Topological Sustainability of Crop Water Requirements and Irrigation Scheduling of Some Main Crops Based on the Penman-Monteith Method by Waseem Asghar Khan, Jamshaid Ul Rahman, Mogtaba Mohammed, Ziyad Ali AlHussain, Murtada K. Elbashir

“…The following method was used to apply the topology of the current study of evapotranspiration ETo, net irrigation demand, irrigation schedules, and total effective rain fall of different crop models: using the Food and Agriculture Organization's (FAO) CROPWAT 8.0 standard software and the CLIMWAT 2.0 tool and the FAO-56 Penman-Monteith approach to examine the variable topology of evapotranspiration ETo. …”
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Impact of Production Inputs and Timing on Crackness of Rice in Northern Ghana by Daniel Asomning Odoom, Joseph Xorse Kugbe, Israel Kwame Dzomeku, Albert Berdjour, Dennis Owusu Boateng, Richard Naabe Yaro, Prince Wireko, Ebenezer Kofi Sam, Philip Ghanney

“…Under rain-fed conditions, perfumed rice production in Northern Ghana is associated with high paddy cracking during milling. …”
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Hybridized triboelectric nanogenerators for simultaneously scavenging droplet and wind energies by Chaosheng Hu, Chengmin Bao, Yang Liu, Yingzhan Yan, Yingzhan Yan, Yanan Bai, Qian Xu, Qian Xu

“…Under the simulated environment of medium rain with medium breeze, the hybridized TENG generates an output voltage of 95.10 V, a maximum average power of 18.15 μW, an energy of 181.54 μJ in 10 s, and charges a 1 μF capacitor to 43.29 V in 120 s. …”
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Vegetation responses to snow cover removal and rainfall reduction in subalpine grasslands: Insights from a 4-year field experiment in the Spanish Pyrenees by Antonio I. Arroyo, Miguel Castillo-Garcia, Yolanda Pueyo, Concepción L. Alados

“…We conducted a 4-year field experiment to evaluate the effects of diminished snowpack accumulation (through snow removal) and rainfall reduction (through rain-out shelters) on aboveground plant productivity, diversity and species composition of two subalpine grassland plant communities from the central region of the Spanish Pyrenees. …”
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A learning‐based approach to regression analysis for climate data–A case of Northeast China by Jiaxu Guo, Yidan Xu, Liang Hu, Xianwei Wu, Gaochao Xu, Xilong Che

“…As an important part of China's food production, Northeast China has a temperate monsoon climate with simultaneous rain and heat, which is favorable for crop growth. …”
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Intelligent Traffic Management System Based on the Internet of Vehicles (IoV) by Samir A. Elsagheer Mohamed, Khaled A. AlShalfan

“…These traditional traffic signals have many problems including inefficient time management in road intersections; they are not immune to some environmental conditions, like rain; and they have no means of giving priority to emergency vehicles. …”
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Influence of large-scale atmospheric circulation and Mediterranean sea surface temperature to extreme land precipitation: the case of storm Alex by Laurent Terray, Margot Bador

“…Extreme (greater than 500 mm) amount of rain fell in southeastern France and northern Italy on 2nd and 3rd October 2020 during a ‘Mediterranean episode’ triggered by the powerful extratropical cyclone Alex. …”
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Seepage Analysis on the Surface Layer of Multistage Filled Slope with Rainfall Infiltration by Bingxiang Yuan, Zengrui Cai, Mengmeng Lu, Jianbing Lv, Zhilei Su, Zuqing Zhao

“…The analysis showed that VWC and PWP increased when the rain fell, and the growth rate of the higher feature point was higher. …”
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The Comprehensive overview of the recent advancements in self-healing asphalt utilizing nano-technology by Wondimagegne Mamo Mengistu, Abera Ambaye, Anwar Beshir Mohammed, Nefisa Abdulkadir, Wubeshet Gebru

“… Because of factors like age, wear and tear, and elements such as rain, sunlight and chemicals that come into contact with the pavement surface, traditional asphalt materials are vulnerable to degradation. …”
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Citizen science for monitoring rainfall in Vietnam by Tran Huan N., Duwal Sudeep, Prajapati Rajaram, Davids Jeffrey C., Nguyen Dung T., Miegel Konrad

“…This study examines the CS approach to monitor rainfall in the Bui River Basin in Vietnam using low-cost rain gauges constructed from soda bottles, concrete, and rulers. …”
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Photoredox-Catalyzed Decomposition of Nitric Oxide over Au-Enhanced Surface Plasmon Resonance ZnSn(OH)6 Microcubes by Minh-Thuan Pham, Truc Mai Thi Nguyen, Sheng-Jie You, Ya-Fen Wang

“…Therein, nitric oxide (NO) is the leading cause of the greenhouse effect, acid rain, and respiratory diseases. Therefore, discovering a low-cost, environmentally friendly, highly efficient photocatalysis technique to remove NO is necessary and urgent. …”
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The consequences of changes in forest land cover in the Alpine and Jurassic massifs on the physico-chemical status of deep lake waters by Van Tuan Nghiem, Rachid Nedjai, Nacer Nasreddine Messaoud

“…The difference in degree is often interpreted as the result of different combinations from three sources, namely acid rain, direct discharges of pollutants and the spread of forests (essentially conifer species). …”
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Empirical and methodological foundations on the impact of climate-smart agriculture on food security studies: Review by Girma Tilahun, Amare Bantider, Desalegn Yayeh

“…The results depict that smallholder farmers in Sub-Saharan Africa are highly impacted due to their reliance on the rain-fed agriculture production system. From several available CSA technologies in the study area, the review found that small-scale irrigation is the dominant option promoted in addition to improved animal husbandry and other technologies. …”
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Granulation compared to co-application of biochar plus mineral fertilizer and its impacts on crop growth and nutrient leaching by Jannis Grafmüller, Jens Möllmer, E. Marie Muehe, Claudia I. Kammann, Daniel Kray, Hans-Peter Schmidt, Nikolas Hagemann

“…Half the pots received heavy rain simulation treatments to investigate nutrient leaching. …”
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Analysis of Temporal and Spatial Evolution Characteristics of Rainfall in Dongguan in the Past 30 Years by WANG Qiuliang, SUN Xiang, GAN Dufen, MEI Xinpei, CHENG Jie, ZAN Xiongfeng

“…Dongguan is an important city in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area,which is a major contributor to the economic development of this area.However,its urban planning,rational allocation of water resources,flood prevention and disaster reduction are severely affected by torrential rain and floods,and thus its high-quality economic development is seriously hindered.Therefore,by using the 32-year daily rainfall data of 30 hydrological stations in Dongguan,this paper adopts methods such as GIS,the Mann-Kendall test,moving average,and cumulative anomaly to discuss the temporal and spatial distribution of rainfall in Dongguan.The results reveal that in the past 32 years,the temporal and spatial distribution of annual rainfall has gradually increased from west to east with a significant rising trend over time.During the flood season,the rainfall increases sequentially from west to east and gradually decreases from the central part to west,and from the central part to east,it drops before it rises.Rainfall in the flood season accounts for about 60%~95% of the annual total.The rainfall in the non-flood season is prominent in the central part,with great differences between east and west,namely that the rainfall in the central part tends to decrease gradually to both sides,and the southwestern part registers the smallest.The center of the maximum rainfall in the four seasons moves from the central part to the northeast,east,and central,and the southwest still records the minimum rainfall.The monthly average rainfall generally shows an increasing trend from west to east:Many years of data indicates that the average rainfall in June is the largest,accounting for 18.58% of the rainfall all year,while December sees the smallest,accounting for 1.88% of the yearly total.The research results can provide reference and support for the later development of Dongguan.…”
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Response of tef (Eragrostis tef (Zucc.) Trotter) yield to nutrient management under rainy and irrigation production systems in northwestern Amhara, Ethiopia. by Zerfu Bazie, Tadele Amare, Erkihun Alemu, Bitewulign Kerebh, Abere Tenagn, Abrham Awoke, Zmie Ambaw, Beamlaku Alemayehu, Anteneh Abewa, Ataklte Abebe, Tesfaye Feyisa, Birhanu Agumas

“…The pre-planning soil status of the study sites, available P concentrations during the rainy season are between 5.1 and 8.9 mg kg-1, however, 21.4 mg kg-1 of available P is observed during irrigation. In rain-fed production systems, the mean soil N concentrations are 0.12% in nitisols and 0.15% in vertosols, whereas in irrigation production systems, it is 0.14% in nitiosols. …”
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Assessment of the ecological and ameliorative condition of the soil and potential risks when using different types of irrigation of decorative plants by O. O. Gololobova, N. V. Maksymenko, V. L. Bezsonnyi

“…Regarding the state of the soil, it was determined: Both types of irrigation (drip and rain) have a positive effect on soil density; organic matter in the soil decomposes faster than it is formed; the fastest degradation of organic matter is observed under the lawn with drip irrigation, which indicates a lack of nitrogen available to plants; nitrogen is the main limiting factor for plant growth with both types of irrigation. …”
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Crack Identification Method of Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete Based on Deep Learning: A Comparative Study and Shared Crack Database by Yang Ding, Shuang-Xi Zhou, Hai-Qiang Yuan, Yuan Pan, Jing-Liang Dong, Zhong-Ping Wang, Tong-Lin Yang, An-Ming She

“…As a common disease of concrete structure in engineering, cracks mainly lead to durability problems such as steel corrosion, rain erosion, and protection layer peeling, and then the building gets destroyed. …”
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Technical and cost efficiency analysis of irrigated onion production insight from smallholders irrigated onion farmers in north East Amhara National Regional State, Ethiopia by Kindye Ayen, Tariku Kidane, Adane Wubet

“…IntroductionOnions are an imperative root crop that can be grown both under irrigation and rain-fed conditions. It is considered a complementary product to tomatoes and is a globally commercial crop. …”
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Experimental investigation on slope runoff, sediment, and hydraulic parameters under different underlying surface by Siti Norhafizah Hamizak, Zuliziana Suif, Jestin Jelani, Nordila Ahmad, Muhammad Izzul Akhtar

“…Research has shown that rain-induced plant cover can be used as a low-cost strategy to reduce soil erosion on construction slope sites.…”
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