Efficacy and safety of ketamine and esketamine in reducing the incidence of postpartum depression: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis by Moaz Yasser Darwish, Abdallah A. Helal, Yousif Ahmed Othman, Manar Alaa Mabrouk, Aya Alrawi, Taha Abd-ElSalam Ashraf, Nada K. Abdelsattar, Fatma Mohammed Sayed, Mohamed Abd-ElGawad

“…Esketamine was the intervention in 14 studies, and ketamine was used in 7 studies. In subgroup analysis, both ketamine and esketamine were significantly effective in reducing the incidence of short-term PPD (ketamine: RR = 0.72, 95% CI [0.56, 0.93], P = 0.01; esketamine: RR = 0.43, P < 0.0001). …”
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Can Early Diagnosis of Varices, Regular Praziquantel, and Reduction of Hepatitis Coinfection Reduce Mortality among Patients Attended for Periportal Fibrosis in Northwestern Tanzan... by Daniel W. Gunda, Elizabeth F. Mtui, Semvua B. Kilonzo, Paulina M. Manyiri, David C. Majinge, Humphrey D. Mazigo

“…Understanding factors that increased the risk of mortality is important clinically in devising ways that can improve the outcome of this subgroup of patients. Methods. A retrospective analysis of patients with PPF from 2015 through 2018 was done. …”
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Daily Usage of Proton Pump Inhibitors May Reduce the Severity of Critical Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding in Elderly Patients by Hidetaka Matsuda, Takuto Nosaka, Yu Akazawa, Yasushi Saito, Yoshihiko Ozaki, Kazuto Takahashi, Tatsushi Naito, Kazuya Ofuji, Masahiro Ohtani, Katsushi Hiramatsu, Yasunari Nakamoto

“…When analyzing data for a subgroup of patients older than 75 years, we found the protective PPI effect to be even higher in the mild UGIB group than in the moderate/severe group (37.0% vs. 5.6%; OR 10.000; 95% CI 1.150–86.951, P<0.05). …”
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Use of Cesarean Birth among Robson Groups 2 and 4 at Mizan-Tepi University Hospital, Ethiopia by Margo S. Harrison, Tewodros Liyew, Ephrem Kirub, Biruk Teshome, Andrea Jimenez-Zambrano, Margaret Muldrow, Teklemariam Yarinbab

“…More research is needed on the prelabor subgroup as a separate entity.…”
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Association between Serum Adiponectin and Atrial Fibrillation: A Case-Control Study Stratified by Age and Gender by Tongjian Zhu, Zhuo Wang, Songyun Wang, Wei Hu, Hui Chen, Jing Xie, Meng Wang, Kezhong Ma, Hong Jiang

“…The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that higher adiponectin was an independent predictor of AF in the overall participants (odds ratio [OR] 1.224, 95% CI 1.018–1.471, P=0.032). Subgroup analysis showed that higher adiponectin was independently associated with AF in women (OR 1.893, 95% CI 1.160–3.089, P=0.011) and in patients aged < 65 years (OR 1.453, 95% CI 1.023–2.064, P=0.037), but not in men or those aged ≥ 65 years. …”
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Inflammatory bowel disease increases the risk of pancreatitis: a two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization analysis by Li-Hui Fang, Jia-Qi Zhang, Jin-Ke Huang, Xu-Dong Tang

“…Conclusion In conclusion, based on MR analysis and meta-analysis, our results showed a positive causal effect of IBD on pancreatitis, and subgroup analyses showed that UC and CD may promote the development of acute pancreatitis, whereas UC may promote the development of chronic pancreatitis. …”
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Clinical Efficacy and Safety of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy for Degenerative Disc Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials by Baocheng Xie, Shichun Chen, Yongxiang Xu, Weichao Han, Runkai Hu, Minyi Chen, Ruirong He, Shaobo Ding

“…The analysis showed that MSC therapy could decrease visual analog scale (VAS) scores (SMD=−0.50, 95%CI=−0.68~−0.33, P<0.00001) and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) scores (SMD=−0.27, 95%CI=−0.44~−0.09, P=0.003). The outcomes with subgroup analysis showed that MSC therapy could decrease VAS scores in 3 months (P=0.001), 6 months (P=0.01), 12 months (P=0.02), and ≥24 months (P=0.002) and ODI scores in ≥24 months (P=0.006). …”
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Effect of smoking cessation on the likelihood of pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer by Xiao Han, Zouhua Xu, Dongmei Ma, Zhi Ling, Xiaowu Dong, Xuebing Yan, Yong Chen, Guotao Lu, Xudong Yin, Hongwei Xu

“…Compared with current smokers, ex-smokers had reduced odds for AP (AOR=0.76; 95% CI: 0.64–0.89), CP (AOR=0.31; 95% CI: 0.21–0.46), and PC (AOR=0.62; 95% CI: 0.50–0.76). Subgroup analysis revealed reduced odds for these pancreatic diseases in males and females. …”
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Association of β-Blocker Therapy at Discharge with Clinical Outcomes after Acute Coronary Syndrome in Patients without Heart Failure by Yan Chen, Xiao-fang Tang, Run-lin Gao, Yue-jin Yang, Bo Xu, Jin-qing Yuan

“…During a 2-year follow-up, no significant association was observed of β-blocker use with all-cause mortality (with β-blockers 47/5,043 (0.9%) vs. without β-blocker use 8/588 (1.4%); hazard ratio (HR) 0.762, 95% confidence interval 0.36 to 1.64; P=0.485), cardiac death, myocardial infarction (MI), or major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events. Subgroup analysis demonstrated that the β-blocker use at discharge reduced the 2-year mortality in patients with unstable angina (UA) (HR 0.42, 95% CI 0.19 to 0.94, P=0.034). …”
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Joint association of systemic immune-inflammation index and phenotypic age acceleration with chronic respiratory disease: a cross-sectional study by Yuan Zhan, Ruonan Yang, Jie Feng, Genlong Bai, Xiangyun Shi, Jiaheng Zhang, Jingbo Zhang

“…The dose-response relationship between exposures and outcomes was determined by restricted cubic splines (RCS) regression. Subgroup and mediation analyses were further conducted. …”
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Evaluation of an interprofessional education program involving medical and pharmacy students: a mixed-method study by Josephine F. Mertens, Marleen H. M. Hessel, Thomas G. H. Kempen, Stefan Böhringer, Adriaan F. Norbart, Chris W. Walinga, Teun van Gelder

“…Effect sizes for competency development were estimated, and subgroup analyses were performed to examine the impact of multiple IPE activities. …”
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Ethiopia hygiene practice during complementary feeding and associated factors; systematic review and meta-analysis by Getnet Alemu Andargie, Kedir Seid, Gebeyehu Lakew, Amlaku Nigusie Yirsaw, Alemshet Yirga Berhie, Asnake Gashaw Belayneh, Solomon Ketema Bogale, Eyob Ketema Bogale, Eyob Getachew

“…The overall pooled prevalence of hygienic practices during complementary feeding was 42% (95% CI: 35%–48%). Subgroup analysis showed a prevalence of 41% in southern Ethiopia and 39% in northern Ethiopia. …”
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Review protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis on HIV inequities in transgender and non-binary populations by Jennifer Sherwood, Arjee Restar, Don Operario, Hannah Rogers, Ruby Lucas, Ruwenne Moodley, Jessie M. Garcia Gutiérrez, Audren J K Bambilla, Dil Singh, Emerson Dusic, Danielle Giovenco, Shufang Sun

“…We will conduct a narrative synthesis on the areas of research that have been conducted to improve HIV prevention and treatment among trans populations and summarise their findings. Subgroup analyses by gender identity, global regions and self-report versus lab-confirmed findings will be conducted.Ethics and dissemination Ethics approval is not applicable for this review since we will not be collecting primary data. …”
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Clinical significance of HER2 in urothelial carcinoma and analysis of its correlation with glycolytic metabolic characteristics by Andong Guo, Andong Guo, Chenrui Wu, Jishuang Cao, Kejia Zhu, Kejia Zhu, Sentai Ding, Sentai Ding

“…No significant relationships were observed between HER2 status and TyG levels, HOMA-IR, or HOMA-B. Subgroup analyses confirmed the consistency of the relationship between HER2 expression and LDH levels across different demographics and lifestyle factors.ConclusionOur findings confirm the significant role of HER2 as a prognostic marker and therapeutic target in UC. …”
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Management of sleep apnoea syndrome (SAS) in patients with vasovagal syncope (VVS): a protocol for the VVS-SAS cohort study by Jean Louis Pepin, Nicolas Molinari, Frédéric Gagnadoux, Carey Meredith Suehs, Frédéric Roche, Vincent Puel, Isabelle Godard, Georgios Papaioannou, Philippe Gosse, Fabrice Thoin, Jean Claude Deharo, Naïma Zarqane

“…Longitudinal data will be analysed using mixed models with patients set as a random effect. Subgroup analyses will be performed for SAS-treatment adherence and efficacy.Ethics and dissemination The VVS-SAS registry was approved by an ethics committee (Comité pour la Protection des Personnes Ile-de-France VI, Reference number CPP/2-18) in accordance with French law. …”
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Correlation between gallstones and fasting blood glucose to serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio among American adults by Bo Wu, Huachao Zheng, Caixiang Zhuang, Jiesheng Mao, Luo Yuncheng, Lidong Huang, Min Li, Zhao Feiyang, Sisi Lin, Pengwei Wang, Yiren Hu

“…Several statistical methods, including analysis of threshold effects, smoothed curve fitting, multiple logistic regression modeling, and subgroup analysis, were utilized to investigate the connection between GHR and gallstones.ResultsIn 3898 U.S. adults, GHR was significantly positively associated with the prevalence of gallbladder stones. …”
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Effect of perioperative methylprednisolone administration on postoperative pleural effusion in older patients with non-small cell lung cancer by Xinyu Hao, Yongxin Guo, Ziyao Xu, Yanping Song, Jingjing Liu, Likai Shi, Qiang Fu, Wenzhu Shi, Jiangbei Cao, Yanhong Liu, Li Tong, Weidong Mi

“…Propensity score matching (PSM) method reduced selection bias enhancing causal inference validity. Subgroup analyses identified potential effect heterogeneity in specific sub-populations. …”
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The Long-Term Uptake of Home Spirometry in Regular Cystic Fibrosis Care: Retrospective Multicenter Observational Study by Pia Bertram, Martinus C Oppelaar, Michiel AGE Bannier, Monique HE Reijers, Hester van der Vaart, Renske van der Meer, Josje Altenburg, Lennart Conemans, Bart L Rottier, Marianne Nuijsink, Lara S van den Wijngaart, Peter JFM Merkus, Jolt Roukema

“…The effect of the initiation of a new treatment, Elexacaftor/Tezacaftor/Ivacaftor, on use frequency over time was assessed in a subgroup of participants with repeated measures ANOVA. …”
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Prevalence and related factors of compassion fatigue among registered nurses and nursing students during the internship: a systematic review and meta-analysis by Lijuan Yi, Suwen Hu, Mengqi Liao, Liang Cheng, Yi Liu, Xu Tian, Maria F. Jiménez-Herrera

“…For nursing students during internships, pooled mean scores were 29.16 (95% CI 26.95 to 31.37) and 25.64 (95% CI 20.95 to 30.34), respectively. Subgroup analyses revealed that post-COVID-19 pandemic, nurses exhibited higher compassion fatigue, especially in ICU or emergency departments. …”
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Effectiveness and Safety of Treatments for Early‐Stage Merkel Cell Carcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis of Randomized and Non‐Randomized Studies by Yves Paul Vincent Mbous, Rowida Mohamed, Usha Sambamoorthi, Murtuza Bharmal, Khalid M. Kamal, Traci LeMasters, Joanna Kolodney, George A. Kelley

“…In addition, DSS (HR = 0.58, 95% CI, 0.24–1.40) was not statistically significant but DFS was (HR = 0.35, 95% CI, 0.13–0.93). Subgroup analyses revealed that adjuvant radiotherapy was more effective in local than regional MCC. …”
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