Understanding the private-public school performance gap in PISA: evidence from Portugal by Ricardo Colaço, Pedro Freitas, Luis Catela Nunes, Ana Balcão Reis

“…To account for those differences, we apply a post-stratification adjustment; however, sample sizes are small, resulting in estimates with low precision for several subgroups. We propose recommendations for improving the handling of these issues in future PISA cycles. …”
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The utility of muscle magnetic resonance imaging in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies: a scoping review by Julie J. Paik, Lisa Christopher-Stine, Mikael Boesen, Mikael Boesen, John A. Carrino, S. Peter Eggleton, Deborah Denis, Olga Kubassova

“…Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs) are muscle disorders characterized by proximal weakness of the skeletal muscles, inflammation in muscle, and autoimmunity. The classic subgroups in IIMs include dermatomyositis, inclusion body myositis, immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy, and polymyositis (PM). …”
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Age of First Suicide Attempt in Men and Women: An Admixture Analysis by Hilario Blasco-Fontecilla, Analucia A. Alegria, David Delgado-Gomez, Teresa Legido-Gil, Jeronimo Saiz-Ruiz, Maria A. Oquendo, Enrique Baca-Garcia

“…To define different subgroups of suicide attempters according to age at onset of suicide attempts. …”
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Associations of pro-inflammatory factors and IL-10 levels with degree of suicide risk in adolescents with depression by Wenyuan Liu, Wenyuan Liu, Wenyuan Liu, Wenyuan Liu, Hongyu Zheng, Hongyu Zheng, Hongyu Zheng, Xiaofei Wen, Xiaofei Wen, Xiaofei Wen, Longxing Liu, Longxing Liu, Longxing Liu, Longxing Liu, Yue Yang, Yue Yang, Yue Yang, Yue Yang, Hui Zhong, Hui Zhong, Hui Zhong, Hui Zhong

“…Patients were divided into three subgroups according to suicidal ideation within the past week and history of suicide attempts. …”
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Circulating Th1 and Th2 Subset Accumulation Kinetics in Septic Patients with Distinct Infection Sites: Pulmonary versus Nonpulmonary by Ming Xue, Yuying Tang, Xu Liu, Mingyuan Gu, Jianfeng Xie, Ling Liu, Yingzi Huang, Fengmei Guo, Yi Yang, Haibo Qiu

“…This finding suggested that circulating Th1 and Th2 subset accumulations vary in septic subgroups with different infection sites.…”
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Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps and Biologics: A Call for Better Data Standardisation and Presentation in Clinical Studies by Kariyawasam HH, Langan D, Rimmer J

“…Patient selection criteria was not consistent in studies with several heterogeneous disease subgroups of CRSwNP patients present in each study. …”
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Cigarette Smoking Patterns Among Racial and Ethnic Groups With Chronic Lung Diseases During the COVID-19 Pandemic by Vijaya L. Seegulam, MPH, Caretia J. Washington, BS, Parvathy P. Surendran, BPT, Alyssa M. Falise, PhD, MSPH, Diana Gomez-Manjarres, MD, Catalina Lopez-Quintero, MD, MPH, PhD

“…Conclusions: These analyses suggest that the pandemic had a differential impact on the rates of current smoking across racial/ethnic subgroups in adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and/or asthma, with a detrimental effect in Hispanic individuals and an improvement among non-Hispanic White individuals. …”
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Bioimpedance assessment of body composition in the first adulthood period of somatic types residing in highland by Kozuev Kadyr, Tulekeev Toktogazy, Dzholdubaev Sagynbek, Toichieva Zarina, Abdullaeva Zhypargul

“…Conclusion: mesoectomorphy, balanced ectomorphic, central and meso-endo types prevailed among the somatotype subgroups.…”
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Total Knee Replacement in the Obese Patient: Comparing Computer Assisted and Conventional Technique by Yogeesh D. Kamat, Kamran M. Aurakzai, Ajeya R. Adhikari

“…Each group was further divided into subgroups depending on whether the patients were obese or nonobese. …”
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Schoolchildren with Learning Difficulties Have Low Iron Status and High Anemia Prevalence by F. P. N. Arcanjo, C. P. C. Arcanjo, P. R. Santos

“…The sample was divided into two subgroups: those with deficient initial reading skills (DIRS) (case) and those without (control). …”
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Fibromyalgia Detection and Diagnosis: A Systematic Review of Data-Driven Approaches and Clinical Implications by Anirudh Atmakuru, Subrata Chakraborty, Massimo Salvi, Oliver Faust, Prabal Datta Barua, Makiko Kobayashi, Ru San Tan, Filippo Molinari, Abdul Hafeez-Baig, U. Rajendra Acharya

“…Furthermore, artificial intelligence-driven identification of biomarkers and patient subgroups could improve FMS management. In this systematic review, we explore the role of artificial intelligence in understanding FMS pathophysiology, discuss the present limitations, and shed light on future research avenues, aiming to translate findings into improved clinical outcomes.…”
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Comorbidity Networks From Population-Wide Health Data: Aggregated Data of 8.9M Hospital Patients (1997–2014) by Elma Dervić, Katharina Ledebur, Stefan Thurner, Peter Klimek

“…We present co-occurrence networks of hospital diagnoses, stratified by age, sex, and observation period in a total of 96 different subgroups. For each of these groups we report a range of association measures (e.g., count data, and odds ratios) for all pairs of diagnoses. …”
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Future Guides for Biomarkers for Autism Spectrum Disorders by Mai Mohamed Elhassan Mustafa

“…It would be a significant advancement to have biomarkers that can identify children at risk during the presymptomatic period to aid in early diagnosis, confirm behavioral observations, stratify patients into subgroups, and predict therapeutic response.…”
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Comparison of Perioperative Ranibizumab Injections for Diabetic Macular Edema in Patients Undergoing Cataract Surgery by Erhan Yumuşak, Kemal Örnek

“…All patients had advanced cataract with DME and underwent an uneventful phacoemulsification surgery. There were 3 subgroups. The first group received intravitreal ranibizumab injection 2 weeks preoperatively, the second group received intraoperatively, and the third group received 2 weeks postoperatively. …”
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DeepWei-Cu: A Deep Weibull Network for Cure Fraction Models by Ola Abuelamayem

“… Introduction: Survival analysis including cure fraction subgroups is heavily used in different fields like economics, engineering and medicine. …”
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A missing link: The interdependence between sugar-sweetened beverage and cigarette consumption from China. by Lu Liu, Kevin Chen

“…We thus employed Heckman sample selection model and simultaneous equation model to identify and validate the interdependence between SSB and cigarette consumption across subgroups exhibiting different smoking behaviors with individual-level data from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) during the period from 2004 to 2011. …”
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Changing Management of Clinical Low-Stage Testicular Cancer by Timothy Gilligan

“…Clinical studies have made it possible to identify subgroups of patients at high and low risk for relapse and this has made it possible to tailor treatment decisions to the individual patient's postorchiectomy relapse risk.…”
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Gut microbial profiles of patients with optic neuritis or myasthenia gravis by Tao Wu, Hanqiu Jiang, Chen Lin, Jingting Peng, Xiuyun Kong, Jie Yu, Jiawei Wang, Shilei Cui

“…No significant differences were found between the disease subgroups. The Carnobacteriaceae family was significantly less abundant in the ON than in the MG group. …”
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A review of dietary behaviors among college students in Saudi Arabia by Mohammed A. Alshehri

“…Tailoring these programs to different student subgroups and incorporating stress management strategies could further improve outcomes. …”
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Evaluation the Effects of Different Silica Coating Methods and Silane Types on the Bond Strength Between Polyamide and Polymethylmethacrylate by Atilla Evcin, Özer İşisağ

“…Each main group was further divided into two subgroups based on the type of silane used: Bisco Porcelain Primer (BPP) and Clearfil Primer Plus (CPP) (n=9). …”
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