Serum 25‐Hydroxyvitamin D Levels and Survival Outcomes in Advanced Biliary Tract Cancer: Results From the NIFTY Trial by So Heun Lee, Jaekyung Cheon, Ilhwan Kim, Kyu‐pyo Kim, Baek‐Yeol Ryoo, Jae Ho Jeong, Myoung Joo Kang, Byung Woog Kang, Hyewon Ryu, Ji Sung Lee, Changhoon Yoo

“…In the subgroup analysis, however, higher serum 25(OH)D levels were significantly associated with poorer OS in female patients, while no significant association was observed in male patients, indicating a significant interaction by sex. Additionally, a marginally significant interaction was observed between body mass index and serum 25(OH)D levels for OS, with higher levels associated with better OS in patients who were underweight. …”
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Bacterial Profiles and Antibiotic Resistance in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients with Exacerbation and Type 2 Respiratory Failure at Adam Malik General Hospital by Lia Mutia Annisa, Fajrinur Syarani, Andika Pradana, Erna Mutiara

“…This study provides a comprehensive analysis of various factors such as age, sex, education, occupation, BMI, and comorbidities, and their relationship with bacterial infections in COPD patients experiencing exacerbation and type 2 respiratory failure. 2. …”
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A surrogate BSL2-compliant infection model recapitulating key aspects of human Marburg virus disease by Wanying Yang, Wujie Zhou, Bo Liang, Xiaojun Hu, Shen Wang, Zhenshan Wang, Tiecheng Wang, Xianzhu Xia, Na Feng, Yongkun Zhao, Feihu Yan

“…Notably, the pathogenicity was found to be species-specific, age-related, sex-associated, and challenge route-dependent. Subsequently, the therapeutic efficacy of the MR191 monoclonal antibody was validated in this model. …”
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Effect of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir (Paxlovid) on hospitalization among adults with COVID-19: An electronic health record-based target trial emulation from N3C. by Abhishek Bhatia, Alexander J Preiss, Xuya Xiao, M Daniel Brannock, G Caleb Alexander, Robert F Chew, Hannah Davis, Megan Fitzgerald, Elaine Hill, Elizabeth P Kelly, Hemalkumar B Mehta, Charisse Madlock-Brown, Kenneth J Wilkins, Christopher G Chute, Melissa Haendel, Richard Moffitt, Emily R Pfaff, N3C Consortium

“…To emulate randomization, we used the clone-censor-weight technique with inverse probability of censoring weights to balance a set of covariates including sex, age, race and ethnicity, comorbidities, community well-being index (CWBI), prior healthcare utilization, month of COVID-19 index, and site of care provision. …”
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Molecular prevalence and associated risk factors of Entamoeba spp. in donkeys in Shanxi Province, North China by Ze-Dong Zhang, Han-Dan Xiao, Dong-Yang Wang, Nan Su, Xun-Zhi Liu, Zi-Rui Wang, Shi-Chen Xie, Xing-Quan Zhu, Shuo Zhang, Wen-Wei Gao

“…Statistical analysis revealed that the donkeys' sex, region, age, and altitude are the risk factors associated with Entamoeba spp. prevalence (P < 0.05). …”
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Examining teen club attendance and viral load suppression among adolescents under differentiated HIV care in Malawi: a sub-optimal scenario by Rachel Chamanga, Tessa Musukwa, Louiser Kalitera, Felix Gent, Harrid Nkhoma, Kwashie Kudiabor, Alice Maida, Dumbani Kayira, Verita Buie, Godfrey Woelk, Thulani Maphosa

“…We used multivariable logistic regression to identify factors associated with unsuppressed VL, adjusting for sex, age, education, district, adherence assessment, disclosure of one’s HIV status, and teen club attendance. …”
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Characteristics and long-term health outcomes of the first domestic COVID-19 outbreak cases in Da Nang, Vietnam: a longitudinal cohort study by Miyuki Tsuruoka, Mai Kim Huynh, Michiko Toizumi, Thanh Tien Hoang, Trieu Bao Nguyen, Anh The Dao, Luong Dinh Nguyen, Huy Xuan Le, Chung Thanh Le, Anh Quang Dang, Hung Thai Do, Lay Myint Yoshida

“…Females and adults reported symptoms more often, which might be due to the pathophysiological differences according to sex and age.…”
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The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Oldest-Old Social Capital and Health and the Role of Digital Inequalities: Longitudinal Cohort Study by Luca Guido Valla, Michele Rossi, Alessandra Gaia, Antonio Guaita, Elena Rolandi

“…We used linear mixed models to assess the impact of COVID-19 and time on changes in social capital, physical and psychological health, and ICT use in a discontinuity regression design while controlling for age, sex, education, and income satisfaction. Then, we assessed the influence of internet use and its interaction with COVID-19 on these changes. …”
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Distinct Circle of Willis anatomical configurations in healthy preterm born adults: a 3D time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography study by Julien Greggio, Christina Malamateniou, Kelly Pegoretti Baruteau, Constantino Carlos Reyes-Aldasoro, Odaro J. Huckstep, Jane M. Francis, Wilby Williamson, Paul Leeson, Adam J. Lewandowski, Winok Lapidaire

“…Statistical comparisons assessed the prevalence of each variant group between preterm and full-term populations, as well as the relationship between CoW variability, sex, and degree of prematurity. Results We identified 164 participants with variant CoW configurations. …”
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Clinical Characteristics of COVID-19 in Neonates and Infants Younger Than 3 Months by Fatemeh Varshoei, Mohammad Sadegh Rezai, Roya Farhadi, Azin Hajialibeig, Saeid Mohammadi, Masoud Moradi, Fatemeh Hosseinzadeh

“…Demographic data such as age, sex, comorbidity, clinical characteristics and symptoms, medications, and laboratory test results were extracted from the patient’s medical records. …”
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Unmet Supportive Care Needs of Lung Cancer Survival Patients at Different Cancer Stages and Treatment Phases by Lee PY, Chen YA, Tsai TH, Chen CY, Shieh SH

“…Pei-Yi Lee,1,2 Yu-An Chen,3 Tung-Han Tsai,4 Chih-Yi Chen,5,6,&ast; Shwn-Huey Shieh4,7,&ast; 1Department of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, 406040, Taiwan; 2Department of Gerontological Health Care, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology (CTUST), Taichung, 40601, Taiwan; 3Department of Education, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, 40705, Taiwan; 4Department of Health Services Administration, China Medical University, Taichung, 406040, Taiwan; 5Institute of Medicine Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, 40201, Taiwan; 6Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 40201, Taiwan; 7Department of Nursing, China Medical University, Taichung, 406040, Taiwan&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Shwn-Huey Shieh, Department of Health Services Administration, China Medical University, No. 100, Section 1, Jingmao Road, Beitun District, Taichung City, 406040, Taiwan, Email shshieh@mail.cmu.edu.tw Chih-Yi Chen, Institute of Medicine Chung Shan Medical University, No. 110, Section 1, Jianguo North Road, Taichung City, 40201, Taiwan, Email cshy1566@csh.org.twPurpose: This study examined the unmet supportive care needs of lung cancer patients across different cancer stages and treatment phases, as well as the factors associated with these unmet needs.Patients and methods: Data from 501 lung cancer patients at a cancer center in central Taiwan were analyzed to assess their unmet supportive care needs across dimensions such as health information, patient care, treatment, nutrition, psychosocial, and economic needs. Associations with sex, age, cancer stage, and treatment phase were investigated.Results: Compared with male patients, female patients exhibited fewer unmet health information needs (aOR=0.40; p=0.021). …”
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Risk of All-Cause Mortality in US Adults With Preserved Ratio Impaired Spirometry: An Observational Study by Xiao S, Ou J, Qiu W, Ye C, Li N, Chen S, Lai Y, Deng Z, Wu F, Shen Y

“…We performed sensitivity analyses stratified by the lower limit of normal definition of spirometry criteria. Subgroup analyses by sex, age, smoking status, race, body mass index, level of education, poverty-to-income ratio, respiratory symptoms, and comorbidities were performed in participants with the different spirometry classifications.Results: Overall, 24,691 participants were included, with a median follow-up time of 25.7 years. …”
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The Effect of Prejudice and Discrimination Education Given to University Students on Gender Perception and Attitude by Neslihan Nur Pehlivan

“…While the total scale score of women was higher than men according to GPS and GRAS scores according to sex before the training (GPS, p = 0.002; GRAS, p…”
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Immunogenicity of the 9-valent human papillomavirus vaccine: Post hoc analysis from five phase 3 studies by Anna R. Giuliano, Joel M. Palefsky, Stephen E. Goldstone, Jacob Bornstein, Ilse De Coster, Ana María Guevara, Ole Mogensen, Andrea Schilling, Pierre Van Damme, Corinne Vandermeulen, Misoo C. Ellison, Susan Kaplan, Jianxin Lin, Rachael Bonawitz, Alain Luxembourg

“…Adjusted integrated analysis showed lower immunogenicity in men who have sex with men (MSM) versus heterosexual men (HM) for nine HPV types, and higher immunogenicity in HM versus females for seven HPV types. …”
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Autoantibodies in type 1 diabetes: Prevalence and clinical profiles by Raja Hazime, Saad Lamjadli, Morad Guennouni, Mounir Belkrachni, Fatima-Ezzohra Eddehbi, Ider Oujamaa, Lahcen Elmoumou, Aicha Bourrahouate, Imane Ait Sab, Hicham Baizri, Nawal El Ansari, Brahim Admou

“…A multicenter cross-sectional study was carried out on 276 patient-first with T1D, including 167 pediatric (60.5 %) and 109 adult (39.5 %) cases, of which 144 were female and 132 were male (sex ratio= 0.91),with an average age of 14.1 ± 8.0 years. …”
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Culturally appropriate terminologies in health research: a participatory study with pregnant and breastfeeding mothers in Uganda by Ritah Nakijoba, Adelline Twimukye, Josephine Bayigga, Aida N. Kawuma, Simon Peter Asiimwe, Fredrick Byenume, Jacqueline Kyeyune, Sylvia Nabukenya, Francis Williams Ojara, Francis Williams Ojara, Catriona Waitt, Catriona Waitt

“…The study revealed that words used in research that did not specify sex were described as disrespectful, inappropriate or confusing. …”
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IL-17A, IL-22, IL-6, and IL-21 Serum Levels in Plaque-Type Psoriasis in Brazilian Patients by Priscilla Stela Santana de Oliveira, Pablo Ramon Gualberto Cardoso, Emerson Vasconcelos de Andrade Lima, Michelly Cristiny Pereira, Angela Luzia Branco Pinto Duarte, Ivan da Rocha Pitta, Moacyr Jesus Barreto de Melo Rêgo, Maira Galdino da Rocha Pitta

“…Serum samples from 53 psoriasis patients and 35 healthy volunteers, matched by the proportion of sex and age ratios, were collected for ELISA cytokine detection. …”
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Prevalence and associated factors of self-reported oral health problems among adults in the Fanteakwa districts in Ghana by Joana Kwabena-Adade, Enoch Aninagyei, Joy Ato Nyarko

“…Socio-demographic study variables collected were sex, age, educational level, income level, ethnicity, area of residence, household size and frequency of brushing teeth in a day. …”
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Individualized diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease based on multivariate magnetic resonance imaging radiomics and clinical indexes by Qianqian Ye, Chenhui Lin, Fangyi Xiao, Tao Jiang, Jialong Hou, Yi Zheng, Jiaxue Xu, Jiani Huang, Keke Chen, Jinlai Cai, Jingjing Qian, Weiwei Quan, Yanyan Chen

“…The clinical-radiomics model was constructed by integrating clinical variables, including UPDRS, Hoehn-Yahr stage, age, sex, and MMSE scores. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were generated to evaluate the performance of the models. …”
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Plasma myeloperoxidase interactions with cadmium, lead, arsenic, and selenium and their impact on chronic kidney disease by Hsi-Hsien Chen, Ya-Li Huang, Chih-Yin Wu, Mei-Chieh Chen, Horng-Sheng Shiue, Sheng-Lun Hsu, Ying-Chin Lin, Yu-Mei Hsueh

“…Accordingly, we recruited 395 age- and sex-matched controls and 215 patients with CKD (persistent estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 for a minimum of 12 weeks without hemodialysis). …”
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