, Bangjun Wang

“…Nurses may face job insecurity and uncertainty regarding their roles, which could prompt some to consider transitioning to different specialties. …”
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Observational cohort study of a group-based VR program to improve mental health and wellbeing in people with life-threatening illnesses by Hannes Kettner, Hannes Kettner, David R. Glowacki, David R. Glowacki, Justin Wall, Justin Wall, Justin Wall, Robin L. Carhart-Harris, Robin L. Carhart-Harris, Leor Roseman, Leor Roseman, Joseph L. Hardy, Joseph L. Hardy

“…IntroductionBeing diagnosed with a life-threatening illness (LTI) is often accompanied by feelings of fear, uncertainty, and loneliness that can severely impact mental health. …”
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Time trends in malaria incidence from 1992 to 2021 in high-risk regions: An age‑period‑cohort analysis based on the Global Burden of Disease study 2021 by Yu Cao, Hao Wu, Yongping Zhang, Xueyi Wu, Jingjing Li, Hanwu Chen, Wei Gao

“…Results: In 2021, the global age-standardized incidence rate of malaria declined to 3485.3 per 100,000 (95% uncertainty interval [UI]: 2804.5-4435.7), a 5.24% decrease since 1992. …”
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Direct high-precision radon quantification for interpreting high-frequency greenhouse gas measurements by D. Kikaj, E. Chung, A. D. Griffiths, S. D. Chambers, G. Forster, G. Forster, A. Wenger, P. Pickers, P. Pickers, C. Rennick, S. O'Doherty, J. Pitt, K. Stanley, D. Young, L. S. Fleming, L. S. Fleming, K. Adcock, E. Safi, T. Arnold, T. Arnold

“…Translating spot measurements of atmospheric GHG amount fractions into regional flux estimates (“top-down” analysis) is usually performed with atmospheric transport models (ATMs), which calculate the sensitivity of regional emissions to changes in observed GHGs at a finite number of locations. However, the uncertainty of regional emissions is closely linked to ATM uncertainties. …”
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Sequential bioaugmentation of the dominant microorganisms to improve the fermentation and flavor of cereal vinegar by Ao Zhang, Wenqing Zhang, Xiaorui Guo, Jiao Wang, Kai Liang, Yaao Zhou, Fanfan Lang, Yu Zheng, Min Wang

“…Traditional cereal vinegars are fermented by microorganisms that are spontaneously enriched, leading to uncertainty in regulating the fermentation process and flavor. …”
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Multidimensional 1-Year Outcomes After Intensive Care Admission for Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children by Thomas C. Seijbel, BSc, Levi Hoste, MD, Corinne M. P. Buysse, MD, PhD, Karolijn Dulfer, PhD, Filomeen Haerynck, MD, PhD, Matthijs de Hoog, MD, PhD, Naomi Ketharanathan, MD, PhD

“…The COVID-19 pandemic gave rise to uncertainty concerning potential sequelae related to a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection. …”
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Age-related differences of subjective visual vertical perception in adults—a functional near-infrared spectroscopy study by Jun Lu, Jun Lu, Xiang Gong, Meng-Huan Wang, Ruo-Xin Zhao, Yu-Chen Wang, Ying-Ying Shen, Rong Cao, Guang-Xu Xu, Guang-Xu Xu

“…The neural mechanisms and aging effects on SVV perception, however, remain unclear.ObjectiveThis study seeks to examine aging-related changes in SVV perception and uncover its neurological underpinnings through functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS).MethodsIn a comparative study of 19 young and 19 older adults, the standardized SVV task executed in Eprime 3.0 software evaluated participants’ SVV orientation and uncertainty. Cortical responses were monitored via fNIRS during the task, with block averaging analysis employed to delineate the associated hemodynamic responses. …”
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Burden of alopecia areata in China, 1990–2021: Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 by Xiangqian Li, Huixin Liu, Wenhui Ren, Qijiong Zhu, Peng Yin, Lijun Wang, Jianzhong Zhang, Jinlei Qi, Cheng Zhou, Lishao Guo

“…In 2021, the estimated number of patients with AA in China was approximately 3.49 million (95% uncertainty interval [UI], 3.37–3.62 million); of these patients, 1.20 million (95% UI, 1.16–1.25 million) were male and 2.29 million (95% UI, 2.20–2.37 million) were female. …”
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Research Progress and Prospect of Multi-robot Collaborative SLAM in Complex Agricultural Scenarios by MA Nan, CAO Shanshan, BAI Tao, KONG Fantao, SUN Wei

“…Dynamic environmental factors, such as crop growth, changing weather patterns, and livestock movement, increase system uncertainty. Additionally, agricultural terrains vary from open fields to irregular greenhouses, requiring robots to adjust their localization and path-planning strategies based on environmental conditions. …”
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A CO₂–Δ¹⁴CO₂ inversion setup for estimating European fossil CO₂ emissions by C. Gómez-Ortiz, G. Monteil, G. Monteil, S. Basu, S. Basu, M. Scholze

“…We find that the prior uncertainty of fossil <span class="inline-formula">CO₂</span> emissions does not significantly impact the posterior estimates, showing similar results in regions with good sampling coverage like western/central Europe and northern Europe. …”
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