Impact of secondary ice production on thunderstorm electrification under different aerosol conditions by S. Huang, J. Yang, J. Yang, J. Li, Q. Chen, Q. Zhang, F. Guo

“…It is found that as the aerosol concentration increases, more but smaller cloud droplets can be lofted to mixed-phase regions. The warm-rain process is suppressed, and the declined raindrop concentration leads to fewer graupel particles. …”
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Observed climate trends and farmers’ adaptation strategies in Dendi District, West Shewa Zone, Ethiopia by Busha Getachew, Gonfa Kewessa, Worku Hailu, Gezahegn Girma

“…The major events identified include prolonged droughts with late-onset or early offset of rains (84.5%), floods/excessive moisture (71.6%), crop disease (70.8%), and erosion (56.9%). …”
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Particulate matter emission in agricultural biomass residue combustion by M.G. Nugraha, A. Sharfan, V.S.Y. Prakoso, M. Hidayat, H. Saptoadi

“…Open burning practices in Yogyakarta exhibit a correlation with heightened rainfall, which in turn leads to higher emissions from April to August due to reduced rain frequency. Experimental campaigns have revealed that open burning practices result in a significant amount of emissions, ranging from 3 to 29 grams of particulate matter per kilogram of biomass.. …”
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Improving Autonomous Vehicle Cognitive Robustness in Extreme Weather With Deep Learning and Thermal Camera Fusion by Mehmood Nawaz, Sheheryar Khan, Muhammad Daud, Muhammad Asim, Ghazanfar Ali Anwar, Ali Raza Shahid, Ho Pui Aaron HO, Tom Chan, Daniel Pak Kong, Wu Yuan

“…The proposed technique is effective and adaptable in challenging conditions, such as night or dark mode, smoke, and heavy rain. The experimental results of the proposed method demonstrate enhanced efficiency and cognitive robustness compared to state-of-the-art fusion and detection techniques. …”
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Soil moisture partitioning strategies in blowouts in the Hulunbeier grassland and response to rainfall by Zhixin Bao, Limin Yuan, Limin Yuan, Limin Yuan, Zhongju Meng, Ezhen Zhang, Lei Zhu, Jinwang Liu

“…The HOBO-RG3-M self-recording rain gauge was used to monitor rainfall. Soil water storage, coefficient of variation, and Pearson’s correlation coefficient were calculated to study the differences in soil moisture and the dynamic change regularity in soil moisture under different rainfall conditions. …”
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Explore the evolution of winter wheat production and its response to climate change under varying precipitation years in the Loess Plateau of China by Donglin Wang, Yanbin Li, Binbin Zhang, Tengcong Jiang, Siyu Wu, Wenjie Wu, Yi Li, Jianqiang He, Deli Liu, Qinge Dong, Hao Feng

“…Change of the spatio-temporal distribution of precipitation poses a significant impact on agricultural production in rain-fed areas of the Loess Plateau. The adaptation process and mechanism of winter wheat production to annual precipitation pattern remain unclear. …”
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Effects of Brackish Water with Different Sodium-Potassium Ratios on Soil Water-Salt Characteristics and Winter Wheat Growth by GAO Weiqiang, ZHANG Tibin, TONG Jiankang, LIU Zhenyuan, LIANG Qing, KUANG Yuxin, CHENG Yu, FENG Hao

“…[Methods] A pot experiment of winter wheat was carried out under the condition of rain-shielding. Deionized water was used as the control (CK). …”
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Sustainable healthy settlement on a small island as a cultural heritage area by I. Martias, R. Rifardi, A. Agrina, I. Suprayogi

“…Several attributes significantly influenced the sustainability of healthy settlement arrangements in the coastal area of Penyengat Island, including household waste management, lighting in houses, noise levels, residential density, clean water supply, corporate social responsibility (CSR) funding, occupation, income growth, technological innovation, tourist numbers, public perception of the distance between cultural heritage and settlements, social conflicts, implementation of mutual cooperation, community group management, handling cross-program problems, education and training, settlement regulations, community organization regarding settlements, socialization of regulations, cultural heritage organizations, hedgerows, additional vegetation, tree canopy expansion, and rain gardens. The multi-dimensional scaling analysis indicated that the ecological dimension of sustainability ranged from 51.71 to 60.67, corresponding to the moderate status in Rukun Warga 1 to 5. …”
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Serological Survey of Hantavirus in Inhabitants from Tropical and Subtropical Areas of Brazil by Felipe Alves Morais, Alexandre Pereira, Aparecida Santo Pietro Pereira, Marcos Lazaro Moreli, Luís Marcelo Aranha Camargo, Marcello Schiavo Nardi, Cristina Farah Tófoli, Jansen Araujo, Lilia Mara Dutra, Tatiana Lopes Ometto, Renata Hurtado, Fábio Carmona de Jesus Maués, Tiene Zingano Hinke, Sati Jaber Mahmud, Monica Correia Lima, Luiz Tadeu Moraes Figueiredo, Edison Luiz Durigon

“…The aim of this study was to analyze hantavirus antibody levels in inhabitants from a tropical area (Amazon region) in Rondônia state and a subtropical (Atlantic Rain Forest) region in São Paulo state, Brazil. A total of 1,310 serum samples were obtained between 2003 and 2008 and tested by IgG-ELISA, and 82 samples (6.2%), of which 62 were from the tropical area (5.8%) and 20 from the subtropical area (8.3%), tested positive. …”
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Exploring coupling effects of rainfall and surface roughness on the sheet flow velocity by Enshuai Shen, Gang Liu, Qiong Zhang, Chenxi Dan, Chang Liu, Hairu Li, Ya Liu, Xueming Qu, Xiaolin Xia, Dandan Liu, Zhen Guo, Xining Zhao

“…Finally, a model was created to forecast α based on the ratio of water depth to roughness height, hydraulic slope, and rain Reynolds number. The results are valuable in soil erosion by providing accurate α for estimating the surface and mean velocities of SF.…”
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Spatial and temporal heterogeneity of soil respiration in a bare-soil Mediterranean olive grove by S. Aranda-Barranco, S. Aranda-Barranco, P. Serrano-Ortiz, P. Serrano-Ortiz, A. S. Kowalski, A. S. Kowalski, E. P. Sánchez-Cañete, E. P. Sánchez-Cañete

“…Outbursts of CO<span class="inline-formula">₂</span> emissions associated with precipitation events were detected, especially in the alley, during dry periods and after extended periods without rain, but they were not accurately detected by EC-derived respiration models. …”
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The influence of the El Niño phenomenon on appearance of large-scale forest fires and their ecological consequences by L. F. Chernogor, A. N. Nekos, G. V. Titenko, L. L. Chornohor

“…Ejections of nitrogen and sulfur oxides, which stimulate the occurrence of acid rain, have been assessed. A comparative analysis of the characteristics and consequences of forest fires showed that they were more large-scale in Chile in 2017 and 2023 (almost 20 times) and in February 2024 than the record fires in Ukraine in 2020 in terms of their parameters and consequences. …”
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اثر آبیاری زمستانه بر گل‌دهی و تشکیل میوه زیتون ارقام ʼزردʻ و ʼمانزانیلاʻ در منطقه‌ی لوشان by محمود قاسم نژاد, شیما محمدی, مسعود محمدصالحی

“…شاهد شامل بدون آبیاری زمستانه(Rain Fed) و آبیاری روال باغ، یعنی با فاصله‌ی هر هفت روز(Control) بود. …”
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Harnessing root phenotyping and root growth plasticity of landraces of maize (Zea mays L.) for enhancing waterlogging tolerance in fragile and challenging agro-ecologies of Eastern... by E. Lamalakshmi Devi, Krishnappa Rangappa, Ayam Gangarani Devi, S.K. Chongtham, Ingudam Bhupenchandra, Konsam Sarika, Harendra Verma, Rumi Narzari, Samarendra Hazarika, Sankar Prasad Das, B.U. Choudhury, Anil Kumar Choudhury, T.L. Bhutia, V.K. Mishra

“…This research identifies critical root traits and promising genotypes for developing WL-tolerant maize, contributing to sustainable crop production in rain-fed EHR environments.…”
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Differential Prognosis of True Bifurcation Lesions According to Left Main Versus Non–Left Main Location and Treatment Strategy by Ki Hong Choi, Chang‐Wook Nam, Francesco Bruno, Yun‐Kyeong Cho, Leonardo De Luca, Jeehoon Kang, Alessio Mattesini, Young Bin Song, Alessandra Truffa, Hyo‐Soo Kim, Wojciech Wańha, Woo Jung Chun, Sebastiano Gili, Gerard Helft, Seung Hwan Han, Bernardo Cortese, Cheol Hyun Lee, Javier Escaned, Hyuck‐Jun Yoon, Alaide Chieffo, Joo‐Yong Hahn, Guglielmo Gallone, Seung‐Hyuk Choi, Gaetano De Ferrari, Bon‐Kwon Koo, Giorgio Quadri, Seung‐Ho Hur, Fabrizio D'Ascenzo, Hyeon‐Cheol Gwon, Ovidio de Filippo

“…Methods The ULTRA‐BIFURCAT (Combined Insights From the Unified COBIS III, RAIN, and ULTRA Registries) was created by merging 3 bifurcation‐dedicated registries from Korea and Italy. …”
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Investigating Precipitation Changes in the Southern Coast of Iran using ERA5 Data by Maryam Kamali, Masoud Torabi Azad

“…Examining the time series of the data indicated an increase in regional rainfall in the spring season and a decrease in the winter season.Intra-seasonal changes showed that winter rains decreased compared to autumn rains, spring rains increased compared to autumn, summer rains increased compared to autumn rains, and summer rains increased compared to spring rains in the region. . …”
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The interpretation of [+distal] in demonstratives and complementizers by Staps Camil, Rooryck Johan

“…This allows us to explain (i) that direct speech patterns with [−distal] (Sue said this/#that: “It is raining”) while indirect speech patterns with [+distal] (Sue said *this/that it is raining); (ii) the use of that in exclamatives (That bio industry is still allowed!)…”
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Data and models reveal humid environmental conditions during MIS 3 in two of the world’s largest deserts by Lézine, Anne-Marie, Kageyama, Masa, Bassinot, Franck

“…The major result of our study is to show that humid conditions appeared much earlier and were more prevalent in the Arabian Peninsula than in Africa, due to the conjunction of monsoon rains in summer and Mediterranean rains in winter. …”
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Response of Soybean to Early-Season Planting Dates along the Upper Texas Gulf Coast by W. James Grichar, Stephen P. Biles

“…Soybeans (Glycine max L.) can be planted along the upper Texas Gulf Coast from mid-March through May to take advantage of early season rains and to complete harvest before hurricane season and fall rains become a problem. …”
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La mousson, pluie des agriculteurs et vent des marins by Françoise Aubaile-Sallenave

“…But monsoon obliges the travelers to accomodate to its very particular annual calendars : it directs the boats alternatively from west to east and from east to west.The cultural frame of the paper focalizes the arabo-muslim world of the 8th-16th, 18th centuries, with glimpses on the other cultures (in term of boats, travels, travelers, products).We shall evocate the action of the monsoon on the land and the adaptation of the small farmers to those rains, but also the good and bad consequences of those rains for the societies.We also shall evocate the steps of the trade (chinese, indian, arabic, persian, then portuguese, english and french), some great oriental and occidental travelers, their aims.For the Europeans in the Indian Ocean, that monsoon route has been first the alternative to the inside asiatic route, the silk route. …”
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