Estimating the met need for emergency obstetric care (EmOC) services in three payams of Torit County, South Sudan: a facility-based, retrospective cross-sectional study by Pontius Bayo, Imose Itua, Suzie Paul Francis, Kofi Boateng, Elijo Omoro Tahir, Abdulmumini Usman

“…Objective To determine the met need for emergency obstetric care (EmOC) services in three Payams of Torit County, South Sudan in 2015 and to determine the frequency of each major obstetric complication.Design This was a retrospective cross-sectional study.Setting Four primary healthcare centres (PHCCs) and one state hospital in three payams (administrative areas that form a county) in Torit County, South Sudan.Participants All admissions in the obstetrics and gynaecology wards (a total of 2466 patient admission files) in 2015 in all the facilities designated to conduct deliveries in the study area were reviewed to identify obstetric complications.Primary and secondary outcome measures The primary outcome was met need for EmOC, which was defined as the proportion of all women with direct major obstetric complications in 2015 treated in health facilities providing EmOC services. …”
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Length of hospital stay and its factor associated among neonates with perinatal asphyxia in the Northwest Amhara Region, Northwest Ethiopia 2023: a multicentre retrospective cross-sectional study by Gezahagn Demsu Gedefaw, Asnake Tadesse Abate, Degalem Tilahun Worku, Mulugeta Endalamaw Ayenew, Dawit Tesfaye Daka

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Correlation between the white blood cell/platelet ratio and 28-day all-cause mortality in cardiac arrest patients: a retrospective cohort study based on machine learning by Huai Huang, Guangqin Ren, Shanghui Sun, Zhi Li, Yongtian Zheng, Lijuan Dong, Shaoliang Zhu, Xiaosheng Zhu, Wenyu Jiang

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Prolonged impacts of sodium glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors on metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease in type 2 diabetes: a retrospective analysis through magnetic resonance imaging by Agena Suzuki, Akinori Hayashi, Satoshi Oda, Rei Fujishima, Naoya Shimizu, Kenta Matoba, Tomomi Taguchi, Takuya Toki, Takeshi Miyatsuka

“…However, evidence regarding their long-term effects is currently insufficient. In this retrospective observational study, 34 people with T2D and MASLD, treated with SGLT2 inhibitors, were examined by proton density fat fraction derived by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI-PDFF) and other clinical data before, one year after the treatment. …”
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Association between chiropractic spinal manipulative therapy and benzodiazepine prescription in patients with radicular low back pain: a retrospective cohort study using real-world data from the USA by Jeffery A Dusek, Robert James Trager, Zachary A Cupler, Kayla J DeLano, Jaime A Perez

“…We hypothesise that utilisation of CSMT for newly diagnosed rLBP is associated with reduced odds of benzodiazepine prescription through 12 months’ follow-up.Design Retrospective cohort study.Setting National, multicentre 73-million-patient electronic health records-based network (TriNetX) in the USA, queried on 30 July 2021, yielding data from 2003 to the date of query.Participants Adults aged 18–49 with an index diagnosis of rLBP were included. …”
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Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori among Patients with Gastrointestinal Tract (GIT) Symptoms: A Retrospective Study at Selected Africa Air Rescue (AAR) Clinics in Kampala, Uganda, from 2015 to 2019 by Edity Namyalo, Luke Nyakarahuka, Matthias Afayoa, Joel Baziira, Andrew Tamale, G. Collins Atuhaire, Joseph M. Kungu

“…In Uganda, no study has been done on the trends of the prevalence of H. pylori infection in the affluent population. Therefore, this retrospective cross-sectional study aimed at determining the trend of H. pylori prevalence among affluent patients presenting with gastrointestinal (GIT) symptoms whose stool samples were tested at selected AAR clinics in Kampala area. …”
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Association between the low-density lipoprotein to high-density lipoprotein ratio and prognosis in critically ill intracerebral hemorrhage patients: a retrospective cohort study from the MIMIC-IV database by Yuchen Liu, Houxin Fu, Yue Wang, Yi Zhong, Rongting Zhang, Jingxuan Sun, Tianquan Yang, Yong Han, Yongjun Xiang, Bin Yuan, Ruxuan Zhou, Min Chen, Hangzhou Wang

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Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (TEN)/Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS) Epidemiology and Mortality Rate at King Fahad Specialist Hospital (KFSH) in Qassim Region of Saudi Arabia: A Retrospective Study by Abdullah Alajaji, Jagannath Chandra Shekaran, Omar Mohammed Aldhabbah, Hajar Abdullah Alhindi, Nouf Salem Almazyad, Ziyad Abdulrahman Aljutayli, Saleh Abaalkhail, Saleh Alfouzan

“…To study the epidemiology of SJS/TEN and associated mortality rate in Qassim region, Saudi Arabia. Methodology. A retrospective chart review of all patients with the diagnosis of SJS/TEN who were admitted to King Fahad Specialist Hospital (KFSH) in Qassim region, Saudi Arabia, for the period between Jan 2014 to Jan 2019. …”
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Lower Dose of 5 mL of 1% Lidocaine is More Suitable than the Conventional 10 mL for Caudal Block in Transrectal Prostate Biopsy: A Retrospective Cohort Study by Norichika Ueda, Mototaka Sato, Shunsuke Mori, Atsuki Matsukawa, Yuta Oki, Yuma Kujime, Ryoya Mizuno, Hiromu Horitani, Tetsuya Yamamoto, Shota Fukae, Mitsuhiro Yoshinaga, Makoto Matsushita, Mai Akiyama, Satoshi Kamido, Ayako Honda, Jiro Nakayama, Norihide Tei, Osamu Miyake

“…Methods. This retrospective study included 869 patients who underwent transrectal prostate biopsy with caudal block at our hospital. …”
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A Supervised Explainable Machine Learning Model for Perioperative Neurocognitive Disorder in Liver-Transplantation Patients and External Validation on the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV Database: Retrospective Study by Zhendong Ding, Linan Zhang, Yihan Zhang, Jing Yang, Yuheng Luo, Mian Ge, Weifeng Yao, Ziqing Hei, Chaojin Chen

“…ObjectiveThis study used machine learning (ML) algorithms with an aim to extract critical predictors and develop an ML model to predict PND among LT recipients. MethodsIn this retrospective study, data from 958 patients who underwent LT between January 2015 and January 2020 were extracted from the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University. …”
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Clinical Features and Prognosis Analysis of Hormone Receptor-Positive, HER2-Negative Breast Cancer with Differential Expression Levels of Estrogen and Progesterone Receptors: A 10-Year Retrospective Study by Jin Liu, Mingyu Gan, Zijing Lin, Qin Deng, Juan Deng, Bin Zeng, Yanling Shi, Jia Ming

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Positive end-expiratory pressure and risk of postoperative pulmonary complications in patients living at high altitudes and undergoing surgery at low altitudes: a single-centre, retrospective observational study in China by Zhuoning Li, Kaixi Shang, Zongjing Xia, Xiaoli Ye, Chongcong Gong

“…Objectives To examine whether a high positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP ≥5 cmH2O) has a protective effect on the risk of postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) in a cohort of patients living at high altitudes and undergoing general anaesthesia.Design Retrospective, observational study.Setting A tertiary hospital in China.Participants Adult Tibetan patients living at high altitudes (≥3000 m) and who went to the low-altitude plain to undergo non-cardiothoracic surgery under general anaesthesia, from January 2018 to April 2020.Measurements This study included 1905 patients who were divided according to the application of an intraoperative PEEP: low PEEP (<5 cmH2O, including 0 cmH2O) or high PEEP (≥5 cmH2O). …”
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Comparing Outcomes between Major Trauma Patients Transferred from a Different Hospital and Patients Transported Directly to Trauma Centers: A Retrospective Analysis with Propensity Score Matching Analysis by Cheng-Hsi Yeh, Sheng-En Chou, Wei-Ti Su, Ching-Hua Tsai, Chun-Ying Huang, Shiun-Yuan Hsu, Ching-Hua Hsieh

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Assessing the Impact of Isoniazid Preventive Therapy (IPT) on Tuberculosis Incidence and Predictors of Tuberculosis among Adult Patients Enrolled on ART in Nekemte Town, Western Ethiopia: A Retrospective Cohort Study by Gemechu Tiruneh, Alemayehu Getahun, Emiru Adeba

“…It is known to be most effective in preventing tuberculosis in patients with positive tuberculin skin test. Methods. A retrospective cohort study centering on two institutions in Nekemte town, Western Ethiopia, was employed. …”
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Prognostic Value of Skull Base Foramen Invasion Subclassification in T Category Modification and Induction Chemotherapy Management for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: Post‐Hoc Analysis of a Dual‐Center Retrospective Cohort Study by Siyu Zhu, Shuqi Li, Di Cao, Chao Luo, Zhiying Liang, Shaobo Liang, Guoyi Zhang, Qin Zhao, Guangying Ruan, Lizhi Liu, Gui Fu, Haojiang Li

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Does Treatment with Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors Affect Adherence to International Society Criteria for Diabetic Ketoacidosis in Adult Patients with Type 2 Diabetes? A Retrospective Cohort Analysis by Aongus O’Brolchain, Joshua Maletsky, Ibrahim Mian, Serena Edwards

“…Additionally, the demographics and clinical characteristics of patients with type 2 diabetes presenting with DKA were compared based on their treatment with SGLT2i at the time of diagnosis. Design. Retrospective observational study. Setting. Inpatients at two teaching hospitals in Queensland, Australia. …”
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A new and automated risk prediction of coronary artery disease using clinical endpoints and medical imaging-derived patient-specific insights: protocol for the retrospective GeoCAD cohort study by Louisa Jorm, Daniel Moses, Dona Adikari, Ramtin Gharleghi, Shisheng Zhang, Arcot Sowmya, Sze-Yuan Ooi, Susann Beier

“…This may open new pathways in the early implementation of personalised preventive therapies in susceptible individuals as a potential key in addressing the growing burden of CAD.Methods and analysis GeoCAD is a retrospective cohort study in 1000 adult patients who have undergone CTCA for investigation of suspected CAD. …”
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Pigmented pathological type and depth of follicular extension as predictors of treatment failure in 5-aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy for actinic keratosis: A retrospective, matched nested case-control study by Qinyuan Zhu, Huyan Chen, Jing Luan, Qiong Huang, Lianjun Chen, Wenyu Wu, Shujun Chen

“…Methods: This single-site, retrospective, matched case-control study included 119 patients with histologically confirmed AK to identify clinical and pathological predictors for effectiveness of ALA-PDT. …”
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SARS-COV-2 re-infection and incidence of post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC) among essential workers in New York: a retrospective cohort studyResearch in context by Tesleem K. Babalola, Sean A.P. Clouston, Zennur Sekendiz, Devi Chowdhury, Nicola Soriolo, Joseph Kawuki, Jaymie Meliker, Melissa Carr, Bruno R. Valenti, Ashley Fontana, Onix A. Melendez, Olga Morozova, Benjamin J. Luft

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Extended-release amphetamine (Dyanavel XR) is associated with reduced immediate-release supplementation in adults with ADHD, regardless of baseline patient variables: a retrospective cohort analysis of medical treatment records by Joel L. Young, Richard N. Powell, Anna Powell, Lisa L. M. Welling, Lauren Granata, Jaime Saal, Margot Nash

“…Given that several FDA-approved ER formulations are available and many individual patient variables may affect efficacy, the purpose of this study was to identify reliable predictors of the tendency for patients to supplement their daily ER medication with an IR medication. Methods This retrospective study analyzed data from medical treatment records of adults with ADHD who received at least one ER psychostimulant (amphetamine or methylphenidate preparations) for at least six months between November 2022 and June 2024 (N = 417). …”
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