R&D Expenditure and Innovation in the EU and Selected Member States by Radka MacGregor Pelikánová

“…Their selection is made by the motivation to be representative and to face the (alleged) cliché about EU member states labeled as “good” (DE, FR), “lazy” PIGS (PT, IT, GR, SP), leaving (GB), particular Scandinavian (DK, FI, SW) and central (AT, CZ, PL). …”
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Prevalence and associated factors of intestinal parasitic infections in the Badi indigenous communities of Western Nepal by Jitendra Gautam, Rajendra Prasad Parajuli, Kishor Pandey

“…The multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed increased odds of IPIs among participants involved in agriculture [aOR: 5.37, 95% CI: (2.31 to 12.47)], those who kept free-ranging pigs and poultry [aOR: 5.22, 95% CI: (1.87 to 14.53)], those who did not use soap before eating [aOR: 9.96, 95% CI: (2.11 to 46.99)], and those who consumed raw or undercooked meat [aOR: 2.76, 95% CI: (1.08 to 7.05)] compared with others. …”
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Phosphate rebinding induces force reversal via slow backward cycling of cross-bridges by Robert Stehle

“…The aim was to explore the significance of force redevelopment kinetics (rate constant kTR) in cardiac myofibrils for the coupling between the Pi binding induced force reversal and the rate-limiting transition f– for backward cycling of cross-bridges from force-generating to non-force-generating states.MethodskTR and force generation of cardiac myofibrils from guinea pigs were investigated at 0.015–20 mM Pi. The observed force-[Pi], force-log [Pi], kTR-[Pi], and kTR-force relations were assessed with various single-pathway models of the cross-bridge cycle that differed in sequence and kinetics of reversible Pi release, reversible force-generating step and reversible rate-limiting transition. …”
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Serological Diagnosis of <i>Brucella</i> Infection in Cetaceans by Rapid Serum Agglutination Test and Competitive ELISA with <i>Brucella abortus</i> and <i>Brucella ceti</i> as Ant... by Tiziana Di Febo, Gabriella Di Francesco, Carla Grattarola, Luigina Sonsini, Ludovica Di Renzo, Giuseppe Lucifora, Roberto Puleio, Cristina Esmeralda Di Francesco, Camilla Smoglica, Giovanni Di Guardo, Manuela Tittarelli

“…Rose Bengal antigen and smooth lipopolysaccharide (s-LPS) were produced from a field strain of <i>Brucella ceti</i> (“homologous” antigens) and from the reference strain <i>B. abortus</i> S99 (“heterologous” antigens); they are currently used for the diagnosis of brucellosis in cattle, water buffaloes, sheep, goats, and pigs, as recommended in the Manual of Diagnostic Tests and Vaccines for Terrestrial Animals of the World Organization for Animal Health (WOAH). …”
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High-speed centrifugation reduces immune rejection by removing bone marrow elements from fresh osteochondral allografts by Yongsheng Ma, Wenming Yang, Qitai Lin, Meiming Li, Zehao Li, Yugang Xing, Lei Wei, Wangping Duan, Xiaochun Wei

“…Methods: OCAs were obtained from the femoral condyles of the stifle joint in 18 pigs. Gross observations, histological staining, weight measurements, and DNA extraction were performed to assess the effects of centrifugation speed and duration on BMEs removal in OCAs. …”
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Nebulized aminoglycosides for ventilator-associated pneumonia: Methodological considerations and lessons from experimental studies by Jean-Jacques Rouby, Jing Xia, Jayesh Dhanani, Gianluigi Li Bassi, Antoine Monsel, Antoni Torres, Kostoula Arvaniti, Mona Assefi, Matteo Bassetti, Stijn Blot, Matthieu Boisson, Adrien Bouglé, Jean-Michel Constantin, Jayesh Dhanani, George Dimopoulos, Jonathan Dugernier, Pauline Dureau, Stephan Ehrmann, Timothy Felton, Marin Kollef, Antonia Koutsoukou, Anna Kyriakoudi, Pierre-François Laterre, Marc Leone, Victoria Lepère, Gianluigi Li Bassi, Xuelian Liao, Shakti Bedanta Mishra, Olivier Mimoz, Antoine Monsel, Girish B Nair, Michael Niederman, Lucy B Palmer, Jose Manuel Pereira, Konstantinos Pontikis, Garyphalia Poulakou, Jérôme Pugin, Chuanyun Qian, Jie-ming Qu, Jordi Rello, Jason Roberts, Jean-Jacques Rouby, Christina Routsi, Gerald C. Smaldone, Antoni Torres, Melda Türkoğlu, Tobias Welte, Michel Wolff, Xia Jing, Li Yang, Ting Yang, Ying-gang Zhu

“…Experimental studies conducted in anesthetized and mechanically ventilated sheep and pigs provide evidence that high doses of nebulized aminoglycosides induce a rapid and potent bacterial killing in the infected lung parenchyma. …”
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Month and lunar cycle at calving influence and reproductive performance of a tropical buffalo herd by José Atilio Aranguren-Méndez, Rafael Román-Bravo, Ricardo A. Briceño-Rojas, Mauricio G. Briceño-Rojas, Eliani K. Núñez-Guerrero, Fernando P. Perea

“…As has been observed in other species (cattle, swine, and guinea pigs), the frequency of calving was significantly greater (p=0.0026) ∼2 days around the new moon (17.5%) and full moon (14.6%) than in the remaining 26 periods of the moon cycle (67.9%). …”
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Metabolomic and proteomic profiling of a burn-hemorrhagic shock swine model reveals a metabolomic signature associated with fatal outcomes by Bin Wei, Jinguang Zheng, Jiake Chai, Jianxiang Huang, Hongjie Duan, Shaofang Han, Xiaolin Yang, Wenjia Zhang, Fangchao Hu, Yirui Qu, Xiangyu Liu, Tian Liu, Yushou Wu, Yunfei Chi

“…Methods Eight clean-grade adult male Landrace pigs (4–5 months, average weight 60–70 kg) were used to model burn-hemorrhagic shock combined injury. …”
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Effect of supplementing phytase on piglet performance, nutrient digestibility and bone mineralisation by C. De Cuyper, L. Nollet, M. Aluwé, J. De Boever, L. Douidah, E. Vanderbeke, N. Outchkourov, S. Petkov, S. Millet

“…Incremental levels of the phytase, OptiPhos® Plus, were fed to 150 weaned piglets (five treatments of 30 pigs) to determine the effect on piglet performance, nutrient digestibility and bone mineralisation. …”
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Terpinen-4-ol Improves the Intestinal Barrier Function of the Colon in Immune-Stressed Weaning Piglets by Lihuai Yu, Guangzhi Qiu, Xiaomu Yu, Jianwei Zhao, Jun Liu, Hongrong Wang, Li Dong

“…The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of terpinen-4-ol (TER) supplementation on the intestinal barrier function of pigs. Five groups of fifty 28-day-old piglets with comparable body weights were randomly assigned to the following groups: the control group (CON), the lipopolysaccharide group (LPS), the low TER group (PLT), the middle TER group (PMT), and the high TER group (PHT). …”
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Serum metabolic profiles in quails: Effects of age, breed, and sex by Qin He, Hanle Shang, Yizhong Huang, Lizhi Li, Zhuomin Wu, Huihui Ran, Jiguo Xu, Xinwei Xiong

“…Over the past decade, metabolomic research in livestock and poultry has gained considerable momentum; however, quail metabolomics still lags behind that of livestock species such as chickens, pigs, and cattle. Quails are important models due to their low-cost protein sources—both eggs and meat—and practical benefits such as minimal space requirements, high egg production, disease resistance, and rapid reproduction. …”
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The kinetics of maternal and self-developed Streptococcus suis-specific antibodies by Sandra Vreman, Rutger Jansen, Mikael Bastian, Patricia Beckers, Miriam van Riet, Helmi Fijten, Jan Fledderus, Astrid de Greeff, Hélène Winkelman, Norbert Stockhofe-Zurwieden, Lluís Fabà, Henk J. Wisselink, Manouk Vrieling

“…The immune gap caused by decreased maternal-derived antibodies (MDA) and insufficient levels or functionality of acquired antibodies in weaned pigs could play a role in the increased susceptibility to S. suis infections. …”
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Positive end-expiratory pressure increases intracranial pressure but not pressure reactivity index in supine and prone positions: a porcine model study by Rønnaug Hammervold, Rønnaug Hammervold, Rønnaug Hammervold, Erta Beqiri, Peter Smielewski, Benjamin S. Storm, Benjamin S. Storm, Benjamin S. Storm, Benjamin S. Storm, Erik W. Nielsen, Erik W. Nielsen, Erik W. Nielsen, Erik W. Nielsen, Erik W. Nielsen, Claude Guérin, Shirin K. Frisvold, Shirin K. Frisvold

“…We also explored whether other baseline variables influenced potential variances in ICP and PRx.MethodologyTwelve anesthetized pigs were randomized to begin in either supine or prone position, across PEEP of 5, 10, 15, and 20 cmH2O. …”
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Influence of colostrum supply on Salmonella spp. seroprevalence in piglet rearing and possibilities to increase colostrum production by optimised feeding by A. Schulte zu Sundern, C. Holling, K. Rohn, J. Schulte-Wülwer, A. Deermann, C. Visscher

“…There was no correlation between immunocrit value and Salmonella spp. antibodies at the end of the rearing period (r=0.09914), when the pigs were around nine weeks of age. Despite better colostrum supply, the animals in the test group did not show a significantly lower prevalence of Salmonella spp. seroprevalence (test group optical density (OD) 9.8000±17.4954%; control group OD 8.9486±14.2426%; P<0.5344) at nine weeks of age. …”
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Antimicrobial Resistance Genes in Clinical <i>Escherichia coli</i> Strains from Livestock and Poultry in Shandong Province, China During 2015–2020 by Miaoli Wang, Shaopeng Wu, Yao Wang, Feng Chen, Zhangqi Shen, Zouran Lan

“…In addition, strains with <i>bla_NDM-5/mcr-1.1</i> and <i>mcr-1.1/mcr-3.24</i> were found in chickens, while three strains with <i>Tet(X4)</i> were found in pigs. In addition, the most common serotypes detected were the O serotype (76/158) and H serotype (36/158). …”
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Dynamic EIT technology for real-time non-invasive monitoring of acute pulmonary embolism: a porcine model experiment by Junyao Li, Mingxu Zhu, Yitong Guo, Weichen Li, Qing He, Yu Wang, Yuxuan Liu, Benyuan Liu, Yang Liu, Weice Wang, Zhenyu Ji, Xuetao Shi

“…Methods A before-and-after self-control experiment was conducted on anaesthetised domestic pigs (N = 12, 20.75 ± 2.56 kg). The changes in pulmonary perfusion caused by an acute pulmonary embolism (artificially induced) were monitored in real time using the pulsation method. …”
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The Role of Thickening Agent Proportions in Optimizing Nanoemulsion Gel for Dermatophytosis Treatment by Zhang X, Wu CC, Jiang H, Zhao JF, Pan ZJ, Zheng Y

“…A series of α-pinene NGs (αNG1, αNG2, αNG3) containing 0.5%, 0.75% and 1% (w/w) Carbomer 940 were developed and evaluated for stability, rheological properties, and skin irritation; assessed for ex vivo skin permeation, deposition, and fluorescent imaging of drug distribution within skin layers; and tested in vivo for efficacy against Trichophyton rubrum infection in guinea pigs, with PAS (Periodic Acid–Schiff) staining confirming fungal clearance.Results: The steady-state skin flux rates of α-pinene over 24 hours were αNG1 (46.93± 2.52 μg/cm²/h) > αNG2 (26.01± 2.65 μg/cm²/h) > αNG3 (11.36± 1.69 μg/cm²/h). …”
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The novel H10N3 avian influenza virus acquired airborne transmission among chickens: an increasing threat to public health by Xiaoquan Wang, Huiyan Yu, Yahao Ma, Pinghu Zhang, Xiyue Wang, Jianyu Liang, Xiuling Zhang, Ruyi Gao, Xiaolong Lu, Wenhao Yang, Yu Chen, Min Gu, Jiao Hu, Xiaowen Liu, Shunlin Hu, Daxin Peng, Xian Qi, Changjun Bao, Kaituo Liu, Xiufan Liu

“…Recent studies have indicated that novel H10N3 viruses are highly pathogenic in mice and can be transmitted between guinea pigs via respiratory droplets without prior adaptation. …”
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Brucella suis ΔmapB outer membrane vesicles as an acellular vaccine against systemic and mucosal B. suis infection by Florencia Muñoz González, Florencia Muñoz González, Magali G. Bialer, Maria L. Cerutti, Silvia M. Estein, Lila Y. Ramis, Pablo C. Baldi, Pablo C. Baldi, Ángeles Zorreguieta, Ángeles Zorreguieta, Mariana C. Ferrero, Mariana C. Ferrero

“…Both OMVs showed immunoreactivity with sera from Brucella-infected pigs. Intramuscular immunization of mice with both OMVs induced antigen-specific IgG in serum, with the ΔmapB OMVs group showing higher titers compared to the wt OMVs group. …”
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Extensive Inactive Neurocysticercosis: A Case Report in Mbeya, Southern Highlands of Tanzania by Makasi CE, Ngowi BJ, Stelzle D, Kilale AM, Mahande MJ, Welte TM, Winkler AS, Mmbaga BT

“…In our patient,the HIV co-infection might have contributed to the high lesion load and/or to less severe clinical signs/symptoms due to modulation of the immune system.Plain Language Summary: An important parasite that is spread between people and pigs is the pork tapeworm. The larvae from tapeworm infections that settle in the brain are known as neurocysticercosis (NCC) and have been found to infect approximately 17 out of every 100 individuals in areas of Tanzania, where the pork tapeworm is present. …”
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