Associations of PM2.5 and its components with term preterm rupture of membranes: a retrospective study by Jiangxia Qin, Weiling Liu, Haidong Zou, Chong Zeng, Cifeng Gao, Weiqi Liu

“…No significant interactions were found between PM2.5 and its components with TPROM across various subgroups. Conclusion Our findings indicate significant associations between the risk of TPROM and exposure to PM2.5 and several of its components during pregnancy. …”
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Efficacy and safety of immune checkpoint inhibitors in elderly patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysisResearch in context by Jiacheng Yao, Sihan Li, Lu Bai, Jun Chen, Chengbo Ren, Tingting Liu, Jingping Qiu, Jun Dang

“…However, significantly prolonged OS was not observed in subgroups of aged ≥ 75 years and PD-L1 < 1%. In real-world studies, the pooled median OS of ICIs were 11.8 months (95% CI: 11.2–12.4); Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (EOCG) score, histological type, PD-L1 status, with immune-related adverse events (irAEs), and treatment mode were predictive for OS; rates of irAEs and discontinuation were numerically higher for combination therapy vs. monotherapy. …”
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Association Between Fine Particle Waves and Sexual Function: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Survey in China by Weiqian Zhang, Rui Qu, Guan Cheng, Jingxuan Wang, Tailang Yin, Jue Liu, Dongdong Tang, Yan Zhang

“…The potentially vulnerable subgroups were the younger 20–30 and the low-income groups. …”
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Associations between sedentary behaviour and sarcopenia among patients aged 40 and older with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a cross-sectional study by Dandan Wang, Ming Zhang, Jun Huang, Haihong Zhang, Si Chen, Kefang Wang

“…Multiple logistic regression and restricted cubic spline (RCS) were performed to investigate the rates of association between sarcopenia and SB. Subgroups was analysed by gender. Results A total of 414 COPD patients with complete information were included in this trial. …”
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Impact of shock index (SI), modified SI, and age-derivative indices on acute heart failure prognosis; A systematic review and meta-analysis. by Mehrbod Vakhshoori, Niloofar Bondariyan, Sadeq Sabouhi, Mehrnaz Shakarami, Sayed Ali Emami, Sepehr Nemati, Golchehreh Tavakol, Behzad Yavari, Davood Shafie

“…In-hospital mortality based on ASI was 6.12% (mean ASI: 47.49, 95%CI: 44.73-50.25) and significant difference was found between death and alive subgroups (0.48, 95%CI:0.39-0.57, P<0.001). Also, ASI was found to be independent in-hospital mortality predictor (OR: 2.54, 95%CI:2.04-3.16, P<0.001)). …”
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Evaluation of the diagnostic accuracy of two point-of-care tests for COVID-19 when used in symptomatic patients in community settings in the UK primary care COVID diagnostic accura... by Brian D Nicholson, Philip J Turner, Thomas R Fanshawe, Alice J Williams, Gayatri Amirthalingam, Sharon Tonner, Maria Zambon, Richard Body, Kerrie Davies, Rafael Perera, Simon de Lusignan, Gail N Hayward, F D Richard Hobbs, RAPTOR-C19 Study Group and the CONDOR Steering Committee

“…Diagnostic accuracy parameters were estimated, with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), overall, in relation to RT-PCR cycle threshold and in pre-specified subgroups.<h4>Results</h4>Of 663 participants included in the primary analysis, 39.2% (260/663, 95% CI 35.5% to 43.0%) had a positive RT-PCR result. …”
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Decreased Levels of Insulin-Regulated Aminopeptidase (IRAP) in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Prospective Cohort Study by Osman Köse, Koray Gök, Elif Köse, Sezen Irmak Gözükara, Abdullah Tüten, Mehmet Sühha Bostancı

“…Pairwise comparisons indicated, that diet modified and insulin treated GDM subgroups had significantly lower serum IRAP levels than the control group (p < 0.017 and p < 0.017, respectively). …”
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Changes in and Potential Mechanisms of Circulating IgA+CD27-Class-Switched Memory B Cells in Patients With Allergic Rhinitis by Zheng H, Xu S, Yang R, Jiao WE, Qiao YL, Liu JY, Fan HM, Zhou YT, Ni HF, Chen J, Deng YQ, Chen SM

“…Han Zheng,1,&ast; Shan Xu,1,&ast; Rui Yang,1,&ast; Wo-Er Jiao,1 Yue-Long Qiao,1,2 Jia-Yu Liu,1 Hui-Ming Fan,1 Yan-Ting Zhou,1 Hai-Feng Ni,3 Jin Chen,1 Yu-Qin Deng,1 Shi-Ming Chen1 1Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China; 2Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland; 3Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Yu-Qin Deng; Shi-Ming Chen, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China, Email bamboo0723@126.com; shimingchen0468@163.comBackground: The role of memory B cells and their subgroups in allergic rhinitis (AR) and allergen immunotherapy (AIT) remains unclear. …”
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Identification and Analysis of Potential Immune-Related Biomarkers in Endometriosis by Yanan He, Jixin Li, Yanjun Qu, Liyuan Sun, Xibo Zhao, Han Wu, Guangmei Zhang

“…We screened transcription factor- (TF-) immune-related gene (IRG) regulatory networks as potential biomarkers to reveal new molecular subgroups for the early diagnosis of endometriosis. …”
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Morphometric parameters of pelvic lymph nodes in experimental metastatic prostate cancer by V. V. Astashov, N. G. Kulchenko

“…These animals were further divided into two equal subgroups: 1a (n = 10) – mice were withdrawn from the experiment on day 7; 1b (n = 10) – mice were withdrawn from the experiment on day 18. …”
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Evaluation of double-balloon enteroscopy in the management of type 1 small bowel vascular lesions (angioectasia): a retrospective cohort study by Suleyman Dolu, Mehmet Emin Arayici, Soner Onem, Ilker Buyuktorun, Huseyin Dongelli, Goksel Bengi, Mesut Akarsu

“…To further investigate the clinical outcomes, the angioectasia group that required endoscopic treatment was divided into two subgroups based on the number of double-balloon enteroscopy (DBE) procedures performed. …”
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Integrating CT-based radiomics and clinical features to better predict the prognosis of acute pancreatitis by Hang Chen, Yao Wen, Xinya Li, Xia Li, Liping Su, Xinglan Wang, Fang Wang, Dan Liu

“…The patients were dichotomized into good and poor prognosis subgroups based on follow-up CT and clinical data. …”
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Lipoprotein (a) levels in children with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia by Liliya F. Galimova, Dinara I. Sadykova, Evgeniia S. Slastnikova, Chulpan D. Khaliullina, Karina R. Salakhova

“…The control and study groups were divided into 3 age subgroups (5–7, 8–12, 13–17 years). Total cholesterol, triglycerides, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, and Lp(a) were determined in all children. …”
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Frequency of remission achievement in the pre-treat-to-target decade in juvenile idiopathic arthritis by Ana Isabel Rebollo-Giménez, Angela Pistorio, Silvia Maria Orsi, Francesca Ridella, Elena Aldera, Luca Carlini, Valentina Natoli, Marco Burrone, Silvia Rosina, Roberta Naddei, Alessandro Consolaro, Esperanza Naredo, Angelo Ravelli

“…The systemic and oligoarticular subgroups had the highest rates of CID at 6 months (32.1% and 29.5%, respectively) and at 12 months (40% and 41.1%, respectively). …”
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Depressive and Negative Symptoms in the Early and Established Stages of Schizophrenia: Integrating Structural Brain Alterations, Cognitive Performance, and Plasma Interleukin 6 Lev... by Fabiana Corsi-Zuelli, Gary Donohoe, Siân Lowri Griffiths, Cristina M. Del-Ben, Andrew J. Watson, Tom Burke, Paris A. Lalousis, Declan McKernan, Derek Morris, John Kelly, Colm McDonald, Saahithh R. Patlola, Carmine Pariante, Nicholas M. Barnes, Golam M. Khandaker, John Suckling, Bill Deakin, Rachel Upthegrove, Maria R. Dauvermann

“…Future work identifying elevated levels of inflammation in larger samples may allow stratification and personalized intervention by subgroups who are at risk of poor outcomes.…”
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Ultrasensitive interferons quantification reveals different cytokine profile secretion in inflammatory myopathies and can serve as biomarkers of activity in dermatomyositis by Loïs Bolko, Loïs Bolko, Loïs Bolko, Céline Anquetil, Céline Anquetil, Alba Llibre, Solène Maillard, Damien Amelin, Karim Dorgham, Vincent Bondet, Océane Landon-Cardinal, Océane Landon-Cardinal, Océane Landon-Cardinal, Ségolène Toquet, Ségolène Toquet, Kuberaka Mariampillai, Samuel Malatre, Alexandrine Mahoudeau, Baptiste Hervier, Mathieu Rodero, Guy Gorochov, Darragh Duffy, Olivier Benveniste, Olivier Benveniste, Yves Allenbach, Yves Allenbach

“…ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to evaluate the presence of different types of interferon in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM) and their subgroups using ultrasensitive cytokine detection techniques (SIMOA) and to assess their potential as activity biomarkers.MethodsDisease activity was measured at the time of serum collection and assessed by manual muscle testing eight (MMT8 score 0-150), muscle enzymes to calculate the Physician Global Assessment (PGA) (0-10). …”
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Unsupervised machine learning clustering approach for hospitalized COVID-19 pneumonia patients by Nuttinan Nalinthasnai, Ratchainant Thammasudjarit, Tanapat Tassaneyasin, Dararat Eksombatchai, Somnuek Sungkanuparph, Viboon Boonsarngsuk, Yuda Sutherasan, Detajin Junhasavasdikul, Pongdhep Theerawit, Tananchai Petnak

“…This study aimed to classify hospitalized COVID-19 pneumonia subgroups using an unsupervised machine learning approach. …”
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Sex-specific differences in children attending the emergency department: prospective observational study by Joany M Zachariasse, Henriette A Moll, Ian K Maconochie, Ewout W Steyerberg, Daan Nieboer, Dorine M Borensztajn, Claudio F Alves, Frank J Smit, Susanne Greber-Platzer, Claudia M G Keyzer-Dekker

“…Objective To assess the role of sex in the presentation and management of children attending the emergency department (ED).Design The TrIAGE project (TRiage Improvements Across General Emergency departments), a prospective observational study based on curated electronic health record data.Setting Five diverse European hospitals in four countries (Austria, The Netherlands, Portugal, UK).Participants All consecutive paediatric ED visits of children under the age of 16 during the study period (8–36 months between 2012 and 2015).Main outcome measures The association between sex (male of female) and diagnostic tests and disease management in general paediatric ED visits and in subgroups presenting with trauma or musculoskeletal, gastrointestinal and respiratory problems and fever. …”
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Patient preferences for anti-hyperglycaemic medication for type 2 diabetes mellitus in China: findings from a national survey by Jing Liu, Lei Si, Yingyao Chen, Yanfeng Ren, Liu Liu, Shimeng Liu, Qi Pan, Xiong Ke, Shiyi Bao, Fuming Li, Yijiang Yu, Yan Wei

“…LCM identified the following four unobserved subgroups: trypanophobia, cardiovascular-benefits-focused, safety-focused and efficacy-focused and cost-sensitive.Conclusion Patients with T2DM prioritised free out-of-pocket costs, highest efficacy, no hypoglycaemia risk and cardiovascular benefits over weight change and mode of administration. …”
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Associations of Serum Urate and Cardiovascular Events in a Clinical Trial of Interleukin-1β Blockade by Nicholas H. Adamstein, MD, Jean G. MacFadyen, BA, Brittany N. Weber, MD, PhD, Peter Libby, MD, Daniel H. Solomon, MD, MPH, Paul M Ridker, MD, MPH

“…Cox regressions were repeated within subgroups, including canakinumab vs placebo, estimated glomerular filtration rate ≥60 vs <60 mL/min, and gout vs no gout. …”
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