The lean body mass to visceral fat mass ratio is negatively associated with cardiometabolic disorders: a cross-sectional study by Ya Shao, Na Wang, Meiling Shao, Bin Liu, Yu Wang, Yan Yang, Longti Li, Huiqin Zhong

“…Dyslipidemia and diabetes demonstrated nonlinear patterns, while a linear association was found for hypertension. Subgroup analyses across various characteristics confirmed these findings with no substantial directional changes. …”
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Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in the general population in Wuzhou, China: a cross-sectional study by Liumei Yan, Qiliang He, Xinyun Peng, Sen Lin, Meigu Sha, Shujian Zhao, Dewang Huang, Jiemei Ye

“…The positive rates and predictive risks of the antibodies increased with age, and the highest positive rates were observed in the 50–60 age subgroup. Based on the outcomes of serological diagnostic techniques, it was observed that the positive rate was significantly higher compared to that of non-serological diagnostic methods, specifically the 14C-UBT results (43.3% versus 14.97%). …”
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Epidemiology of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus Colonization in Neonates within Neonatal Intensive Care Units: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis by Seraphine Nkie Esemu, Arnol Bowo-Ngandji, Roland Ndip Ndip, Jane-Francis Tatah Kihla Akoachere, Nene Kaah Keneh, Jean Thierry Ebogo-Belobo, Cyprien Kengne-Ndé, Donatien Serge Mbaga, Nicholas Tendongfor, Hortense Kamga Gonsu, Jean Paul Assam Assam, Lucy Mande Ndip

“…When the source of MRSA was considered, CA-MRSA incidence was 2.7%, while HA-MRSA incidence was notably higher at 11%. A subgroup analysis showed geographical differences in the cumulative incidence of MRSA colonization in NICUs, with Brazil having the lowest incidence and Taiwan the highest. …”
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Association between cardiovascular health and osteoporotic fractures: a national population-based study by Jun Ou, Tingting Wang, Ridan Lei, Mengting Sun, Xiaorui Ruan, Jianhui Wei, Jiabi Qin

“…A significant linear trend was observed across different CVH levels (P for trend < 0.001). Subgroup analyses revealed that the inverse relationship between CVH and osteoporotic fractures was consistent across different demographic and health-related subgroups. …”
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Exploring the Prevalence and Components of Metabolic Syndrome in Sub-Saharan African Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis by Nelson Musilanga, Hussein Nasib, Given Jackson, Frank Shayo, Clarkson Nhanga, Saleh Girukwigomba, Ambokile Mwakibolwa, Samson Henry, Keneth Kijusya, Edgar Msonge

“…The weighted pooled prevalence of metabolic syndrome among individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus in sub-Saharan Africa was 63.1% (95% CI: 57.9–68.1) when using the NCEP-ATP III 2004 criteria and 60.8% (95% CI: 50.7–70.0) when using the IDF criteria. Subgroup analysis, using NCEP-ATP III 2004 and IDF criteria, revealed higher weighted pooled prevalence among females: 73.5% (95% CI: 67.4–79.5), 71.6% (95% CI: 60.2–82.9), compared to males: 50.5% (95% CI: 43.8–57.2), 44.5% (95% CI: 34.2–54.8), respectively. …”
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Influence of the A3669G Glucocorticoid Receptor Gene Polymorphism on the Metabolic Profile of Pediatric Patients with Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia by Ricardo P. P. Moreira, Larissa G. Gomes, Guiomar Madureira, Berenice B. Mendonca, Tânia A. S. S. Bachega

“…This study provides new insight into the GR screening during CAH treatment, which could help to identify the subgroup of at-risk patients who would most benefit from preventive therapeutic action.…”
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TLR7: A Key Prognostic Biomarker and Immunotherapeutic Target in Lung Adenocarcinoma by Feiming Hu, Chenchen Hu, Yuanli He, Yuanjie Sun, Chenying Han, Xiyang Zhang, Lingying Yu, Daimei Shi, Yubo Sun, Junqi Zhang, Dongbo Jiang, Shuya Yang, Kun Yang

“…The response of the TLR7 subgroup to immunotherapy and drug sensitivity was observed. …”
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Comparison of radiation esophagitis associated with daytime versus evening radiotherapy in patients with esophageal carcinoma by Yun Xing, Yutian Yin, Liang Yu, Cong Zhang, Guangjin Chai, Bo Lyu, Bin Wang, Lina Zhao, Geng Xiang

“…There was no difference in the overall survival (OS), locoregional relapse-free survival (LRFS), distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS), and progression-free survival (PFS) (all p > 0.05) between the daytime treatment group and evening treatment group. The results of the subgroup analysis showed that no significant difference was found in radiation esophagitis between the two groups with PGTV dose < 59.34 Gy, while there was a higher odds for the Grade 2 or higher radiation esophagitis in the evening treatment group than the daytime treatment group (odds ratio, 1.675 [95% CI 1.062–2.643]) with PGTV dose ≥ 59.34 Gy. …”
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Characteristics of Sluggish Cognitive Tempo among adults with ADHD: objective neurocognitive measures align with self-report of executive function by Beth Krone, Lenard A. Adler, Deepti Anbarasan, Terry Leon, Richard Gallagher, Pooja Patel, Stephen V. Faraone, Jeffrey H. Newcorn

“…SCT was also associated with a significantly distinct profile on the neuropsychological battery, characterized by a pattern of slower latencies and cognitive strategy choices across CANTAB and WAIS subtests, that reveals difficulty with increased cognitive load, which primarily accounted for the higher level of impairment in the SCT group.DiscussionThe convergence of clinical ratings and neurocognitive measures of EF deficits is consistent with the conclusion that SCT represents a distinct subgroup of adults with ADHD.…”
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Associations between oxidation balance score and abdominal aortic calcification, and the mediating role of glycohemoglobin: a nationally representative cross-sectional study from N... by Heqian Liu, Yifei Wu, Zhenyu Liu, Hongzhi Ren, Ya Wu, Ya Wu, Yong Liu, Yong Liu, Yong Liu

“…According to the weighted linear regression subgroup analyses, there were no significant OBS-AAC correlations among males (p &gt; 0.05), but there were significant correlations among females (p &lt; 0.05). …”
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Is longer really better? Results of a retrospective real-life cohort study evaluating the benefit of adding a weekly educational session to a traditional 8-week home-based pulmonar... by Cécile Chenivesse, Olivier Le Rouzic, Jean-Marie Grosbois, Sarah Gephine, Sophie Peres

“…Participants were retrospectively divided into two groups (Gr 1, 8 PR sessions, n=759, and Gr 2, 8 PR sessions+8 educational sessions, n=262).Intervention All participants received an 8-week personalised home PR programme. A subgroup of participants received one additional supervised home session per week, including education and motivational support for daily physical activities and walking.Outcomes Health-related quality of life, dyspnoea, anxiety and depressive symptoms, fatigue and exercise tolerance were assessed at baseline (M0), at the end of PR (M2), and 14 months (M14) after M0.Results Baseline characteristics and assessments were similar between groups with an exception for long-term oxygen therapy (Gr1: 69.8% vs Gr2 53.0%, p&lt;0.001) and noninvasive ventilation (Gr1: 38.6% vs Gr2: 29.8%, p=0.015). …”
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Feasibility and Preliminary Effects of Acupuncture for Cognitive Dysfunction in Diverse Cancer Survivors: A Pilot, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial by Xiaotong Li, Kaitlin Lampson, Tim A. Ahles, James C. Root, Q. Susan Li, Yuelin Li, Anam Ahsan, Jun J. Mao, Kevin T. Liou

“…From baseline to week 10, the RA group (n = 19) reported a clinically meaningful 17.3-point increase in FACT-Cog PCI (95% confidence interval [CI] 12.5 to 22.1), compared to 9.7 points (95% CI 2.8 to 16.7) in the SA group (n = 9), and 6.8 points (95% CI −3.7 to 17.2) in the WLC group (n = 4). In the subgroup analysis among patients with a below-average baseline HVLT-R (T-score < 50), the RA group (n = 8) increased FACT-Cog PCI scores by 20.4 (95% CI 13.6 to 27.3), compared to 11.1 points (95% CI 0.6 to 21.5) in the SA group (n = 5). …”
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Postprogression therapy and confounding for the estimated treatment effect on overall survival in phase III oncology trials by Pavlos Msaouel, Ramez Kouzy, Joseph Abi Jaoude, Ethan B Ludmir, Alexander D Sherry, Timothy A Lin, Esther J Beck, Avital M Miller, Adina H Passy, Gabrielle S Kupferman, Eugene J Koay, Clifton David Fuller, Charles R Thomas, Zachary R McCaw

“…PPT adjustments were often prespecified (N=23, 56%), and appeared to be more likely in cross-over studies (OR 5.04, 95% CI 2.42 to 10.38) and studies with discordant surrogate-OS findings (OR 2.26, 95% CI 1.16 to 4.38). In key subgroup analyses, PPT analyses were infrequent, including 8% of trials among those studying locoregional/first-line therapy and 11% of trials among those powered for OS.Conclusions Although time on PPTs is an important component of OS, PPTs are rarely considered in OS analyses, which may introduce confounding on estimates of the treatment effect on OS. …”
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Virtual Reality Interventions for Older Adults With Mild Cognitive Impairment: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials by Qin Yang, Liuxin Zhang, Fangyuan Chang, Hongyi Yang, Bin Chen, Zhao Liu

“…A meta-analysis, risk-of-bias sensitivity analysis, and subgroup analysis were performed where appropriate to explore potential moderators. …”
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Trends in depressive symptoms among high school students with and without health-risk behaviors in the United States: A population-based studyResearch in context by Tanner J. Bommersbach, Mark Olfson, Taeho Greg Rhee

“…Depressive symptoms increased more among students engaging in ≤1 risk category (BAPC = 4.6% [3.6–5.7%]) than students engaging in 4–5 risk categories (BAPC = 2.9% [2.4–3.3%]) (interaction, p = 0.037) and there was a general trend toward decreasing engagement in risk behaviors among students with depressive symptoms. In subgroup analyses, there was a disproportionately large increase in depressive symptoms among students reporting cannabis use, high-risk screen time, shorter sleep hours, and unhealthy weight perception. …”
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Spatiotemporal clustering of anthrax and molecular typing of Bacillus anthracis in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, 2019 – 2022 by Ran XIAN, Cong YANG, Jianwei GAO, Lei GAO, Qian CHEN, Yu ZHAO, Wenhe KUAI, Haohao FAN, Xiaodi LI, Jiangtao MA

“…The genetic relationships of the 14 B. anthracis strains isolated during the same period were defined as: A.Br 001/002 subgroup, 6 different MLVA genotypes within A3.b gene cluster, of which 3 common genotypes were defined as 2, 3, and 5 PHANA genotypes, respectively, by SNR-4 analysis; SNR-4 analysis showed 12 SNR genotypes. …”
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Relationship between albumin-corrected anion gap and lumbar spine bone mineral density: a cross-sectional study by Aiguo Liu, Aiguo Liu, Ting Ying, Shuang Deng, Chenxu Wang, Chenxu Wang, Ziwen Zhao, Sitong Zhang, Han Xiao, Chengqing Yi, Dejian Li

“…Furthermore, a U-shaped relationship was identified, with a turning point at an ACAG value of 22.15, indicating that lower ACAG levels were associated with decreased BMD, while higher levels showed a positive effect. Subgroup analyses by sex demonstrated consistent findings, with significant associations in both males and females.ConclusionThe findings underscore a significant association between elevated ACAG levels and reduced lumbar spine BMD, suggesting that ACAG may serve as a valuable biomarker for assessing osteoporosis risk. …”
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Association between controlling nutritional status score and the prognosis of patients with acute myocardial infarction: a systematic review and meta-analysis by Lei Peng, Jian Tang, Ningjun Zhang, Zhongnan Zhang, Deqi Wang, Youfu He

“…Sensitivity analyses and Egger’s test were conducted to appraise the robustness of results and publication bias, respectively. Subgroup analyses were executed to account for various confounding factors. …”
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Association of daily step counts and step intensity with mortality among US adults: a cross–sectional study of NHANES 2005–2006 by Tianzhou Peng, Changhao Liu, Ti Yang, Leyi Liao, Qingping Li, Hanbiao Liang, Jiapeng Zhang, Chen Xie, Kai Wang, Chuanjiang Li

“…Using multivariable–adjusted Cox proportional hazards models, we found that compared to participants in the light–step group, there was significantly lower risk of mortality in the moderate (hazard ratio [HR], 0.47 [95% CI, 0.32–0.69]), high (HR, 0.35 [95% CI, 0.21–0.61]) and vigorous (HR,0.45 [95% CI, 0.22–0.93]) step groups. Sensitivity and subgroup analyses confirmed that the association between step count and mortality remained robust. …”
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Unintended pregnancy among women living with HIV and its predictors in East Africa, 2024. A systematic review and meta-analysis. by Eyob Shitie Lake, Mulat Ayele, Abebaw Alamrew, Befikad Derese Tilahun, Besfat Berihun Erega, Alemu Birara Zemariam, Getinet Kumie, Gizachew Yilak

“…The finding of this subgroup analysis by study country showed that the pooled prevalence of unintended pregnancy among women living with HIV was lower in Ethiopia (28.38%; 95% CI: 15.54, 41.21%) and higher in Rwanda (62.7%; 95% CI: 58.71, 66.69%). …”
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