The Growing Challenge of Chronic Kidney Disease: An Overview of Current Knowledge by Rikke Borg, Nicholas Carlson, Jens Søndergaard, Frederik Persson

“…With the addition of recent landmark findings and the expansion of the indication for using sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors, there are now new effective treatments to add to standard therapy. …”
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Empagliflozin Alleviates Hepatic Steatosis by Activating the AMPK-TET2-Autophagy Pathway in vivo and in vitro by Ting Li, Ting Fang, Linxin Xu, Xiangyang Liu, Xiaoyu Li, Mei Xue, Xiaochen Yu, Bei Sun, Liming Chen

“…Empagliflozin is a sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor that effectively lowers blood glucose, but its effect on MAFLD and associated mechanisms are not fully understood.Methods: Eight-week-old db/db mice, an in vivo model, were administered empagliflozin or saline intragastrically. …”
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Canagliflozin alleviates acetaminophen-induced renal and hepatic injury in mice by modulating the p-GSK3β/Fyn-kinase/Nrf-2 and p-AMPK-α/STAT-3/SOCS-3 pathways by Abeer Bishr, Bassant M. El-Mokadem, Asmaa A. Gomaa

“…Abstract Despite the fact that canagliflozin (Cana), a sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor, is an anti-diabetic medication with additional effects on the kidney, there is limited experimental data to deliberate its hepato-reno-protective potentiality. …”
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Glucose-Lowering Agents Developed in the Last Two Decades and Their Perioperative Implications by Basavana Goudra, Geno J. Merli, Michael Green

“…While dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4is) and glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) have been approved for nearly two decades, sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT-2is) are relatively new. …”
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Renoprotective Effect of Thai Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Treated with SGLT-2 Inhibitors versus DPP-4 Inhibitors: A Real-World Observational Study by Apichaya Chanawong, Suriyon Uitrakul, Supatcha Incomenoy, Natnicha Poonchuay

“…Recently, there is a lack of studies comparing the renoprotective effects of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors. …”
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Chronic Benign Tubular Albuminuria From Compound Heterozygous Variants in : A Case Report by Adam Pietrobon, Mark D. Elliott

“…Second, identifying genetic forms of tubular albuminuria is key to avoiding ineffective interventions (eg, ACE inhibition, AT-II receptor blockade, sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 [SGLT2] inhibition) and unnecessary invasive procedures (eg, kidney biopsy). …”
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Semaglutide combined with empagliflozin vs. monotherapy for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in type 2 diabetes: Study protocol for a randomized clinical trial. by Yu-Hao Lin, Zhi-Jun Zhang, Jin-Qing Zhong, Zhi-Yi Wang, Yi-Ting Peng, Yan-Mei Lin, Huo-Ping Zhang, Jian-Qing Tian

“…The glucagon-like peptide (GLP-1) receptor agonists and sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors have been developed as new glucose-lowering drugs, which can improve fatty liver via an insulin-independent glucose-lowering effect. …”
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DIABETES MELLITUS IN PATIENTS WITH LIVER CIRRHOSIS: NEW TREATMENT OPTIONS by L. Yu. Morgunov

“…This article deals with the correction of carbohydrate metabolism in patients with cirrhosis and hepatocellular insufficiency of insulin analogs, biguanides, drugs with incretin effect — dipeptidyl peptidase‑4 inhibitors, agonists of glucagon-like peptide‑1, inhibitors of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 diabetes. Particular attention is paid to the development of hepatocellular insufficiency and portal hypertension in patients with cirrhosis and type 2 diabetes, as well as processes for their prevention and insulin alternative correction methods.…”
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SGLT2i and GLP-1RA in Cardiometabolic and Renal Diseases: From Glycemic Control to Adipose Tissue Inflammation and Senescence by Luis D'Marco, Valery Morillo, José Luis Gorriz, María K. Suarez, Manuel Nava, Ángel Ortega, Heliana Parra, Nelson Villasmil, Joselyn Rojas-Quintero, Valmore Bermúdez

“…Over the last few years, the use of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) and glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) has increased substantially in medical practice due to their documented benefits in cardiorenal and metabolic health. …”
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The SGLT-2 Inhibitor Dapagliflozin Has a Therapeutic Effect on Atherosclerosis in Diabetic ApoE−/− Mice by Weiling Leng, Xinshou Ouyang, Xiaotian Lei, Mingxia Wu, Liu Chen, Qinan Wu, Wuquan Deng, Ziwen Liang

“…Our study aimed to observe the effect of sodium glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitor dapagliflozin on diabetic atherosclerosis and investigate the subsequent mechanism. …”
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Angiotensin-Neprilysin Inhibitor Therapy: A Retrospective Chart Study by Roda Plakogiannis, Abraham Stefanidis, Nubriel Hernandez, Etty Vider

“…Future studies should address diuretic dose adjustment in conjunction with the administration of ARNI and sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors. …”
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Diabetes Treatment with Dapagliflozin and Its Combinations: Insights from Clinical Practice by Akshay Bafna, Ajit Mehta, Rajeev Garg, Jayagopal Pathiyil Balagopalan, Rajesh Rajput, Nitin Zalte, Preethi Naik, Amarnath Sugumaran, Senthilnathan Mohanasundaram

“…As the initial choice of oral antidiabetic class (other than metformin), 43.86% of clinicians preferred sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i). Dapagliflozin is the most effective SGLT2i in reducing mortality/hospitalization in T2DM patients with HF (70.38%). …”
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Impact of Hospitalization on Continuation of SGLT2 Inhibitors and GLP-1 Receptor Agonists for Comorbidities in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes by Bethany Murphy, Simran Chahal, Elleigh Shepherd, Nicole Taylor, Austin Camp

“…Purpose: In the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), select sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists are recommended based on comorbidities such as chronic kidney disease (CKD), heart failure (HF), and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). …”
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Real-world effectiveness and safety of sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors in chronic kidney disease by Supattra Hunsuwan, Sarinya Boongird, Atiporn Ingsathit, Wanchana Ponthongmak, Nattawut Unwanatham, Gareth J McKay, John Attia, Ammarin Thakkinstian

“…Abstract Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) have shown efficacy in clinical trials for slowing chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression, but real-world data in diverse populations are limited. …”
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A cost-utility analysis of adding SGLT2 inhibitors for the management of type 2 diabetes with chronic kidney disease in Thailand by Natthakan Chitpim, Pattara Leelahavarong, Juthamas Prawjaeng, Sakditat Ittiphisit, Varalak Srinonprasert, Tanawan Kongmalai

“…Abstract Chronic kidney disease (CKD) in type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients is associated with end-stage renal disease and significant economic burden. While sodium glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) show renal benefits in randomized controlled trials (RCTs), their cost-effectiveness in Thailand remains unclear. …”
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Integrated Management of Cardiovascular–Renal–Hepatic–Metabolic Syndrome: Expanding Roles of SGLT2is, GLP-1RAs, and GIP/GLP-1RAs by Nikolaos Theodorakis, Maria Nikolaou

“…This review addresses the following critical question: How can novel anti-diabetic agents, including sodium–glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2is), glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs), and dual gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP)/GLP-1RA, offer an integrated approach to managing CRHM syndrome beyond the boundaries of traditional specialties? …”
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BDNF Levels and Cognitive Function in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Treated with SGLT2 Inhibitors by Betül SÜMBÜL ŞEKERCİ, Şeymanur DEMİRHAN, Esra ÇALIŞICI, Abdüsselam ŞEKERCİ

“…Clinical research on this topic is particularly limited regarding sodium-glucose-cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a protein essential for cognitive functions and glucose metabolism. …”
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Effect of Repetitive Glucose Spike and Hypoglycaemia on Atherosclerosis and Death Rate in Apo E-Deficient Mice by Kenichi Nakajima, Tomoya Mita, Yusuke Osonoi, Kosuke Azuma, Toshiyuki Takasu, Yoshio Fujitani, Hirotaka Watada

“…Administration of ipragliflozin, a selective inhibitor of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2, in the mouse model of repetitive glucose spikes inhibited the progression of atherosclerosis, whereas long-term repetitive glucose spikes, repetitive hypoglycaemia, and their combination had no significant impact on atherosclerosis. …”
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The Role of SGLT2 Inhibitors in Heart Failure: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis by Vasiliki Tsampasian, Ranu Baral, Rahul Chattopadhyay, Maciej Debski, Shruti S Joshi, Johannes Reinhold, Marc R Dweck, Pankaj Garg, Vassilios S Vassiliou

“…Recent randomised controlled trials (RCTs) have shown a significant prognostic benefit of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors in the cardiovascular (CV) profile of patients with diabetes. …”
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The Use of SGLT-2 Inhibitors and GLP-1RA in Frail Older People with Diabetes: A Personalised Approach Is Required by Alan J. Sinclair, Ahmed H. Abdelhafiz

“…<b>Background:</b> Frailty is an increasingly recognised complication of diabetes in older people and should be taken into consideration in management plans, including the use of the new therapies of sodium glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors and glucagon like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA). …”
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